Reading 4

Question 1

What is one reason for the public’s opposition to carbon taxation, according to the authors?
A. Lack of awareness about climate change
B. Disagreement on the distribution of costs
C. Belief in the effectiveness of other policies
D. Altruism towards poorer households

Answer 1

B. Disagreement on the distribution of costs

Question 2

Which of the following correctly describes the general public’s perception of carbon taxes according to the survey?
A. Most believe it will benefit low-income households
B. Most agree it is effective in reducing emissions
C. A majority think they will lose financially from it
D. 50% of the population supports the reform

Answer 2

C. A majority think they will lose financ

Question 3

What percentage of people surveyed in France approved the carbon tax and dividend proposal?
A. 50%
B. 10%
C. 30%
D. 70%

Answer 3

B. 10%

Question 4

According to the survey, what is a common belief about the impact of carbon taxation on low-income households?
A. 50% think it benefits low-income households
B. 20% think it benefits low-income households
C. 70% think it benefits low-income households
D. The majority believe the carbon tax would be regressive

Answer 4

B. 20% think it benefits low-income households

Question 5

What factor does the study identify as crucial for increasing acceptance of a carbon tax policy?
A. More information about scientific consensus
B. Tax cuts for high-income earners
C. Providing subsidies for electric vehicles
D. Lowering the tax rate

Answer 5

A. More information about scientific consensus

Question 6

What method did the study use to determine how beliefs influence support for carbon taxation?
A. Surveys and interviews
B. Regression discontinuity design
C. Focus group discussions
D. Longitudinal study

Answer 6

B. Regression discontinuity design

Question 7

In France, which movement strongly opposed the carbon tax increase and led to its abandonment in 2018?
A. Green Peace Movement
B. Farmers’ Union
C. Yellow Vests Movement
D. Paris Accord Supporters

Answer 7

C. Yellow Vests Movement

Question 8

Which of the following is a policy recommendation from the study to increase public support for carbon taxation?
A. Increasing taxes on fossil fuels without any redistribution
B. Implementing public investments and infrastructure development
C. Cutting subsidies for renewable energy
D. Reducing public transport funding

Answer 8

B. Implementing public investments and infrastructure development

Question 9

According to the authors, what is one of the main psychological barriers to supporting a carbon tax?
A. Ignorance of environmental issues
B. A belief that the policy is regressive
C. Misunderstanding the purpose of carbon taxes
D. Lack of trust in government

Answer 9

B. A belief that the policy is regressive

Question 10

What was the proposed carbon tax rate discussed in the survey?
A. €20/tCO2
B. €50/tCO2
C. €75/tCO2
D. €100/tCO2

Answer 10

B. €50/tCO2

Question 11

Which of the following findings did the survey reveal about public opinion on carbon taxation?
A. Most people believe it will have a positive environmental impact.
B. Acceptance of the policy is influenced by perceived financial benefits.
C. Public awareness of climate change is low.
D. Only the wealthy support carbon taxes.

Answer 11

B. Acceptance of the policy is influenced by perceived financial benefits.

Question 12

How do the authors describe the reaction of public opinion to the carbon tax proposal?
A. Stable and predictable
B. Volatile and reactive to current events
C. Uniform across all demographics
D. Positive after information campaigns

Answer 12

B. Volatile and reactive to current events

Question 13

What is suggested as a primary way to improve understanding and support for carbon taxation?
A. Reducing the tax rate
B. Launching an information campaign
C. Increasing fines for pollution
D. Subsidizing fossil fuel use

Answer 13

B. Launching an information campaign

Question 14

What do the authors suggest about the relationship between beliefs and public opinion regarding carbon tax?
A. Beliefs are irrelevant to public opinion
B. Public opinion shapes beliefs, but not vice versa
C. Beliefs about personal financial impact affect public opinion
D. Public opinion is more important than beliefs

Answer 14

C. Beliefs about personal financial impact affect public opinion

Question 15

Which of the following policies do the majority of French respondents favor over carbon taxes?
A. Increased taxes on wealth
B. Direct regulations and subsidies
C. Fossil fuel extraction subsidies
D. Lowering carbon emissions through market mechanisms

Answer 15

B. Direct regulations and subsidies

Question 16

What does the term “carbon tax and dividend” refer to in the context of the study?
A. A policy that taxes carbon emissions and redistributes the revenue to citizens
B. A tax applied solely to corporations
C. A penalty for failing to meet emission targets
D. An incentive for renewable energy investment

Answer 16

A. A policy that taxes carbon emissions and redistributes the revenue to citizens

Question 17

What percentage of respondents believed the carbon tax would be effective in reducing emissions?
A. 17%
B. 20%
C. 50%
D. 70%

Answer 17

A. 17%

Question 18

What type of measures did the study find most popular among respondents regarding climate policies?
A. Taxes that are highly visible
B. Measures with co-benefits like reduced air pollution
C. Stricter regulations without public input
D. International climate agreements

Answer 18

B. Measures with co-benefits like reduced air pollution