Reactions and Reactivity Flashcards
What is a reaction?
The transformation of one set of chemicals into another
What is the collision theory?
Reactant molecules must collide with sufficient energy for a reaction to occur
What is activation energy?
The energy required for a collision between reactant molecules
What is an exothermic reaction?
Releases energy to the surroundings
Gives out heat
What is an endothermic reaction?
Removes energy from the surroundings
Requires heat
Under what circumstances will no reaction occur?
If molecules collide with too little or too much energy
Name four ways in which the rate of reaction can be increased?
Increase temperature
Increase concentration
Increase surface area
Introduce a catalyst
What is a catalyst and how do they work?
Increase the rate of reaction by lowering the activation energy without being consumed
What is gibbs free energy?
Energy available in a substance to do work
What is an exergonic reaction?
A reaction in which the change of free energy is negative
There is a net release of free energy
Indicates a spontaneous reaction
What is an endergonic reaction?
A reaction in which the change in free energy is positive
There is a net intake of free energy
Indicates a non spontaneous reaction