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OCR A level History > Rebellion and disorder under the Tudors > Flashcards

Rebellion and disorder under the Tudors Flashcards

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1
Q

What are the causes of Lovel’s Revolt (1486) ?

A

Dynastic - Lovel was a councillor for Richard III, and was a former Lord Chamberland

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2
Q

What is the nature of Lovel’s Revolt (1486) ?

A

Amins - Overthrow Henry, but they had no replacement

Leaders - Lovel and Stafford brothers

Size + Support - little support, only a few hundred, relatively short (1 month)

Organisation - little to none

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3
Q

What is the impact of Lovel’s Revolt (1486) ?

A

£2,000 bond imposed

Churches could no longer be used as a sanctuary for traitors/ rebels

Jasper Tudor pardoned the rebels

Lovel escaped and later returns

Humphry Stafford executed and Thomas Stafford pardoned

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4
Q

What are the causes of Lambert Simnel’s Rebellion (1486 - 87) ?

A

Dynastic - Simnel imitated the earl of Warwick + John De La Pole (Earl of Lincoln) also helped instigate the rebellion

Factional - Government

Resentment of Central Interference (Ireland) - Ireland wanted autonomy

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5
Q

What is the nature of Lambert Simnel’s Rebellion (1486 - 87) ?

A

Aims - overthrow Henry VII

Leaders - John de la Pole + Richard Symonds

Size + Support - 8,000 in total (2,000 merchants + 4,500 Irish curns), lacked English support, Battle of Stoke Field a ‘second Bosworth’ (3hr close battle)

Organisation - very well organised

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6
Q

What is the impact of Lambert Simnel’s Rebellion (1486 - 87) ?

A

John de la Pole was Killed + Simnel was made a kitchen boy

Many rebels were killed

Henry sent Poyning to crackdown on Ireland

Henry marries Elizabeth of York - uniting both roses (Lancaster + York)

Was very threatening - but not successful

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7
Q

What are the causes of Perkin Warbeck’s Rebellion (1491- 99) ?

A

Dynastic - Warbeck pretends to be Rickard of York - 1 of the princes in the Tower

European Politics - Lots of Europe wanted to subdue England

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8
Q

What is the nature of Perkin Warbeck’s Rebellion (1491- 99) ?

A

Aims - secure a Yorkist claim to the throne

Size + Support - 8,000 troops, lots of foreign backing, especially Margret of Burgundy his ‘aunt’

Organisation - not very organised

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9
Q

What is the impact of Perkin Warbeck’s Rebellion (1491- 99) ?

A

Threatened Arthurs marriage to Catherine of Aragon

Warbeck in the Tower of London (97), and executed (99)

Cost Henry £15,000 - £10 million today

Henry signed a treaty with Charles VIII (92) - he would stop supporting Britany only if France stopped supporting Warbeck

Henry created a large spy network

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10
Q

What are the causes of the Yorkshire Rebellion (1489) ?

A

Taxation - new tax was an additional burden in a poor area

Social - Yorkshire men thought Britany was not their concern

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11
Q

What is the nature of the Yorkshire Rebellion (1489) ?

A

Leaders - Robert Chamber + later John Egremont (no high officials)

Size + Support - 5,000 rebels (mostly peasants), no weapons/ resources, supported by the Earl of Northumberland

Organisation - not very organised (no manifesto or demands listed)

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12
Q

What is the impact of the Yorkshire Rebellion (1489) ?

A

No more efforts to collect Tax in Yorkshire

Some salutary executions - Chamber

Henry recognises North remains Yorkist in sentiment - he spends more time there

Established the Tudor council of the North

Low threat but relatively successful

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13
Q

What are the causes of the Cornish Rebellion (1497) ?

A

Taxation - rising of a subsidy for a war against Scotland ‘an irrelevant war’

Social - tin mining regulations + suspended the Stannaries’ (local Cornish government)

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14
Q

What is the nature of the Cornish Rebellion (1497) ?

A

Aims - no tax + increased Cornish Independence

Leaders - Michael an Gof, Thomas Flamank, a gentleman from Bodmin and Lord Audley (a minor noble)

Size + Support - 15,000 rebels , no support outside of Cornwall

Organisation - no professional army, were ill-equipped but very determined

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15
Q

What is the impact of the Cornish Rebellion (1497) ?

A

Battle of Blackheath - Henry had an army of 20,000

Leaders were executed

Cornish fined £15,000

Some success - no tax, but were fined

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16
Q

What are the causes of the Amicable Grant (1525) ?

A

Taxation - benevolence tax of £800,000 (1/6 to 1/10 on goods of the laity and clergy), for a war that was not very successful

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17
Q

What is the nature of the Amicable Grant (1525) ?

