recall

Question 1

.001, H+, pH 3, T/F?

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Ethylene

Answer 2

ripening of fruit, release of dormancy, stimulate shoot root growth, stimulate leaf abscission.

Question 3

cytokinin

Answer 3

control major growth periods of the plant link to ethylene to control abscission flowers leaves fruits

Question 4

stigma

Answer 4

female part of flower, top of pollen receptacle, becomes style leads to ovary.

Question 5

pistil

Answer 5

Female collective parts of flower

Question 6

anther/filament

Answer 6

Pollen producers stamen

Question 7

structure soil

Answer 7

percentage sand, silt clay

Question 8

nitrogen

Answer 8

macro - involved in cell function division, protein synthesis, photosynthesis transfer of energy.

Question 9

epigeal germination

Answer 9

cotyledons pushed above soi line until provide energy until photosynthesis takes over

Question 10

heritability

Answer 10

P=G+E
30% genetics
70% environment

Question 11

environment/management

Answer 11

can influence phenotype
e.g. supplementary feeding, shade, temperature control, vaccination, irrigation, windbreak

Question 12

protein

Answer 12

crude
NPN

Question 13

‘trumpeter’

Answer 13

Gonadotrophin release controlled by hypothalamus

Question 14

name the key player in ruminant protein digestion?

Question 15

explain the difference in the anatomy of a monogastric (to a ruminant).

Question 16

The rumen is a fermentation tank. Explain the design/operation of this tank.

Question 17

microbes role

Answer 17

break down protein, continually flushes from the rumen to omasum to abomasum, are then absorbed.

Question 18

protein digestion

Answer 18

when protein is digested it breaks down into peptides (short chains amino acids) which then becomes NH4+ and NH3-.

Question 19

two types of protein

Answer 19

crude and NPN

Question 20

crude protein cp

Answer 20

protein that needs to be broken down to a usable form

Question 21

NPN

Answer 21

Non protein nitrogen

Question 22

rumen microbes

Answer 22

Major source of protein in a bovines diet, break down CP and NPN to nh4+ and NH3+

Question 23

if energy is limited?
poor quality feed, low microbe numbers

Answer 23

Microbes become less efficient at using NH3-, instead of being converted to microbial protein, they are absorbed across rumen wall into blood stream (liver), converted to urea, and excreted a Urine.

Question 24

Monster truck?

Answer 24

Nitrobacter and Nitrosomonas, two main bacteria.

Question 25

precipitation

Answer 25

air 78% N, rain contains N

Question 26

ammonification

Answer 26

Nitrogen is present in soil but in a complex form/tied to organic matter and compounds (chemical).
It is decomposed by fungi and bacteria ‘Mineralises’ becomes NH4+

Question 26

nitrification

Answer 26

NH4+ ions are oxidised (broken down) to nitrate NO2- then to NO3- (nitrate)
Nitrosomonas/ Nitrobacter- bacteria responsible.

Question 27

denitrification

Answer 27

water logged soils, N2 gas is used up by bacteria in water, uses up oxygen to do this.