Receptor And Stimuli Flashcards

1
Q

What is a receptor

A
  • cell adapted to detect change in the environment
  • specific to a single type of stimuli
  • produce a generator potential by acting as a transducer
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2
Q

How can receptors be classified

A

According to the type of stimulation they respond to

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3
Q

Chemoreceptors

A

Stimulated by chemicals eg smell and taste

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4
Q

Mechanoreceptors

A

Sensitive to touch or pressure

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5
Q

Photoreceptors

A

Simulated by light

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6
Q

Thermoreceptors

A

Stimulated by temperature

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7
Q

Why are receptors also transducers

A

They change from one form or energy to another
For example receptors change stimulus energy into electrical energy

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8
Q

What type of receptor pacinian corpuscle

A

Mechanoreceptor

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9
Q

Where is pacinian corpuscle fund and what is their function

A

Deep in skin, fingers, soles of feet = respond to pressure

Joints, ligaments, tendons = enable organism to know which joints are changing directions

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10
Q

How does a receptor cell work

A
  • generator region must develop a generator potential in the neurone ending
  • this is caused by depolarisation of the membrane surrounding the neurone ending
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11
Q

Why are neurone membranes said to be polarised at rest

A
  • Inside of the cell is much more negative relative to the outside of the cell
  • Due to sodium potassium pump actively transports 3 sodium ions out f the cell in exchange for 2 potassium ions
  • membrane selectively permeable for different ions
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12
Q

How are the membranes selectrivly parable for ion s

A

Channel proteins specific to particular ions

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13
Q

What sodium ion channels are found in the membrane of the sensory neurone in pc

A

Stretch mediated sodium channels

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14
Q

What are stretch mediate sodium channels

A

Permeable to sodium ion change when they are deformed eg stretch

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15
Q

Describe depolarisation

A

A temporary reversal of charges over the membrane of neurone/receptor

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16
Q

Describe generator potential

A

Depolarisation of the membrane of a receptor cell as a result of a stimulus

17
Q

Explain how pressure causes a pc to produce a generator potential

A
  • stretch mediated na+ channels are closed
    -pressure deform pc stretching the membrane of the neurone
  • widening the channels, allow Na+ diffuse into neurone across neurone membrane
  • Na+ rapidly diffuses, depolarising the membrane, more positive on the inside
  • if generator potential is greater than a threshold value, creates an action potential which passes along neurone to CNS