A

Geography - the home Counties (Kent, Wiltshire, East Anglia + Warwickshire) who were normally very loyal

Size - 10,000 at Lavenham

Leadership - locals below gentry

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18
Q

What is the impact of the Amicable Grant (1525) ?

A

Amicable Grant was dropped

Benevolence tax was never collected again

Weakened Wolsey’s position

Change in Foreign policy - Treaty of the More (1525)

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19
Q

What are the causes of the Silken Thomas Rebellion (1534) ?

A

Factional - Cromwell’s attempt at centralising policies in Ireland

Religion - the same year as the reformation

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20
Q

What is the nature of the Silken Thomas Rebellion (1534) ?

A

Aims - expel English administration, become the sole ruler of Ireland

Size - 1,000 men, they besieged Dublin but did not capture the capital

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21
Q

What is the impact of the Silken Thomas Rebellion (1534) ?

A

Cost £25,000 to supress

Delegated rule to a Direct rule - English Deputy

Anglicisation

Land Policies of Plantation and Surrender + Regrant

All these cause further rebellions

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22
Q

What are the causes of the Pilgrimage of Grace (1536) ?

A

Religion -
1) Dissolution of the monasteries
2) break from Rome
3) Change in doctrine - Ten Articles (1536)

Taxation

Bad Harvest

Thomas Cromwell

23
Q

What is the nature of the Pilgrimage of Grace (1536) ?

A

Geography - 3 phases
1) Lincolnshire - 15,000
2) Yorkshire + Lincolnshire - 30,000
3) Cumberland - 5,000

Size + Support - total 50,000, Duke of Northumberland brought cavalry, Northern peasants were militarised

Leadership - Lord Darcy, Lord Hussey (Nobles)

24
Q

What is the impact of the Pilgrimage of Grace (1536) ?

A

280 executions (including all noble leaders)

‘Reformation Reverse’ (bishops book reinstated all sacraments in 1537)

1539 -Act of Six Articles

Accelerated the closure of all monasteries

Council of the North

Mary Tudor reinstated into the Line of Succession (1544)

Cromwell executed (1540)

25
Q

What are the causes of the Western Rising (1549) ?

A

Religion - wanted to get rid of the English Service + Liturgy

Economic - topography of Devon + Cornwall’s soil = resentment of Somerset’s policy

26
Q

What is the nature of the Western Rising (1549) ?

A

Size + Support - 6-7,000 men, a little bit of gentry support (Sir Humphrey Arundell)

Time + Duration - 3 months long, at the same time as a minority, franco-scottish alliance, 25 counties rioting

Geography - distant, didn’t travel far

27
Q

What is the impact of the Western Rising (1549) ?

A

Political - the fall of Sommerset, replaced by John Dudley (Duke of Northumberland)

Foreign Policy - Treaties of Northam/ Bouloge

Religion - Northumberland goes full protestant, Book of common prayer (1552), Doctrine - 42 articles

28
Q

What are the causes of Ketts Rebellion (1549) ?

A

Enclosure - destroying fences and killing sheep in support of Sommerset’s policy (pro Government)

Religion - used prayer book throughout the rebellion, wanted the sacking of ministers who couldn’t preach in English

29
Q

What is the nature of Ketts Rebellion (1549) ?

A

Leadership - Robert Kett (a Norfolk yeoman), he had no military experience

Size + Support - 16,000 men (peasant force)

Geography - distant, don’t travel far

Time + Duration - 3 months long, at the same time as a minority, franco-scottish alliance, 25 counties rioting

30
Q

What is the impact of Ketts Rebellion (1549) ?

A

Political - the fall of Sommerset, replaced by John Dudley (Duke of Northumberland)

Foreign Policy - Treaties of Northam/ Bouloge

Religion - Northumberland goes full protestant, Book of common prayer (1552), Doctrine - 42 articles

31
Q

What are the causes of the Northumberland Plot (1553) ?

A

Religion - protect all changes that were made during the Protestant reformation (20 years of work undone)

Political - Factional + Dynastic (Guilford Dudley marries Lady Jane Grey while Edward was ill)

32
Q

What is the nature of the Northumberland Plot (1553) ?

A

Duration - lasted 9 days

Geography - within London (a coup d’etat)

Leadership - Northumberland’s leadership was naïve (he didn’t utilise his position)

33
Q

What is the impact of the Northumberland Plot (1553) ?

A

Execution of Northumberland

Ascension of Mary (a bloodless revolution)

34
Q

What are the causes of Wyatt’s Rebellion (1554) ?

