Reagents With Organic Chem

Question 1

Elimination of an alcohol gives what product, using what reagent

Answer 1

Reagent =Concentrated acid e.g. H2SO4, H+

Product = alkene

Question 2

Hydration of an alkene forms
what product,
using what reagent

Answer 2

Product=alcohol

Reagent= dilute acid (H2SO4 + H2O ; H3O+)

Question 3

How do we ensure halohydrin formation instead of dihalogenation?
Which 2 reagents allows this?

Answer 3

NBS (N-Bromo succinimide) and water

Same time

Question 4

What 4 metal catalysts do we use in hydrogenation and they are often with carbon

Answer 4

Pd, Pt, Ni, Fe

Question 5

Which catalyst with H2 on reacts with alkynes .

It is therefore called……

Answer 5

Lindlar

Chemoselective

Question 6

Sn1 reaction only work with what alcohols

Answer 6

3°

Question 7

What 2 reagents dont go through carbocation to form halogenoalkanes from alcohols

Answer 7

1. SOCl2 (thionyl chloride)

2. PBr3 (phosphorus tribromide)

Question 8

What are 2 ways to make carbonyl compounds

Answer 8

1. Oxidation of 1° and 2° alcohols

2. From ozonolysis of alkenes

Question 9

What reagent can be used by both

1° alcohol to form an aldehyde

and
2° alcohols to form a ketone

Answer 9

PCC , THF (together)

Question 10

What reagent can only be used by 2° alcohols to form an aldehyde

Answer 10

Jones reagent with water

CrO3, H2SO4 and H2O same time

Question 11

If you added Jones reagent to a 1° alcohol what would you get instead of a carbonyl

Answer 11

A carboxylic acid

Question 12

What are the 5 reactions of aldehydes and ketones and their products

Answer 12

1. Grignard reactions = alcohol
2. Acetal formation = acetal
3. Imine formation= imine
4. Reduction = alcohol
5. Cyanohydrin formation= cyanohydrin formation

Question 13

What do you have to add to a halogenoalkane to form a grignard reagent

Answer 13

Mg and THF

Question 14

What do you have to add to a carbonyl group to get an imine (2)

Answer 14

1° anine and H3O+ at same time

Question 15

What are our 2 reducing agents for carbonyl compounds to form alcohols

Answer 15

1. LiAlH4 (LAH) lithium diminium hydride

2. NaBH4 sodium borohydride

Question 16

What 2 reagents do we need to get a cyanohydrin from a carboxylic acid

Answer 16

NaCN and HCN together st same time

Question 17

What 2 reagents do we have to add to a carbonyl group to get an acetal

Answer 17

ROH and H3O+

Question 18

What are the 3 ways of making carboxylic acids

Answer 18

1. Oxidation of a 1° alcohol using Jones reagent CrO3, H2SO4 with H2O
2. Grignard reagent + CO2
3. Hydrolysis of carboxylic acid derivatives using either
   - H2SO4, H2O
   Or
   -NaOH, H20

Question 19

What are th 5 derivatives of carboxylic acids

Answer 19

1. Acid or Acyl chloride
2. Acid anhydride
3. Nitrile
4. Amide
5. Ester

Question 20

What are 2 ways to synthesize esters using carboxylic acids

Answer 20

1. Fischer esterification (add an alcohol)

2. SN2 reaction with an alkyl halide (halogenoalkane )