Reactions - To Memorise Flashcards
Alkenes to Haloalkanes
Halogen atom; Chlorine (Cl) or Bromine (Br)
Addition Reactions [Markovnikov’s Rule]
Alkenes to Alkanes
H2 + Catalyst [Pt or Ni]
Addition Reaction
Alkanes to Haloalkanes
If Chlorine (Cl2), use UV
If Bromine (Br2), use light
Addition Reactions [Markovnikov’s Rule]
Haloalkanes to Amines
Ammonia (NH3)
Substitution Reactions
Haloalkanes to Alkenes
KOH (alc)
Elimination Reactions [Reverse Markovnikov’s Rule]
Haloalkanes to Alcohols
KOH (aq)
Substitution Reactions
Alkene to Alcohols
H2O/H+
Addition Reactions [Markovnikov’s Rule]
Alcohols to Alkenes
Concentrated Sulfuric Acid (H2SO4)
Elimination Reactions
Alcohols to Carboxylic Acids
Acidified Dichromate Cr2O7(2-) / H+
Acidified Permanganate MnO4-/H+
Oxidation Reactions
Carboxylic Acids to Carboxylate Ion
NaOH
Oxidation Reactions
Alkenes to Diol
MnO4-/H+ in acidic environment
Oxidation Reactions
Alkenes to Dihalides/Di-haloalkanes
Chlorine (Cl2) or Bromine (Br2)
Addition Reactions