Recent Approaches to Migration

Question 1

What was Ravenstein’s thoery (1880’s)?

Answer 1

• most migrants travel short distances that involves stops along the way (step by step)
• longer distance migrants prefer to go to great centres of commerce or industry + usually from urban areas
• each stream of migration produces a counter stream
• females more likely to migrate internally/ males more likely to migrate internationally
• large towns own more to migration that natural inc.
• migration inc. as transport improves + w dev. of commerce + industry

Question 2

What are the main theories put forward by the gravity model of migration?

Answer 2

• stated: push-pull model too simplistic: push/pull factors operate in origin + destination
  
  • magnitude of migration depends on sum of push/pull factors
• place w more opps. > pull + becomes destination, place w limiting opps. becomes origin
• > diff. in opps. = > migration
• availability of opps. between origin + destination intercepts flow of migration: many stop at intervening cities + don’t proceed to large city