Reactions

Question 1

Substitution in alkanes

Answer 1

A hydrogen is substituted for a ‘17’ element
Under UV light
2nd product is H__ (‘17’ element)
From a alkane to a haloalkane

Question 2

Addition in alkenes

+H2

Answer 2

Across double bond

From and alkene to a alkane

Question 3

Addition in alkenes

+’17’ element

Answer 3

Across double bond

From and alkene to a haloalkane

Question 4

Addition in alkenes

+H2O

Answer 4

Across double bond
-dil H2SO4
From an alekene to an alcohol

Question 5

Addition in alkenes

+H’17’ element

Answer 5

Across double bond
‘17’ element =X
From an alkene to an haloalkane

Question 6

Name the 4 types of reactions

Answer 6

• Substitution
• Addition
• Elimination
• Oxidation reduction

Question 7

Alkynes

How do they react?

Answer 7

Same as alkenes except 2x as much across the triple bond

Question 8

Addition in Alcohols

+H2O

Answer 8

Reagent dil H2SO4/H+

From and alkene to an alcohol

Question 9

Substitution in alcohols
+OH- (aq)
Or
+KOH (aq)

Answer 9

From a haloalkane to an alcohol

Question 10

Substitution in alcohols

+H2O

Answer 10

From a haloalkane to an alcohol

Question 11

Elimination in alcohol

+conc.H2SO4

Answer 11

From alcohol to alkene

Question 12

Chloronation in alcohols 
\+SOCl2
Or 
\+PCl3
Or
\+PCl5

Answer 12

From a alcohol to a haloalkane, that contains Cl

Question 13

What is Lucas reagent? What does it do?

Answer 13

ZnCl2/c.HCl
Distinguish different classes of alcohols 
3• reacts very fast 
2• reacts slowly 
1• no reaction after 10 mins 
Liquid will go cloudy/misty 
Substitutes OH for Cl

Question 14

Oxidation in alcohols 
Of primary 
Reagents 
MnO4-/H+ 
Or 
Cr2O7 2-/H+

Answer 14

Distillation: from alcohol to aldehyde
Reflux: from alcohol to carboxcylic acid

Question 15

Oxidation in alcohols 
Of secondary
Reagents 
MnO4-/H+ 
Or 
Cr2O7 2-/H+

Answer 15

From alcohol to a ketone

Question 16

Oxidation in alcohols 
Of tertiary  
Reagents 
MnO4-/H+ 
Or 
Cr2O7 2-/H+

Answer 16

DOESN’T OXIDISE