Reading Body Building Biome Flashcards
Irina Aristarkhova
associate professor of women’s studies and visual art at Pennsylvania State University
Hospitality of the Matrix: Philosophy, Biomedicine, and Culture, Columbia University Press, 2012
She edited and contributed to the volume Woman Does Not Exist: Contemporary Studies of Sexual Difference
Russian translation of Luce Irigaray’s An Ethics of Sexual Difference.
Hospitality of the Matrix: Philosophy, Biomedicine, and Culture
2012, Irina Aristarkhova
- reorients question of ‘matrix’ as ‘nutrix’ (nurtures) & coopts plato’s idea of cave as wet-nurse, chora/matrix as womb, as origin of all becoming –> artificial matrices
- matrixial/maternal hospitality, mothers/machines
- problematises feministic and medical literature about ectogenesis (control & ownership fetus, womb as dangerous place, relieving women, maternal ownership) –> phantasy of self generation, speaking for women
- multidisciplinary positioning of women as chicken and embryo as egg (focus on temperature in incubators) forgetting viviparity & congealment of mother & fetus
- Ectogenesis ( genesis outside of body: artificial womb, neonatal incubators g) - “Can the machine nurse?”
- mothering as communal- ‘we are pregnant’, trans male pregnancy, masculinity, ‘hospitable man’
- ‘nursing’ (neonatal)nurse is absent in discussions around mothers and machines, but crucial part of incubation, assemblage of practices. needs to be decoupled from matrixial as a default condition of abstract, essential femininity
Mark Wigley
architect, author, Dean of Columbia University’s Graduate School of Architecture (2004-2014)
Wigley curated the exhibition Deconstructivist Architecture at The Museum of Modern Art, volume magazine with Rem Koolhaas
Network Fever
Mark Wigley, 2001, Grey Room
- laments self congratulatory discussion of network as ‘new territory’ and reminds of currency in historic discourses of the CIAM 20 (traffic), 50s( cybernetics), 60s 70s (even 19th century?)
- Buckminster Fuller using communication networks as model for architecture since 1920s, Marshall McLuhan, Jaqueline Tyrwhitt
- Greek symposium organised by Constantinos Doxiadis 1962- everything is subjected to logic of network : invisible networks, traffic, for urban design and
- Eristics publication in exchange with Delos symposium
Bracha Lichtenberg Ettinger
Israeli-born French; painter and theorist; practicing psychoanalyst, senior clinical psychologist – French feminism, cultural theory,
‘The Matrixial Theory of Trans-subjectivity’, concepts
- The Matrixial Gaze (1995)
- Matrix and Metramorphosis (1992)
M.A. in Clinical Psychology,
art: light, space, tragedy of war, abstraction, spiritual concerns like Hilm af Klint and Agnes Martin
Ettinger’s art analysed Chris Deacon, Bourriaud, Griselda Pollock’s Encounters in the Virtual Feminist Museum etc
The Matrixial Gaze
-Bracha L. Ettinger, 1995, feminist theory ‘matrixial logic’
-The matrixial gaze uses the matrix to counter Lacan’s phallic gaze. Similar to Lacan’s formulation, which is a metaphorical reference to anatomy to discuss symbolic masculine power, the matrix is a metaphorical reference to the uterus in order to discuss relationality.
This shift was “not just to exchange an organ (penis) and its image for another (womb), but to conceive of an alternative to the phallus in terms of structure, mechanism, functions, logic”
- examines Emmanuel Levinas, “Object-relations” theory and Gilles Deleuze/Félix Guattari and also critiques them, reformulating subject and feminine difference
- influenced discussions of subjectivity as encounter, the matrixial gaze, matrixial time, matrixial space, co-poiesis, borderlinking, borderspacing, co-emergence in differentiating and differentiating, transconnectivity, matrixial com-passion, primary compassion, compassionate hospitality, wit(h)nessing, co-fading, severality, matrixial transformational potentiality, archaic m/Other
w(h)itnessing
Brachia L. Ettinger
repairing trauma through ‘wit(h)nessing’, a shared witnessing that is done with and beside the other
contribution to the advancement of our understanding of the mother/maternal no longer as the Other subordinate to the Paternal but as a space of symbolic, ethical, and aesthetic production, and of mother-daughter relations no longer as conflict and loss of self but as a foundational space of empowering and life-giving transsubjectivity; the far-reaching impact of historical and social traumas on formative traumas and family bonds; and the power of art to repair trauma.
Constantinos Doxiadis
Greek architect, town planner 1913 – 1975
lead architect of Islamabad, father of Ekistics, large scale town planning
- ‘Delos Symposium’ Greece / boat (Fuller, McLuhan)
- World Society of Ekistics (discontinued, forgotten)
- his Computer Centre (UNIVAC-DACC) was at the cutting edge of the computer technology
shifting eco forces not allow full implementation of his plans. The plan for Islamabad, separates cars and people, allows easy and affordable access to public transport and utilities and permits low cost gradual expansion and growth without losing the human scale of his “communities
Ekistics
concerns the science of human settlements
As a scientific mode of study, ekistics currently relies on statistics and description, organized in five ekistic elements or principles: nature, anthropos, society, shells, and networks.
The notion of ekistics implies that understanding the interaction between and within human groups—infrastructure, agriculture, shelter, function (job) – in conjunction with their environment directly affects their well-being (individual and collective)
The notion of ekistics implies that understanding the interaction between and within human groups—infrastructure, agriculture, shelter, function (job) – in conjunction with their environment directly affects their well-being (individual and collective)
Sophia Roosth
ssociate Professor in the Department of the History of Science at Harvard University
Synthetic: How Life Got Made (2017)
– what happens to “life” as a conceptual category when experimentation and fabrication converge. Grounded in an ethnographic study of synthetic biologists, she documents the profound shifts biology has undergone in the post-genomic ag
phylogenetic tree
A phylogenetic tree or evolutionary tree is a branching diagram or “tree” showing the evolutionary relationships among various biological species or other entities—their phylogeny —based upon similarities and differences in their physical or genetic characteristics
post genomic era
In genomics, the postgenomic era - time period from after the completion of the Human Genome Project
It is defined by the widespread availability of both the human genome sequence and of the complete genomes of many reference organisms.
The postgenomic era is characterized by a paradigm shift in which new genetic research has upended many dogmas about the way in which genes influence phenotypes, and the way in which the term “gene” itself is defined.
Viviparity
retention and growth of the fertilized egg within the maternal body until the young animal, as a larva or newborn, is capable of independent existence.
The Human Genome Project
The Human Genome Project (HGP) was an international scientific research project with the goal of determining the sequence of nucleotide base pairs that make up human DNA, and of identifying and mapping all of the genes of the human genome from both a physical and a functional standpoint.
It remains the world’s largest collaborative biological project.
After the idea was picked up in 1984 by the US government when the planning started, the project formally launched in 1990 and was declared complete on April 14, 2003.
The Human Genome Project originally aimed to map the nucleotides contained in a human haploid reference genome (more than three billion). The “genome” of any given individual is unique; mapping the “human genome” involved sequencing a small number of individuals and then assembling these together to get a complete sequence for each chromosome. Therefore, the finished human genome is a mosaic, not representing any one individual.
xenofeminism
Helen Hester
In an era of accelerating technology and increasing complexity, how should we reimagine the emancipatory potential of feminism? How should gender politics be reconfigured in a world being transformed by automation, globalization and the digital revolution?
