Reaction to change, at home and abroad Flashcards
What was the name of Marat’s radical newspaper?
L’ami du peuple
What was the Le Chapelier Law?
Prohibition of strikes and trade unions.
Who were the ‘salon francais’?
Royalist political club.
Who were the prominent members of the Society of 1789?
Lafayette, Bailly, Sieyes, Mirabeau, Condorcet
Who were the Jacobins?
Successor of the Breton club at the EG, radical but still bourgeois
Who were the Feuillants?
More moderate Jacobins who broke away in July 1791.
Who were the Cordeliers?
More populist - run by Marat, Danton, Desmoulins. Membership open to all.
What was the importance of the political clubs?
They gave petitions to the assembly, influenced ordinary people of Paris through publications, and would eventually end up as the French government.
Who was Jacques Hebert?
Radical newspaper writer - satirical newspaper called Le Pere Duchesne
What was the significance of Mirabeau’s death in April 1791?
Loss of mediator between King and the NCA.
What long term factors contributed to the flight to Varennes?
Louis’ dissatisfaction with the CCoftheC; feeling of imprisonment in Paris since the October Days; dissatisfaction with the NCA and the Constitution
What happened at Easter 1791?
Royal family try to spend mass at St Cloud (outside Paris) - mob forces them back.
What went wrong in the attempted Flight to Montmedy?
The family travelled together, the departure was severely delayed, soldiers were not at their posts due to the delay.
What was the outcome of the Flight to Varennes?
Shattered public affection for monarchy; deepened social divisions; intensified fear of Austria.
What was the Padua Circula?
Declaration by Leopold II of the HRE on July 6th, inviting European monarchs to help Louis.
How many people went to the Champ de Mars on 17 July 1791?
50,000
Why were the National Guard at the Champ de Mars?
To ensure order.
What were the consequences of the Champ de Mars?
Deepened divisions - radicals saw it as a betrayal of the people by the moderates.
What was the Declaration of Pillnitz?
Declaration that Austria would invade France to help Louis if necessary.
What was the Self Denying Ordinance?
The decree that members of the NCA could not also be members of the LA.
What percentage of active citizens voted in the LA elections?
Less than 25%.
What 2 decrees did the LA propose in November 1791 that were blocked by Louis?
Treatment of refractory priests as enemies of the state; seizing property of emigres.
Why did Brissot support war?
Unite French people, test loyalty of the monarchy, expose counter-revolutionary traitors.
Why was Robespierre against war?
Concerned about military dictatorship, fiscal worries, internal threats.
Who made a formal alliance against France in February 1792?
Austria and Prussia.
Why did the royal family support war?
Hoped the plan would backfire and they could be reinstalled.
When did France declare war on Austria?
20 April 1792.
What immediate issues did the French armies face in April 1792?
Divisions between new volunteers and old army; lack of experience; Marie Antoinette had been sharing military plans with Austrians.
