Reactions of acids and bases

Question 1

What are four types of bases?

Answer 1

Metal Carbonates, metal oxides, metal hydroxides, ammonia , amines

Question 2

What is a neutralisation reaction?

Answer 2

A reaction between an acid and a base

Question 3

General equation for a neutralisation reaction

Answer 3

Acid + base → salt + water

Question 4

Reaction between acid and metal

Answer 4

Acid + metal → metal salt + hydrogen

Question 5

Reaction between acid and carbonate

Answer 5

Acid + carbonate → salt + water + carbon dioxide

Question 6

Reaction between acid and ammonia

Answer 6

Acid + ammonia → ammonium salt

Question 7

Which metals react most vigorously with acids?

Answer 7

Very reactive found metals higher up in the reactivity series e.g. calcium and magnesium

Question 8

What metals don’t react with acids at all?

Answer 8

Metals below hydrogen in the reactivity series e.g. copper

Question 9

What salt is formed when ethanoic acid is used?

Answer 9

Metal ethanoate

Question 10

What shows that the gas produced when an acid reacts with a metal is hydrogen?

Answer 10

The gas collected in the test tube produces a squeaky pop when a lighted splint is placed inside.

Question 11

How can you show that the gas produced when an acid reacts with a carbonate is CO2?

Answer 11

When the gas is bubbled in limewater, it goes milky

Question 12

When hydrochloric acid and ammonia are at the same concentration, why is more ammonia needed for the neutralisation?

Answer 12

Ammonia is a weak base

Question 13

What bases reacts in a similar way to ammonia?

Answer 13

Amines

Question 14

Reaction between methylamine and hydrochloric acid?

Answer 14

Methylamine + hydrochloric acid → methylammonium chloride

Question 15

Reaction between ethyl amine and nitric acid?

Answer 15

Ethylamine + nitric acid → ethylammonium nitrate

Question 16

What is the general equation for the reaction between a strong base an ammonium salt?

Answer 16

Ammonium salt + base → metal salt + water + ammonia