Reason and Rationality

Question 1

what was the result of the grip of christianity

Answer 1

• god determinant of everything
• everything evidence of god’s will
• god will never be questioned
• everything explicable through scripture
• no existentialist questions permitted

Question 2

what is divine authority and divine rule

Answer 2

• monarchs chosen by god to rule

Question 3

what is the clergy

Answer 3

• priests and religious figures who are god’s representatives on earth

Question 4

what did michael foucalt say and write

Answer 4

discipline and punishment

analyzed the challenging of medieval authority or theocracy

Question 5

what is theocracy

Answer 5

authority given to one by god

• called out witches
• made a patriarchy

Question 6

what is the great chain of being

Answer 6

organizing principle used to make sense of the earth in medieval times
assumed a hierarchy in the world determined by god himself
human beings - animals - plants - inanimate objects
- god is transcendental

Question 7

who questioned GCB

Answer 7

Galileo , made out to be a heretic

Question 8

what are the challenges to theocracy

Answer 8

Rene Descartes
scientific revolution
religious reformation
philosophes

Question 9

what is cartesianism

Answer 9

Descartes
process of radical doubt or skepticism
doubt all previous knowledge he had accumulated
build a new foundation of knowledge
Archimedean point of knowledge
I THINK THEREFORE I AM
man replaces god as the source of knowledge

Question 10

what did Nietzsche say

Answer 10

God is dead
man replaces god as source of knowledge
man can now ask existentialist questions

Question 11

what is rationalism

Answer 11

no external source of knowledge is needed, man creates knowledge through own methodology

Question 12

what is the exclusionary nature of humans

Answer 12

reason and rationality was exclusively for white european males and excluded black people and women
this is why reason can never be universal as european history cannot be applied in all cases

Question 13

what is secularisation

Answer 13

Process of desubtantialisation of religious thoughts and structures
in public life. move away from religion

Question 14

what did rousseau say

Answer 14

the social contract
men are the source of legitimacy and authority
man is sovereign

Question 15

what did the process of secularisation need

Answer 15

1. new forms of authority

2. new forms of public thought

Question 16

what is the deceptiveness of secularization

Answer 16

Western reason is just Christianity made public/secularized and generalized.

Question 17

what happened when reason encountered the colonies

Answer 17

colonized deemed irrational

did not fit the chrisitan beliefs and norms

Question 18

who drew the boundaries of reason and rationality

Answer 18

europe

rationality is self interested

Question 19

what is the problem with rationality in africa

Answer 19

cannot explain spiritual side of life

Question 20

what is cartesian dualism

Answer 20

acceptance or distinction between mind and body
soul is the centre of a human
does not hold true for everyone
cannot explain other ways of living , thinking or belief

Question 21

why can’t reason and blackness exist together

Answer 21

Reason is a cultural speci􏰃c notion infused with Christian Values. Chris- tianity and Capitalism fuse together/reinforce each other.

Question 22

who was max weber

Answer 22

The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism,the protestant work ethic bolstered capitalism and made it possible to thrive(only through a particular set of religious values).

Question 23

what could replace reason in africa

Answer 23

cognising