Readings Flashcards
smog
smoke or other atmospheric pollutants combined with fog in an unhealthy or irritating mixture
poise
n: steadiness; stability: intellectual poise.
v: balance evenly
v: to hover, as a bird in the air
decompose
تجزيه شدن، از هم پاشيدن، وا رفتن
irritation
ازردگى، تحريك, discomfort
disorder
نابسامانى، بى نظمى، ناهنجارى
etiology
سبب شناسى
controversial
بحث برانگيز، مورد بحث
parasitic
انگلى
umbrageous
سايه دار، پر سايه
stem
ساقه
axis, branch
haustoria
plural of haustorium
the penetrating feeding organ of certain parasites.
flourish
گل دادن، شكفتن
vine
any plant having a long, slender stem that trails or creeps on the ground or climbs by winding itself about a support or holding fast with tendrils or claspers.
the stem of any such plant.
a grape plant.
bloom
شكوفه
ponderous
heavy, burdensome, massive, bulky
embark on
begin, start
repudiate
abandon, deny, defect, decline
tenacious
strong, unyielding
سرسخت، مقاوم
protagonist
hero, lead character
ethical
moral, righteous
اخلاقى
endure
bear hardship
تاب آوردن، پايستن
confer
اهدا كردن، اعطاكردن
congergate
گرد آمدن، جمع شدن
hive
كندو