Realism (DNF) Flashcards
why is the industial revolution important in this artistic era? (19th century)
it brought railways, machinery and a rich new middle class
who was the Academy of Fine Art (Ecole des Beax-Arts)?
it was established by King Louis XIV in the 17th century
what was the Academy’s teachings like?
- firmly based on classical style
- drawing was considered the basis of all artistic practice and was taught through a series of repetitive exercises
what was the Academy’s subject matter (in order from levels 1-3)?
- History painting
- Literature and portraiture
- Landscape and outdoor settings artworks
what sort of topics were expected in the subject matter of Historic paintings?
- High-minded or heroic depictions of battles
- coronations
- religious themes
- mythology
- ancient history
what was the surface to be like for a painting according to the Academy?
was to be like polished enamel as the brushstrokes should always be fully blended and smoothed
what was the Salon?
it was like a gallary, and was held in large commercial halls, making it a grand social occasion.
why was the Salon famous?
As it was essential for aspiring artists, a carefully selected jury of artists, Academicians and important officials chose the work to be displayed. *They were famously picky
what innovations and inventions were made during this era?
- the collapsible tin painting tube
- small, folding easels
why were these inventions so important?
made outdoors sketching a lot easier for artists => **painting en plein air
how were the newly developed railway systems important?
made it easier to access the countryside or the coast => new subject matter
who are the Barbizon School of Painters?
they were one of the first groups to work outdoors
who was Jean-Francois Millet?
He was an artist that was one of the first to break the rules of the academy (subject matter wise)
describe Millet’s background
- He grew up on a farm (Cherbourg-Normandy)
- “I have never seen anything but fields since I was born”*
- Found that the Academy’s style of teaching/art didn’t suit him
- (continue points about him on his life with his family in France)
