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chemistry EOY > REACTIONS > Flashcards

REACTIONS Flashcards

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1
Q

redox reaction

A

a chemical reaction where both oxidation and reduction happens at the same time

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2
Q

oxidation

A

gaining of oxygen, loss of electrons

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3
Q

reduction

A

loss of oxygen, gaining of electrons

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4
Q

alkanes undergoes reaction with

A

Reaction with oxygen

Alkanes are generally unreactive, but burn in oxygen

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5
Q

Graphite and metals are good electrical conductors because…

A

because they have delocalized electrons which allow electricity to pass through.

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6
Q

alkanes

A

hydrocarbon which has only single bonds= saturated

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7
Q

alkenes

A

An unsaturated compound is one with at least one double bond between two carbon atoms.

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8
Q

pollutant reacts with haemoglobin.

A

carbon monoxide = CO

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9
Q

amount of carbons in butane

A

4

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10
Q

naming hydrocarbons in order

A

meth-
eth-
prop-
but-

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11
Q

alloy

A

An alloy is a mixture of a metal with one or more other elements

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12
Q

reactivity trend as you go down Group I.

A

it increases

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13
Q

noble gases reactivity

A

Noble gases have full outermost shells and are therefore unreactive.

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14
Q

The mass number is also…

A

nucleon, atomic number

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15
Q

uses of diamond

A

very hard, cutting material in drills.

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16
Q

type of ion is formed when metals react

A

positive ion(cations).

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17
Q

what happens in metal to form ion

A

Metals lose electrons to form positive ions when they react.

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18
Q

density change as you go down the group

A

The atoms get bigger as you go down, and elements becomes denser

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19
Q

corrosion

A

the destruction of materials by chemical reactions with substances in the environment

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20
Q

electrolysis

A

the splitting up of an ionic compound using electricity. (used for metals more reactive than carbon )

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21
Q

galvanize

A

the process used to protect metals against corrosion by adding a protective layer of zinc

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22
Q

ore

A

type of rock containing metal compounds worth extracting

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23
Q

reduction with carbon

A

the process used to extract minerals from their oxide (less reactive than carbon) by heating it up with carbon. metal oxide –> metallic element

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24
Q

properties of metals (5)

A

ductile, malleable, good conductors, high melting/boiling point, a giant structure

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25
Q

displacement

A

when a more reactive metal displaces a less reactive metal from its compound

26
Q

structure pure metals

A

atoms tightly packed together and arranged in layers within a giant metallic structure.

27
Q

metallic bonding

A

the electrostatic attraction between positively charged metal ions and the sea of delocalised electrons

28
Q

raw material in blast furnace

A

limestone(carbon carbonate), iron ore, coke, air

29
Q

blast furnace+process

A

the reaction used to extract iron from hematite. raw materials are added, hot air enters at the bottom and goes to the top.

30
Q

metals in water

A

metal + water –> metal hydroxide+ hydrogen

31
Q

rusting meaning

A

reaction between iron(III)(steel) with water+oxygen

32
Q

rusting equation

A

iron+ oxygen–> hydrated iron(III) oxide

33
Q

Carbon monoxide formed …

A

from the incomplete combustion of carbon-containing substances

33
Q

Carbon dioxide is released by

A

is released by the thermal decomposition of calcium carbonate.

34
Q

more reactive metals…

A

have bigger chances of forming positive ions

35
Q

how is hydrogen made ?

A

Methane is reacted with steam to make hydrogen

36
Q

what is atom charge ?

A

An atom is neutral because it has the same number of protons and electrons.

37
Q

transition metal density

A

transition metal has a higher density

38
Q

homologous series

A

a group of organic compounds with the same general formula

39
Q

alkanes general formula

A

CxH’2x+2

40
Q

alkenes general formula

A

CxH2x

41
Q

aluminium uses

A

manufacture of airplanes due to low density and strength

42
Q

transition elements properties

A

transition elements have high melting points, high densities and form colored compounds.

43
Q

Why is chlorine added to the treatment of water?

A

Chlorine is toxic to pathogens and will kill them to make drinking water safe.

44
Q

group 7 properties

A

low melting point, low density , very reactive

44
Q

group 7 properties

A

low melting point, low density , very reactive

45
Q

extraction of iron

A

Carbon monoxide reduces iron oxide to form iron metal.

46
Q

Test of metal to discover the order of reactivity

A
47
Q

acid rain

A

oxide of nitrogen and sulfur dioxide

48
Q

methane formed

A

decomposition vegetation, animal waste gases

49
Q

When methane burns …

A

completely in air, carbon dioxide and water are formed.

50
Q

Melting points …. Group I.

A

Melting point decrease as you descend Group I.

51
Q

covalent bonds

A

between two non metals

52
Q

Reactivity …. group 7

A

decreases as you go down Group VII.

53
Q

biological process that releases carbon dioxide into the atmosphere.

A

respiration

54
Q

blast furnace process (5)

A

carbon reacts with oxygen and carbon dioxide to heat the furnace.
CO2 reacts with carbon to produce carbon monoxide.
CO reduces iron oxide to form iron and carbon dioxide.
limestone is thermally decomposed to form calcium oxide and CO2 .
calcium oxide reacts with silicon dioxide to form slag.

55
Q

greenhouse gas

A

carbon dioxide, methane

56
Q

cracking requires

A

high temperature, high pressure, catalysts

57
Q

fossil fuels

A

petroleum, naturtal gases, cole

58
Q

crude oil

A

mix of hydrocarbon

59
Q

metal with water reaction equation

A

metalhydroxide + hydrogen

59
Q

metal with water reaction equation

A

metalhydroxide + hydrogen

chemistry EOY (5 decks)

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