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Chemistry A level Edexcel > Reagents and Conditions > Flashcards

Reagents and Conditions Flashcards

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1
Q

Alkane to CO2, H2O + energy

A

O2, ignition, RTP

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2
Q

Alkane to Halogenoalkane

A

X2, UV light

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3
Q

Alkene to Halogenoalkane

A

HX(g) or conc., RTP

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4
Q

Alkene to Dihalogenoalkane

A

X2, RTP

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5
Q

Alkene to Alkane

A

H2, Nickel catalyst, 150°C

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6
Q

Alkene to Diol

A

KMnO4, acidic/alkaline, RTP

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7
Q

Alkene to Polymer

A

Organic peroxide initiator, high temp. and pressure

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8
Q

Alkene to Hydroxyhalide

A

Br2(aq), RTP

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9
Q

Alkene to Alcohol

A

Steam, H3PO4 catalyst, 170° C

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10
Q

Halogenoalkane to Alkene

A

KOH/NaOH, ethanol solution, HUR

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11
Q

Halogenoalkane to Alcohol

A

KOH/NaOH, HUR

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12
Q

Halogenoalkane to Amine

A

conc. NH3, ethanol, heat in a sealed tube

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13
Q

Halogenoalkane to Nitrile

A

KCN, ethanol, HUR

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14
Q

Alcohol to Halogenoalkane

A

PCl5/PBr3/red phosphorus+iodine (makes PI3 in situ), RTP

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15
Q

Alcohol to Ketone

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, HUR

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16
Q

Alcohol to Aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, distill off as formed

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17
Q

Alcohol to Carboxylic Acid

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, HUR

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18
Q

Alcohol to Ester

A

Carboxylic acid, conc. H2SO4, HUR

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19
Q

Aldehyde to Alcohol

A

LiAlH4, dry ether, HUR

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20
Q

Aldehyde/Ketone to Iodoform (Carbonyl test)

A

I2, NaOH, warm

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21
Q

Aldehyde to Bright Orange Solid (Carbonyl test)

A

Brady’s/2,4-DNP, RTP/warm

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22
Q

Aldehyde to Hydroxynitrile

A

KCN, H2SO4(aq), RTP

23
Q

Aldehyde to Brick red precipitate (Aldehyde test)

A

Fehling’s/Benedict’s solution, warm

24
Q

Aldehyde to Silver mirror (Aldehyde test)

A

Tollen’s reagent (AgNO3+NH3), warm

25
Q

Aldehyde to Carboxylic Acid

A

K2Cr2O7, H2SO4, HUR

26
Q

Carboxylic Acid to Alcohol

A

LiAlH4, dry ether, HUR

27
Q

a. Carboxylic Acid to Sodium Carboxylate Salt (test for Carboxylic acid)

A

Na2CO3, RTP

28
Q

b. Carboxylic Acid to Sodium Carboxylate Salt (test for Carboxylic acid)

A

NaHCO3, RTP

29
Q

Carboxylic acid to Acyl Chloride

A

PCl5, RTP

30
Q

Ester to Other Ester

A

R’‘OH/R’COOH

31
Q

Carboxylic Acid to Ester

A

Alcohol, conc. H2SO4 catalyst, HUR/warm

32
Q

Ester to Sodium Carboxylate Salt

A

NaOH(aq), HUR

33
Q

Ester to Alcohol

A

HCl(aq)/NaOH(aq), HUR

34
Q

Acyl Chloride to Ester

A

R’ROH, RTP

35
Q

Acyl Chloride to Carboxylic Acid

A

H2O, RTP

36
Q

Acyl Chloride to 1° Amide

A

NH3(aq), RTP

37
Q

Acyl Chloride to 2° Amide

A

Amine, RTP

38
Q

Acyl Chloride to 3° Amide

A

2° Amine, RTP

39
Q

1° Amide to Carboxylic Acid

A

HCl(aq), HUR

40
Q

Amine to 2° or 3° Amide

A

Acyl Chloride, RTP

41
Q

Amine to Copper Complex ion

A

[Cu(H2O)6]2+ (aq), RTP

42
Q

Amine to Salts

A

H2O or HCl(aq), RTP

43
Q

Amine to 2°, 3°, 4° Amine

A

R-Cl, ethanol, heat in a sealed tube

44
Q

Nitrile to Carboxylic Acid

A

HCl(aq), HUR

45
Q

Nitrile to Amine

A

LiAlH4, dry ether, HUR

46
Q

Dioic Acid/Diacylchloride to Polyamide

A

Diamine

47
Q

Dioic Acid/Diacylchloride to Polyester

A

Diol

48
Q

Halogenoalkane to Grignard Reagent

A

Mg, dry ether, HUR

49
Q

Grignard Reagent to 1° Alcohol

A

Methanal, HCl(aq)

50
Q

Grignard Reagent to 2° Alcohol

A

Other aldehydes, HCl(aq)

51
Q

Grignard Reagent to 3° Alcohol

A

CO2(s), HCl(aq)

52
Q

Ester to Carboxylic Acid

A

HCl(aq), HUR

53
Q

Alcohol to Alkene

A

H3PO4 reflux 180°C

Chemistry A level Edexcel (6 decks)

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