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Orgo 2 > Reagents > Flashcards

Reagents Flashcards

1
Q

LiAlH4

A

Very strong reducing agent
Turns aldehydes and ketones to alcohols
Can also reduce carbonyl (C=O)

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2
Q

Lindlar and H2

A

Weak reducing agent that converts alkynes to cis alkenes

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3
Q

Na/NH3

A

Weak reducing agent that converts alkynes to trans alkenes

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4
Q

H2/Raney Ni

A

Strong reducing agent that can reduce aromatic rings

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5
Q

Pd/ C

A

Reducing agent
Turns alkynes and alkenes to alkanes
Can also reduce aromatic with added pressure and high temp
Pt/C does same thing

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6
Q

Br2/FeBr3

A

EAS Bromination

Also works with chlorine

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7
Q

CCl4

A

Non polar solvent

Often used with Br to add Br’s across the double bond of alkenes

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8
Q

CrO3

A

Oxidizing agent

Converts alkyl groups to carboxyl groups on aromatic compounds

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9
Q

Cr (VI)

A

Converts secondary alcohols into ketones or carboxylic acids under mild/intense conditions
Turns primary alcohols to aldehydes

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10
Q

HBr/HCl

A

Adds to alkenes and or alkynes in markovnikov fashion

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11
Q

H2CrO4

A

Strong alcohol oxidant
With primary alcohols and aldehydes it turns them into COOH
Secondary alcohol is turned into ketone

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12
Q

Hg(OAc)2

A

Oxymercuration demercuration
Reduction
Often paired with NaBH4 and or H2SO4

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13
Q

HNO3

A

EAS Nitration

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14
Q

BH3

A

Paired with H2O2 (ROOR) and NaOH

Gives Anti markovnikov product

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15
Q

K2Cr2O7

A

Oxidizes alkenes alcohols aldehydes and alkanes

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16
Q

KOH

A

Strong base

NaOH, NaNh2 are another strong bases

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17
Q

KOtBu

A

Bulky base used in elimination

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18
Q

MnO2

A

Oxidation of allylic and or benzyllic alcohols to ketones and aldehydes

19
Q

N3

A

Great nucleophile

CN and KCN is also another example

20
Q

Na2Cr2O7

A

Strong alcohol oxidant alcohol to ketones or aldehydes

21
Q

NBS

A

Allylic and or benzyllic Bromination

22
Q

PCC

A

Oxidizing agent for alcohols
Primary to aldehydes
Secondary to ketones
Does not oxidize aldehydes to COOH

23
Q

Pyridine

A

Weak base

24
Q

Ag2O

A

Tollens reaction

Turns aldehydes to COOH

25
Q

BF3

A

Common Lewis acid used to form thioacetals from ketones

26
Q

Nh2nh2
KOH and heat
Glycol

A

W-K

27
Q

CuBr

A

Brominates aromatic ring

28
Q

CuCN

A

Adds Cn to aromatic ring

29
Q

CuCl

A

Chlorinates aromatic ring

30
Q

DCC

A

Reduces COOH and amines

31
Q

DIBAL

A

Reduces esters and nitriles

32
Q

LiAl(OtBu)3

A

Reducing agent for acid chlorides to give aldehydes

33
Q

NaNO2/ HCl

A

Converts primary amines to diazonium

34
Q

P2O5

A

Used to convert COOH to anhydrides and convert nitriles into amides

35
Q

PCl3 or PCl5

A

Converts alcohols to acid chlorides and COOH to acid chlorides

36
Q

Sn

A

Converts No2 (nitro groups) into amines

37
Q

HSO3 and fuming h2so4

A

Sulfonation EAS

Adds so3h to aromatic ring

38
Q

SoCl2 or SoBr2

A

Converts alcohols/COOH to alkynes/acyl chlorides

39
Q

Zn/Hg and HCl

A

Clemmensen reduction

40
Q

Diazomethane

A

Forms methyl esters from COOH

41
Q

LDA

A

Strong bulky base

Often used to create an irreversible enolate to do direct alkylation

42
Q

NaBH4

A

Reduces aldehydes to primary alcohol and ketones to secondary alcohol

43
Q

NaCN

A

Nucleophile used to generate nitriles

44
Q

PBr3

A

HVZ Reagent

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