Reagents

Question 1

HCl or HBr to an alkene

Answer 1

addition of an acid to an alkene- the halogen is added Markovnikov

Question 2

addtion of a halogen Cl or Br

Answer 2

the Br and Br or Cl and Cl is added and breaks the double bond- Br is added syn

Question 3

Hg(OAc)2, H2O/ NaBH4

Answer 3

addition of water- oxymercuration demurcuration

added markovnikov, nonstereospecific

Question 4

BH3, THF/ H2O2, OH-

Answer 4

addition of water- hydroboration oxidation

added non markovnikov

Question 5

CHCl3/ KOH

Answer 5

addition of a carbene to an alkene

this is stereospecific

Question 6

H2/ Pd. to an alkene

Answer 6

halogenation

H’s are added syn

Question 7

Br2/ H2O

Answer 7

epoxidation

via a halohydrin

Question 8

RCOOOH to an alkene

Answer 8

epoxidation via peroxyacid

Question 9

OsO4, pyr./ NaHSO3 (aq)

Answer 9

adding OH to a double bond- syn addition of OH

Question 10

RCOOOH to a double bond

Answer 10

add OH trans

Question 11

O3/ Zn, H+

Answer 11

ozonolysis of alkenes

Question 12

KMnO4/ H+

Answer 12

cleaving a double bond- producing a carboxylic acid and CO2

Question 13

OsO4, pyr./ NaHSO3

Answer 13

oxidation of glycols

Question 14

adding H2 to a triple bond

Answer 14

add 2 molar equivalents

to reduce the bond to an alkane

Question 15

H2/ lindlar’s catalyst

Answer 15

add this to a triple bond to get a CIS alkene

Question 16

Na or Li/ NH3

Answer 16

add this to a triple bond to get a TRANS alkene

Question 17

addition of a halogen to a triple bond

Answer 17

addition is anti

first product is trans

Question 18

addition of an acid to a triple bond

Answer 18

add Cl or Br part of the acid markovnikov

Question 19

H2O, H2SO4, HgSO4

Answer 19

oxymercuration demercuration to a triple bond to make a terminal alkyne
(addition of water)

Question 20

1. B2H6, THF

2. H2O2, OH- (aq)

Answer 20

hydroboration oxidation
addition of water
yields a terminal alkyne

Question 21

how do you add a halogen to an alcohol?

Answer 21

PBr3 or SOCl2

Question 22

4 ways to prepare alkyl halids

Answer 22

from alcohols, from alkenes (addition of HBr), from alkenes by radical halogenation, from alkenes by allylic bromination

Question 23

NBS

Answer 23

allylic bromination

Question 24

Mg + Br

Answer 24

creation of a Grignard
used to form an alcohol
water will eliminate a Grignard

Question 25

2RLi+ CuI

Answer 25

gilman reagent

Question 26

NaNH2

Answer 26

a base that will deprotonate a terminal hydrogen - you can add something once there is a negative charge there it will act as the nucleophile