Reactions and enzymes Flashcards
Carbon stabilized C-C break
When the C-C bond is broken with a carbonyl adjacent to one of the carbons. This breakage can be stabilized through resonance.
TPP mediated C-C break
TPP is prostethic group of the vitamin Thiamine. Structure of it allows stabilization of C-C where one of the C is connected to the carbonyl.
Internal arrangements/Isomerization
alters the molecular arrangement of the products without adding or removing anything from the original molecule
Elimination
Getting rid of without changing oxidation state
Group Transfer
e.x: phosphorylation. Often involves addition of nucleophile to carbonyl carbon
Oxidation-Reduction
often NADH involved. every oxidation follows with a reduction somewhere.
decarboxylation
a chemical reaction that removes a carboxyl group and releases carbon dioxide (CO2)
Oxidoreductase
catalyzes oxi-red reaction between two molecules
Dehydrogenase
catalyzes redox rxn involving 2e- and 1 or 2 H+ between two molecules. involving either NAD(P)H/NAD(P)+/FADH2/FMN
Transferase
catalyzes transfer of functional groups between molecules
kinase
catalyzes trasnfer of phosphoryl (phosphate) group between two molecules - one is ATP
hydrolase
catalyzes transfer of functional group to H2O **the molecule splits up
lyase
catalyze splitting of 1 molecule into 2, with nothing else lost or gained
synthase
catalyze joining of 1 molecule into 2, with nothing else lost or gained (no ATP involvement)
isomerase
catalyzes intrenal rearrangement/isomerization
