REBT revision Flashcards

1
Q

Who developed REBT, when, and why?

A

Albert Ellis in the 50s due to frustration w/ psychodynamic psychotherapy - REBT now acknowledged as ‘the first CBT’.

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2
Q

What are the 5 qualities of rational beliefs?

A
  1. Flexible
  2. Non-extreme
  3. Pragmatic
  4. Logical
  5. Reality-based
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3
Q

What are the 4 qualities of irrational beliefs?

A
  1. Rigid
  2. Extreme
  3. Illogical
  4. Empirically inconsistent w/ reality
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4
Q

What are the some of the values inherent to REBT?

A
Self-interest and social interest
Self-responsibility
Tolerance of others
Flexible thinking
Acceptance of uncertainty
Risk-taking
Realistic expectations
High frustration tolerance
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5
Q

What is the stated aim of REBT?

A

To help people live longer, minimise their emotional distress and self-defeating behaviours, and live a more fulfilling and happier existence

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6
Q

What are the 3 core insights REBT seeks to impart?

A
  1. You mainly create your own emotional disturbances by irrational beliefs you tell yourself
  2. No matter when you started to disturb yourself, if you are upset today, you are still believing dogmatic irrational beliefs
  3. To eliminate anxiety etc, there is no way but work and practice
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7
Q

What is the ABCDE model in REBT?

A
Activating event
Beliefs
emotional Consequence
Disputation
new Emotional Effect
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8
Q

What are the 3 levels of belief in REBT?

A

Assessment (e.g., “I’ve lost the use of my left side”)
Expectation (e.g., “I should be able to use my left side”)
Evaluation (e.g., “It’s terrible that I can’t use my left side”)

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9
Q

What are 3 types of evaluation in beliefs in REBT?

A

Low frustration tolerance (e.g., “I can’t stand it”)
Self-downing (e.g., “I’m useless”)
Catastrophisation (e.g., “It’s the end of the world”)

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10
Q

What are some problems with the reliability and validity of REBT measures?

A

Questionable internal consistency (the Irrational Beliefs Inventory), not all Ellis factors represented (the Attitudes and Beliefs Scale - 2))

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11
Q

What is a difficulty in identifying irrational beliefs?

A

They require an activating event - they may not be apparent until a crisis.
Despite limitations, homework recording and therapy sessions are the best way to tap them.

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12
Q

What is a key component for each REBT session?

A

Setting goals and outcomes for each session.

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13
Q

How can you dispute at different levels of belief?

A

Assessment: “Have you lost the use of the left side of your body?”
Expectation: “Why must you have the use of it?”
Evaluation: “How awful is it really?”

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14
Q

What kinds of negative emotions does REBT distinguish between?

A

Healthy negative emotions (e.g., concern, remorse, “non-problematic anger”).

Unhealthy negative emotions –cause psychic pain and discomfort, lead to self-defeating behaviours, block goals, and perpetuate dysfunctional thinking.

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15
Q

If a client is depressed about being anxious, what would REBT call the depression?

A

A meta-emotional problem, or second order emotional distress

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16
Q

Both CBT and REBT are based on Ellis’ ABC model. What are some differences between the two?

A

CBT emphasises negative beliefs, REBT emphasises process of demandingness.
REBT more consistent w/ cognitive psychology, especially appraisal theory of emotions.

17
Q

Three types of acceptance in REBT?

A
  1. Unconditional self-acceptance
    - I am a fallible human being with good and bad points
  2. Unconditional other-acceptance
    - Other people will treat me unfairly. No reason they must treat me fairly. They’re worthy regardless.
  3. Unconditional life-acceptance
    - Life not always how you want. No reason it must be. Life never awful, always bearable.
18
Q

What is idea of a good person in REBT?

A

People do good or good things, they are not good or

bad themselves.