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AQA A Level Chemistry > Reaction Summaries > Flashcards

Reaction Summaries Flashcards

1
Q

what is needed to go from an alkene to a poly(alkene)

A

high pressure catalyst

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2
Q

what is needed to go from an alkene to a dihalogenoalkane

A

Br2 Cl2 room temp
EAdd

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3
Q

what is needed to go from an alkene to a halogenoalkane

A

HBr HCl room temp
EAdd

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4
Q

what is needed to go from an alkene to an alcohol

A

Step 1: H2SO4
EAdd
Step 2 H2O warm hydrolysis

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5
Q

what is needed to go from an dihalogenoalkane to a diol

A

KOH aqueous heat under reflux
Nu Sub

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6
Q

what is needed to go from an alkane to a halogenoalkane

A

Br2 Cl2
UV light
Fr Sub

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7
Q

what is needed to go from a halogenoalkane to an alkene

A

KOH alcoholic
heat under reflux
Elimination

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8
Q

what is needed to go from a halogenoalkane to an alcohol

A

KOH aqueous
heat under reflux
NuSub

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9
Q

what is needed to go from a halogenoalkane to a nitrile

A

KCN in ethanol/water mixture
heat under reflux
NuSub

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10
Q

what is needed to go from a halogenoalkane to a primary amine

A

alcoholic NH3
heat under pressure
NuSub

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11
Q

what is needed to go from an alcohol to an alkene

A

conc H2SO4 or conc H3PO4
Elimination
dehydration

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12
Q

what is needed to go from an alcohol to an ester

A

carboxylic acid + H2SO4
heat
esterification

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13
Q

what is needed to go from an alcohol to a ketone

A

If secondary
Na2Cr2O7/H+
heat
oxidation

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14
Q

what is needed to go from an alcohol to an aldehyde

A

If Primary Na2Cr2O7/H+
heat and distill
partial ox

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15
Q

what is needed to go from a nitrile to a primary amine

A

LiAlH4 in ether reduction

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16
Q

what is needed to go from a primary amine to a secondary amine, tertiary amine, quaternary salt

A

haloalkane
NuSub

17
Q

what is needed to go from a primary amine to a secondary amide

A

acyl chloride
room temp
Nu add/elim

18
Q

what is needed to go from an aldehyde to an alcohol

A

NaBH4
Red Nu Add

19
Q

what is needed to go from an aldehyde to a carboxylic acid

A

If primary Na2Cr2O7/H+
heat under reflux + excess oxidising agent
oxidation

20
Q

what is needed to go from an aldehyde to a hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN + H2SO4
Nu Add

21
Q

what is needed to go from a ketone to a hydroxynitrile

A

NaCN + H2SO4
Nu Add

22
Q

what is needed to go from a ketone to an alcohol

A

NaBH4
Red Nu Add

23
Q

what is needed to go from a carboxylic acid to an ester

A

alcohol + H2 SO4
heat
esterification

24
Q

what is needed to go from an acyl chloride/acid anhydride to a carboxylic acid

A

H2O room temp
Nu add/elim

25
Q

what is needed to go from an acyl chloride/acid anhydride to an ester

A

alcohol
room temp
Nu add/elim

26
Q

what is needed to go from an acyl chloride/acid anhydride to a secondary amide

A

primary amine
room temp
Nu add/elim

27
Q

what is needed to go from an acyl chloride/acid anhydride to a primary amide

A

NH3 room temp
Nu add/elim

28
Q
A

conc nitric acid + conc sulphuric acid
electrophilic substitution

29
Q
A

Sn and HCl
reduction

30
Q
A

CH3Cl
Nu sub

31
Q
A

CH3COCl
Nucleophilic add-el

32
Q
A

acyl chloride in the presence of anhydrous aluminum chloride catalyst
Electrophilic substitution

33
Q
A

NaCN + H2SO4
Nu Add

34
Q
A

LiAlH4
reduction

35
Q
A

NaBH4
Red Nu Add

36
Q
A

CH3CO2H + H2SO4
heat
esterification

AQA A Level Chemistry (2 decks)

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