Readings: Controls on Coastal Development Flashcards
what are primary coasts
Primary coasts are those that have been
shaped primarily by terrestrial agents and and are subdivided into land erosion
coasts (rias, fjords, etc.), subaerial deposition coasts (deltas and alluvial plains, glacial deposition, etc.), volcanic coasts, and tectonic coasts (faulted and folded coasts).
what are secondary coasts
Secondary coasts are
those in which wave action and other coastal processes are the dominant control on the form of the coast and these are subdivided into wave
erosion coasts, marine deposition coasts (barriers, salt marsh, etc.), and coasts built by organisms (coral coasts, mangrove coasts).
what is a collision coast
continental margin, characterised by cliffed shorelines, narrow
coastal plains and deep ocean trenches,
with high mountains just inland and island arc collision coasts
What is a trailing edge coast
neo-trailing edge
formed near the beginning of plate separation, with wide
continental shelf and large rivers draining
the interior of the continent
What is a marginal sea coast
coasts fronting on marginal seas and protected from the open ocean
List physical factors of the sea affecting coastal development
- Eustatic sea level change
- glacial eustacy; geoidal changes
- Wave climate
- Water body size,
- orientation of the coast,
- wind and storm climatology
- Tides
- Tidal range, tidal type, tidal currents
- Ice effects shorefast ice, winter ice cover
- Local erosion and deposition
- coastal erosion, transport and deposition processes
List physical factors of the land affecting coastal development
- Geological structure
- Plate tectonics,
- mountain ranges,
- continental shelf width,
- relief
- Local geology
- Local structure,
- rock type
- Geomorphic processes
- River valleys, deltas, sediment supply
- Isostatic sea level change
- tectonic isostacy, glacial isostacy
List biological factors affecting coastal development
- mangroves,
- saltmarshes
- coral
- reefs,
- sea grass beds,
- coastal dune vegetation
