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Chemistry gcse > reactions/tests > Flashcards

reactions/tests Flashcards

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1
Q

How do you carry out a flame test?

A
  1. Dip a clean wire loop into the solid compound being tested
  2. Put the loop into the blue flame
  3. Observe and record colour produced
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2
Q

What colour does Lithium give out?

A

Crimson

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3
Q

What colour does Sodium give out?

A

yellow

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4
Q

What colour does Potassium give out?

A

lilac

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5
Q

What colour does Calcium give out?

A

orange-red

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6
Q

What colour does Copper give out?

A

green

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7
Q

What dilute solution is used in metal ion tests?

A

sodium hydroxide

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8
Q

Are metal hydroxides soluble?

A

No

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9
Q

What is the precipitate colour given from Aluminium (Al3) + Sodium hydroxide? And how else do we identify it if excess sodium hydroxide is added?

A

White
Dissolves to form a colourless solution

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10
Q

What is the precipitate colour given from Calcium (Ca2) + Sodium hydroxide?

A

White
The precipitate is unchanged

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11
Q

What is the precipitate colour given from Magnesium (Mg2) + Sodium hydroxide?

A

White
The solution is unchanged

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12
Q

What is the precipitate colour given from Copper (Cu2) + Sodium hydroxide? (this is a transition metal)

A

Blue

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13
Q

What is the precipitate colour given from Iron II (Fe2) + Sodium hydroxide? (this is a transition metal)

A

Green

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14
Q

What is the precipitate colour given from Iron III (Fe3) + Sodium hydroxide? (this is a transition metal)

A

Brown

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15
Q

What is the test for Ammonia, 2NH3?

A

add sodium hydroxide and warm, a pungent smelling gas (white gas) is formed which turn red litnus paper blue

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16
Q

What is the test for a sulfate?

A

1.add a few drops of dilute hydrochloric to the sample
2.add a few drops of dilute barium chloride or barium nitrate solution
3.a white precipitate forms if sulfate ions are present

17
Q

What is the test for the Group 7 elements?

A

The silver nitrate test.

18
Q

What is the silver nitrate test?

A
  1. Add acid to sample
  2. Add silver nitrate
19
Q

In the silver nitrate test what colour does Chlorine give off?

A

White

20
Q

In the silver nitrate test what colour does Bromine give off?

A

Cream

21
Q

In the silver nitrate test what colour does Iodine give off?

A

Yellow

22
Q

In the reactivity series, when an element is below carbon, how do we separate it?

A

Displacement

23
Q

In the reactivity series, when an element is above carbon, how do we separate it?

A

Electrolysis

24
Q

Explain why, in a test for halide ions, dilute hydrochloric acid cannot be used to acidify the sample.

A

Hydrochloric acid, HCl(aq), contains chloride ions. These would react with silver ions in the test, giving a false positive result.

25
Q

How is calcium oxide/quicklime formed?

A

calcium carbonate → calcium oxide + carbon dioxide
CaCO3(s) → CaO(s) + CO2(g)

26
Q

What happens when water is added to calcium oxide?

A

calcium oxide + water → calcium hydroxide
CaO(s) + H2O(l) → Ca(OH)2(s)
The solid remains white but crumbles into a powder as the water is added.

27
Q

What is calcium hydroxide also known as? What is used for?

A

Slaked lime
To neutralise excess acidity

28
Q

Finish this reaction
calcium hydroxide + carbon dioxide →

A

calcium carbonate + water

29
Q

What is the symbol equation for this reaction?

A

Ca(OH)2(aq) + CO2(g) → CaCO3(s) + H2O(l)

30
Q

How do you test for alcohol?

A

Add acidified potassium dichromate
Positive test: orange-green

31
Q

How do you test for alkene?

A

Bromine water
Positive test: orange-colourless

32
Q
A

Chemistry gcse (7 decks)

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