Reactions

Question 1

What are the neutralisation reaction?

Answer 1

metal oxide + acid = salt + water.

metal hydroxide + acid = salt and water.

Question 2

What does the term base mean?

Answer 2

Soluble in water

Question 3

What does the term acidic mean?

Answer 3

Insoluble in water.

Question 4

What does the term amphoteric mean?

Answer 4

Reacts with acids and alkali to produce salt.

Question 5

What is a bauxite?

Answer 5

Mixture of hydrated aluminium oxide and compounds.

Question 6

What happens when bauxite is reacted with sodium hydroxide?

Answer 6

Converts aluminium oxide in the ore is soluble to sodium tetrahydroxoaluminium.

Question 7

What is the bayer process?

Answer 7

A bauxite ore is crushed and heated in a pressure vessel along with sodium hydroixde solution at a temperature of 150 to 200. The aluminium is dissolved as sodium aluminate is an extraction process.

Question 8

Why is the bayer process expensive?

Answer 8

High temperature and pressure, lots of steps and uses lots of raw materials.

Question 9

What is electrolysis?

Answer 9

Splitting up substances using electricity.

Question 10

Are metal oxides and metal hydroxides bases or acids?

Answer 10

bases

Question 11

Which ions are attracted to an positive electroyte and what type of reaction is this?

Answer 11

oxygen and it is oxidisation

Question 12

Which ions are attracted to a negative electrolyte and what type of reaction is this?

Answer 12

aluminium and it is reduction

Question 13

Why is the electrolyte mixed with cryolite?

Answer 13

reduces the melting point of aluminium oxide.

Question 14

What is the process of titanium extraction?

Answer 14

extracted from its one ore. it is first converted into titanium chloride then reduced to titanium using either magnesium or sodium. only a small amount can be made at once.

Question 15

How do you name an alkane?

Answer 15

find the longest chain of carbons and name it. identify any side chains and add then using ‘yl’. state the location of any side chains. state the side chains and location first then the parent chain.

Question 16

Where are the transition metals found?

Answer 16

in the d block.

Question 17

what are the properties of the d block?

Answer 17

hard and strong, shiny, good thermal and electrical conductor and high tensile strength; malleable and ductile.

Question 18

When is iron used in the haber process?

Answer 18

as a catalyst.

Question 19

When is vanadium oxide used?

Answer 19

In the contact process.

Question 20

What are catalysts?

Answer 20

Reduces the activation energy for a reaction by giving he chemicals an alternative pathway for the reaction.

Question 21

What is the contact process?

Answer 21

Makes sulphur dioxide, converts the sulphur dioxide into sulphur trioxide

Question 22

What is oxidised mean?

Answer 22

electrons lost.

Question 23

What does reduction mean?

Answer 23

electrons gained.

Question 24

What is the haber process?

Answer 24

making ammonia.

Question 25

What factors increase the yield of the haber process?

Answer 25

temperature and pressure.

Question 26

What does the term symmetrical mean?

Answer 26

alkanes have the same atoms on both sides of the double bond.

Question 27

What does the term asymmetrical mean?

Answer 27

alkanes have different atoms on each side

Question 28

What does the term chain isomers mean?

Answer 28

must have 4 or more carbons.

Question 29

what does the term position isomers mean?

Answer 29

Molecules with the same carbon chain and functional group but the functional group are on different carbons of the chain.

Question 30

What does the term functional group mean?

Answer 30

molecular formula but different functional group. they belong to different organic formula’s.

Question 31

What does the term stereoisomerism mean?

Answer 31

Compounds that have the same structural formula but the arrangement of their atoms in space is different.