Reading Endorsement Flashcards
Internal validity
How well study is conducted
External validity
How applicable to real world
Reliability
Consistency
BF Skinner, Edward Thorndike, John Watson
Behaviorists, learn from stimuli/reinforcers
Jean Piaget
Stages of cognitive development
Lev Vygotsky
ZPD, social interaction
Frank Smith
Whole language
Louise Rosenblatt
Constructivism, transaction between reader and text, metacognition, KWL
Noam Chomsky
Universal grammar—language as instinct
Third person objective
Narrator detached telling only action/dialogue
Third person limited
Narrator tells from viewpoint of one character in story
Diagnostic assessment
Pre-assessment
Criterion-referenced
Compare to standards
Norm-referenced
Estimate position within population on certain skill
Screening assessment
Place kids in right classroom/grade
How to best assess ELLs
Oral assessment
IRI
Informal Reading Inventory, individually administered diagnostic, answers questions on passages
Syntactic
Mechanics of writing (spelling, grammar)
Semantic
Ideas/content/meaning
Basal reading
Leveled reading books like Dick and Jane
Shared reading
Teacher/students share reading process
SQ3R
Survey, Question, Read, Recite, Review
QAR
Question Answer Relationship, students ask and answer, classify four types of questions
Pragmatics
Social norms or situations of language
Syntactic cues
Using rules/patterns of language to accurately read a word
Graphophonic cues
Decoding, sound it oit
Pre-alphabetic
Memorize pictures, guess
Partial-alphabetic
Recognize letters to remember words
Full-alphabetic
Decode unfamiliar, sight words
Consolidated-alphabetic
Consolidate knowledge of sounds into larger recurring units
Stanine
Scales score based on nine point scale to group and compare performers
