Reactivity Series Flashcards
Why does the reactivity increase as we go down groups?
1)The number of SHELLS INCREASE so larger the DISTANCE between NUCLEOUS and VALENCE ELECTRONS..
2) So the ATTRACTION between NUCLEUS and ELECTRONS will be WEAKER so the atom could LOSE its electrons EASILY.
3)So more reactive.
How can you find the reactivity series of metals from experiments?
You could react with acid or water. The MORE reactive the metal, the more easily it loses it electrons to make CATIONS. So it reacts more easily with acid or water.
Or the more reactive metal will cause the most temperature increase.
how would you decide the reactivity of metals with reaction with acids.
ACID + METAL==HYDROGEN + SALT
The more reactive the metal the faster the reaction as HIGHER rate of production of bubbles of HYDROGEN (EFFEVESCENCE).
Could attach a GAS SYRINGE to the test tube to measure the hydrogen production ACCURATELY.
How to test for hydrogen:
-Involves putting a BURNING SPLINT at the mouth of the tube containing the metal and acid.
- If the hydrogen is present a SQUEAKY POP will be heard. The louder the more the present so more reactive metal.
Water reaction with metal is»>
WATER + METAL==HYDROGEN + Metal HYDROXIDE
The solution becomes ALKALINE as HYDROXIDE formed.
What will do and how will we react the unreactive metals like MAGNESIUM, ZINC and IRON to find reactivity?
Use STEAM by HEATING BOTH REACTANTS in the test tube containing MINERAL WOOL soaked in water and METAL. The steam produced will react with the metal.
A BURNT SPLINT at the mouth of the tube coming out of the BUNG can cause the hydrogen to BURN when the hydrogen gas is given off.
What is formed when magnesium is reacted with steam?
Magnesium OXIDE+ Hydrogen
Reactions with Salt solutions- what is the advantages?
That we can recognise the more reactive metal as it DISPLACES the less reactive metal.
So we can COMPARE DIRECTLY between the reactivity of metals.
e.g Magnesium + Copper nitrate== magnesium nitrate and copper.
How do potassium, sodium and lithium and calcium react with dilute cold acids?
EXPLOSIVELY, EFFERVESENCE, TUBE HEATS UP
What metal wont react with cold, dilute acids or steam?
copper, silver and gold
Why do metals HIGHER in the REACTIVITY SERIES oxidise more?
They LOSE electrons to form CATIONS EASILY- so GAIN OXYGEN more easily.
Why metals should not be reacted with acid in a classroom?
SODIUM, CALCIUM, LITHIUM and POTASSIUM.
