Reactions of metals Flashcards
When
metals
react with other substances, the metal
atoms….
…lose electrons to form positive ions.
The more reactive a metal is…
…the more vigorous its reactions are.
…the more easily it loses electrons in reactions to form positive ions.
Reactivity series
Metal
Potassium
Sodium
Lithium
Calcium
Magnesium
Carbon (used for comparison)
Zinc
Iron
Hydrogen (used for comparison)
Copper
Gold
metal + water ->
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
metal + dilute acid ->
salt + hydrogen
acid + metal hydroxide ->
salt + water
ammonia +acid ->
ammonia + salt
metal + water ->
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
acid + metal carbonate ->
salt + water + carbon dioxide
Describe and explain the observations when a small piece of lithium is placed on the surface of a big container of water. A few drops of universal indicator have been added to the water
-fizzing as the lithium reacts with the water to produce hydrogen gas
-universal indicator changes from green to purple as an alkaline solution (lithium hydroxide) is produced
Platinum is placed below gold in the reactivity series. Predict its reaction with dilute acids and explain your answer.
-no reaction
-metals below hydrogen in the reactivity series do not react with dilute acids and they are both below hydrogen
When a metal gains oxygen…
…it is oxidised.
Reduction
-loss/removal of oxygen
When magnesium displaces copper sulfate:
-magnesium becomes coated with copper
-blue colour of the solution fades as the blue copper sulfate solution is replaced by colourless magnesium sulfate solution
