reactions you need to know Flashcards by Tallula Reece

Q

benzene –> methylbenzene

A

CH3Cl

AlCl3 (catalyst)

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Q

benzene –> nitrobenzene (NO2 group)

A

HNO3
H2SO4 (catalyst)
50°

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Q

nitrobenzene –> phenylamine (C6H6NH2)

A

conc HCl

Sn (catalyst)

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Q

nitrobenzene –> 2,4,6-tribromonitrobenzene

A

3Br2

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Q

benzene –> bromobenzene

A

Br2

FeBr4 (catalyst)

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Q

benzene –> chlorobenzene

A

Cl2

AlCl3 (catalyst)

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Q

benzene –> benzaldehyde

A

acyl chloride

AlCl3 (catalyst)

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Q

haloalkane –> nitrile

A

NaCN

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Q

haloalkane –> amine

A

NH3

ethanol (solvent)

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Q

haloalkane –> primary alcohol

A

NaOH

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Q

alkene –> primary alcohol

A

H2O (steam)

H3PO4 (catalyst)

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Q

primary alcohol –> aldehyde

A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4

distill

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Q

primary alcohol –> ester

A

carboxylic acid

H2SO4 (catalyst)

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Q

primary alcohol –> alkene

A

H2SO4 (conc)

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Q

aldehyde –> carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7/H2SO4

reflux

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Q

alkene –> haloalkane

A

HX

or X2 if dihaloalkane

Q

primary alcohol –> haloalkane

A

HX

H2SO4 (catalyst)

Q

aldehyde –> hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN

H+ (catalyst)

Q

aldehyde –> primary alcohol

A

H2O

NaBH4 (catalyst)

Q

nitrile –> amine

A

H2

Ni (catalyst)

Q

nitrile –> carboxylic acid

A

HCl (or other acid)

heat

Q

carboxylic acid –> ester

A

alcohol

H2SO4 (catalyst)

Q

carboxylic acid –> acyl chloride

A

SOCl2

Q

ester –> sodium carboxylate salt + alcohol

A

alkaline hydrolysis

NaOH / H2O

Q

ester –> carboxylic acid + alcohol

A

acid hydrolysis

HCl / H2O

Q

acyl chloride –> primary amide

A

NH3

Q

acyl chloride –> secondary amide

A

primary amine

Q

acyl chloride –> carboxylic acid

A

H2O

Q

acyl chloride –> ester

A

alcohol

Q

alkene –> alkane

A

H2

Nickel (catalyst)

Q

alkane –> haloalkane

A

X2

UV (radical substitution)

Q

primary alchohol –> carboxylic acid

A

K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4

reflux

Q

secondary alcohol –> ketone

A

K2Cr2O7 / H2SO4

reflux

Q

phenol –> 4-nitrophenol and 2-nitrophenol

A

HNO3

25°

Q

phenol –> 2,4,6 tribromophenol

A

3Br2

Q

phenol –> C6H5-O+Na-

A

NaOH