REACTIONS Flashcards
redox reaction
a chemical reaction where both oxidation and reduction happens at the same time
oxidation
gaining of oxygen, loss of electrons
reduction
loss of oxygen, gaining of electrons
alkanes undergoes reaction with
Reaction with oxygen
Alkanes are generally unreactive, but burn in oxygen
Graphite and metals are good electrical conductors because…
because they have delocalized electrons which allow electricity to pass through.
alkanes
hydrocarbon which has only single bonds= saturated
alkenes
An unsaturated compound is one with at least one double bond between two carbon atoms.
pollutant reacts with haemoglobin.
carbon monoxide = CO
amount of carbons in butane
4
naming hydrocarbons in order
meth-
eth-
prop-
but-
alloy
An alloy is a mixture of a metal with one or more other elements
reactivity trend as you go down Group I.
it increases
noble gases reactivity
Noble gases have full outermost shells and are therefore unreactive.
The mass number is also…
nucleon, atomic number
uses of diamond
very hard, cutting material in drills.
type of ion is formed when metals react
positive ion(cations).
what happens in metal to form ion
Metals lose electrons to form positive ions when they react.
density change as you go down the group
The atoms get bigger as you go down, and elements becomes denser
corrosion
the destruction of materials by chemical reactions with substances in the environment
electrolysis
the splitting up of an ionic compound using electricity. (used for metals more reactive than carbon )
galvanize
the process used to protect metals against corrosion by adding a protective layer of zinc
ore
type of rock containing metal compounds worth extracting
reduction with carbon
the process used to extract minerals from their oxide (less reactive than carbon) by heating it up with carbon. metal oxide –> metallic element
properties of metals (5)
ductile, malleable, good conductors, high melting/boiling point, a giant structure
displacement
when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its compound
structure pure metals
atoms tightly packed together and arranged in layers within a giant metallic structure.
metallic bonding
the electrostatic attraction between positively charged metal ions and the sea of delocalised electrons
raw material in blast furnace
limestone(carbon carbonate), iron ore, coke, air
blast furnace+process
the reaction used to extract iron from hematite. raw materials are added, hot air enters at the bottom and goes to the top.
metals in water
metal + water –> metal hydroxide+ hydrogen
rusting meaning
reaction between iron(III)(steel) with water+oxygen
rusting equation
iron+ oxygen–> hydrated iron(III) oxide
Carbon monoxide formed …
from the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing substances
Carbon dioxide is released by
is released by the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate.
more reactive metals…
have bigger chances of forming positive ions
how is hydrogen made ?
Methane is reacted with steam to make hydrogen
what is atom charge ?
An atom is neutral because it has the same number of protons and electrons.
transition metal density
transition metal has a higher density
homologous series
a group of organic compounds with the same general formula
alkanes general formula
CxH’2x+2
alkenes general formula
CxH2x
aluminium uses
manufacture of airplanes due to low density and strength
transition elements properties
transition elements have high melting points, high densities and form colored compounds.
Why is chlorine added to the treatment of water?
Chlorine is toxic to pathogens and will kill them to make drinking water safe.
group 7 properties
low melting point, low density , very reactive
group 7 properties
low melting point, low density , very reactive
extraction of iron
Carbon monoxide reduces iron oxide to form iron metal.
Test of metal to discover the order of reactivity
acid rain
oxide of nitrogen and sulfur dioxide
methane formed
decomposition vegetation, animal waste gases
When methane burns …
completely in air, carbon dioxide and water are formed.
Melting points …. Group I.
Melting point decrease as you descend Group I.
covalent bonds
between two non metals
Reactivity …. group 7
decreases as you go down Group VII.
biological process that releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.
respiration
blast furnace process (5)
carbon reacts with oxygen and carbon dioxide to heat the furnace.
CO2 reacts with carbon to produce carbon monoxide.
CO reduces iron oxide to form iron and carbon dioxide.
limestone is thermally decomposed to form calcium oxide and CO2 .
calcium oxide reacts with silicon dioxide to form slag.
greenhouse gas
carbon dioxide, methane
cracking requires
high temperature, high pressure, catalysts
fossil fuels
petroleum, naturtal gases, cole
crude oil
mix of hydrocarbon
metal with water reaction equation
metalhydroxide + hydrogen
metal with water reaction equation
metalhydroxide + hydrogen
