Reading Quiz 2 Flashcards
Acid
Molecule that donates hydrogen ions and increases the concentration of hydrogen ions in a solution
Base
Molecule that donates hydroxide ions or otherwise bonds excess hydrogen ions and decreases the hydrogen ions concentration in a solution
Cation
Positive ion that is formed by an atom losing one or more electrons
Anion
Negative ion that is formed by an atom gaining one or more electrons
Chemical bond
Interaction between two or more of the same or different atoms that results in forming molecules
Electronegativity
Ability of some elements to attract electrons (often of hydrogen atoms) acquiring partial negative charges in molecules and creating partial positive charges
Hydrogen bond
Weak bond between slightly positively charged hydrogen atoms and slightly negatively charged atoms in other molecules
Polar covalent bond
Type of covalent bond that forms as a result of unequal electron sharing resulting in creating slightly positive and negative charged molecule regions
Van der waals interaction
Very weak interaction between molecules do to temporary charges attracting atoms that are very close together
Each carbon atom can bond with as many as_____ Other atoms or molecules
4
Which of the following statements is true?
1. Acids and bases will neutralize each other
2. Acids but not bases can change the pH of a solution
3. acids and bases cannot mix together
4. Acids donate hydroxide (OH) ions bases it donate hydrogen (H) ions
Acids and bases will neutralize each other
Which type of bond represents a weak chemical bond
Hydrogen bond
If xenon has an atomic number of 54 and a mass number of 108 how many neutrons does xenon have?
54
Adhesion
Attraction between water molecules and other molecules
Atomic number
Total number of protons in an atom
Cohesion
Intermolecular forces between water molecules caused by the polar nature of water ; responsible for surface tension
Electron
Negatively charged subatomic particle that resides outside of the nucleus in the electron orbital lacks functional mass and has a negative charge of -1 unit
Electron orbital
How electrons are spatially distributed surrounding the nucleus the area where we are most likely to find an electron
Hydrocarbon
Molecule that consists only of carbon and hydrogen
Hydrophilic
Describes ions or polar molecules that interact well with other polar molecules such as water
Hydrophobic
Describes uncharged nonpolar molecules that do not interact well with polar molecules such as water
Neutron
Uncharged particle that resides in the atoms nucleus has a mass of 1 AMU
