reaserch methods

Question 1

what is the experimental method?

Answer 1

involves manipulation of an independent variable (IV) to measuere the effect on the dependat bariable (DV). experiments may be lab, field, natural or quasi

Question 2

what is the aim?

Answer 2

a general statement of what the reasercher intends to investigate, the purpose of the study.

Question 3

what is a hypothesis?

Answer 3

a clear, precise, testable statement that states the relationship between the variables to be investigate. stated at the outset of any study.

Question 4

directional vs non-directional hypothesis

Answer 4

directional: states the direction of the difference of the relationship (drinking cafeen will increace talkativeness)
non directional: does not state the direction of the difference or relationship (people who drink cafeen will differ in terms of levels of talkativeness)

Question 5

when would you use each hypothesis?

Answer 5

directional: when simmular reaserch already exists and would suggest a certain outcome
non-directional: when there is no previous evidence so you don’t have an idea what will happen

Question 6

what are Independent-variables and Dependent-variables

Answer 6

IV: variables that are changed by the experimenter so the effect of the DV can be measured
DV: the variable that is measured by the researcher

Question 7

what is operationalisation

Answer 7

clearly defining variable in terms of how they can be measured
e.g. using ml

Question 8

what is operationalisation

Answer 8

clearly defining variables in terms of how they can be measured
e.g. using ml

Question 9

what are extraneous variables

Answer 9

any variable other than the IV that may have an effect on the DV
e.g. age of ppt or lighting

Question 10

what are confounding variables

Answer 10

a type of Extraneous variable that varies systematically with the IV.
means you can’t tell if the IV of the CV changes the DV

Question 11

what are demand characteristsc