A

Religion - repeal all religious legislation Henry + Edward introduced

Political - wanted to force and English marriage to Courtenay instead of Phillip of Spain

35
Q

What is the nature of Wyatt’s Rebellion (1554) ?

A

Aims - force a change in policy

Size + Support - Devon and Welsh borders aborted, 3,000 men, gained the support of London militia

Duration + Timing - 2 weeks in January

Geography - close proximity to London

Government response - Mary stayed in London and gave a big speech

36
Q

What is the impact of Wyatt’s Rebellion (1554) ?

A

Reprisal - burning of 280 protestants (not rebels) + the execution of Wyatt and Lady Jane Grey

Religion - Catholicism accelerated, Pope restored + monasteries restored

Marriage - married Phillip of Spain

37
Q

What are the causes of the Northern Earls Rising (1569) ?

A

Religious - Latin mass in Durham Cathedral, destroyed prayerbooks + adopted religious slogans, Markenfield + Morton wanted counter-reformation, Norton was a pilgrim in POG

Political - North lost Warden of Middle March, loss of copper mine money, in the rebels proclamation

38
Q

What is the nature of the Northern Earls Rising (1569) ?

A

Size + Support - 5,000 men, had noble support (brought resources + cavalry)

Leadership - Very poor

Geography - Durham, but they did capture Hartlepool (they could receive foreign aid)

Duration - 5 weeks

39
Q

What is the impact of the Northern Earls Rising (1569) ?

A

Ordered 700 executions

Council of the North - Earl of Huntington became president (a puritan), it confiscated catholic land

Religious policy

Treason Act

Foreign Policy - Papal Bull (Elizabeth is excommunicated + deposed

40
Q

What are the causes of Shane O’Neill’s Rebellion (1558 - 69)?

A

Plantation

Anglicisation

Surrender + regrant

Delegated to direct rule

Religion - O’Neill claimed to be defender of the faith (Catholicism)

41
Q

What is the nature of Shane O’Neill’s Rebellion (1558 - 69)?

A

Duration - very long

Size and Support - 6,000 men - requested 6,000 French troops

Leadership - O’Neill eventually murdered by rival Irish

Geography/ topography - Ireland was very divided, in Ulster, distant/ foreign invasion

42
Q

What is the impact of Shane O’Neill’s Rebellion (1558 - 69)?

A

Cost Elizabeth £250,000 to suppress

Elizabeth attains O’Neill’s land in Ulster, seizing extensive possessions, but suturing up future trouble with the Earl of Tyrone (a future rebellion)

43
Q

What are the causes of the Munster and Geraldine Rebellions (1569 - 83) ?

A

Resentment of central interference - resentment of English incomers seizing land

Religion - Fitzgerald an ardent support of the counter reformation

44
Q

What is the nature of the Munster and Geraldine Rebellions (1569 - 83) ?

A

Leaders - Earl of Desmond, James Fitzgerald

Duration - very long

Geography - distant / foreign invasion

Size + Support - 600 Spanish Troops

45
Q

What is the impact of the Munster and Geraldine Rebellions (1569 - 83) ?

A

Greys pacification - cattle slaughtered, 1580 harvest burned = raging famine

Destruction of the power of the Desmond’s

English ‘plantation’ of Munster

46
Q

What are the causes of Tyrone’s rebellion (1596 - 1603) ?

A

Resentment of central interference - Wanted a complete break from the Tudors - wanted himself as Irelands ruler

Religion - wrapped himself in religion appealing for Spanish + Papal help

47
Q

What is the nature of Tyrone’s rebellion (1596 - 1603) ?

A

Duration - very long (7 years)

Geography - no good maps, 25% was a bog- malarial land that allowed frequent ambushes

Size + Support - 1599-battle of the Yellow Ford - 800 soldiers killed, 3,400 Spanish troops

Government response - Robert Devereux with 17,000 men

48
Q

What is the impact of Tyrone’s rebellion (1596 - 1603) ?

A

Treaty of Mallifont

Tyrone gives up claim s to overlordship in Ulster in exchange for effective independence that proves so worthless he flees Ireland for good in 1607

Most officials are now English born, English common law applied to all Irish counties, but Ireland remains stubbornly catholic.

49
Q

What are the causes of the Oxfordshire Rebellion (1596) ?

A
50
Q

What is the nature of the Oxfordshire Rebellion (1596) ?

A
51
Q

What is the impact of the Oxfordshire Rebellion (1596) ?

A
52
Q

What are the causes of the Essex Rebellion (1601) ?

A
53
Q

What is the nature of the Essex Rebellion (1601) ?

A
54
Q

What is the impact of the Essex Rebellion (1601) ?

A

OCR A level History (1 decks)

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