Reactions, reagents and catalysts

Question 1

Alkene to Alkane

Answer 1

Catalytic hydrogenation, heat, Ni catalyst

Question 2

Alkene to alcohol

Answer 2

hydration (adding water), 300C, 60 atm, H3PO4 catalyst

Question 3

Alcohol to alkene

Answer 3

Dehydration (removing water) heat with consulfuric acid

Question 4

alcohol to carboxylic acid (natural way)

Answer 4

fermentation
- oxygen
- bacteria in air will oxidize the alcohol

Question 5

alcohol to carboxylic acid (laboratory way)

Answer 5

Heat under reflux, oxidizing agent
- KMNO4: purple to colorless
- potassium dichromate: orange to green

Question 6

Alcohol + carboxylic acid

Answer 6

esterification (removal of water)

Question 7

alkane to halogen compound

Answer 7

substitution, UV light

Question 8

alkene to halogen compound

Answer 8

halogenation/addition, rtp

Question 9

preparation of ethanol (natural)

Answer 9

glucose –> ethanol + CO2
- room temp, absence of oxygen, yeast catalyst, glucose in aq medium

Question 10

preparation of ethanol (industrial)

Answer 10

hydration of ethene, H3PO4 catalyst, 300C, 60 atm