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AWS Certified Solutions Architectn CO3 > RDS > Flashcards

RDS Flashcards

RDS, Snapshots, Automated Backups, Encryption at Rest, Multi-Az, Read Replicas

1
Q

What does RDS stand for?

A

Relational Database Servers

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2
Q

What are the 2 types of RDS backups? What is the big difference between them?

A
  • Automated Backups
  • Database Snapshots
  • Big difference is whether they are taken automatically vs. manually
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3
Q

What do RDS Automated Backups allow you to do?

A

Automated backups allow you to recover your database to any point in time within a retention period

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4
Q

How long is the retention period for Automated Backups?

A

can be between 1 and 35 days

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5
Q

What do RDS automated backups store?

A
  • A full daily snapshot AND
  • transaction logs throughout the day
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6
Q

How do RDS Automated Backups do a recovery?

A

choose the most recently daily backup, and apply the transaction logs relevant to that day

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7
Q

How specific can the timing of an RDS Automated Backup recovery be?

A

You can do a point in time recovery, down to a second, within the retention period

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8
Q

Are RDS Automated Backups enabled by default?

A

Yes

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9
Q

Where are RDS Automated Backups stored?

A

in S3.

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10
Q

What is the pricing model for RDS Automated Backup storage?

A

Backups are stored in S3, and you get free storage space equal to the size of the DB

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11
Q

Why might enabling RDS Automated Backups result in a elevated latencies over a brief period of time?

A

During the backup window, storage I/O may be suspended while your data is being backed up, so you may get elevated latency.

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12
Q

After you delete the original RDS instance, are RDS automated backups deleted as well?

A

Yes

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13
Q

After you delete the original RDS instance, are DB snapshots deleted as well?

A

No

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14
Q

After restoring an RDS Automated Backup, is the restored version of the DB on the same DNS as the old DB?

A

No

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15
Q

After restoring an RDS Manual Snapshot, is the restored version of the DB on the same DNS as the old DB?

A

No

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16
Q

For what DB engines is RDS Encryption at Rest supported?

A

(All of them)

  • MySQL
  • Oracle
  • SQLServer
  • PostgreSQL
  • MariaDB
  • Aurora
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17
Q

What does RDS Encryption at Rest use for encryption?

A

KMS

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18
Q

Once your RDS instance is encrypted using RDS Encryption at Rest, are automated backups automatically encrypted as well?

A

Yes

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19
Q

Once your RDS instance is encrypted using RDS Encryption at Rest, are read replicas automatically encrypted as well?

A

Yes

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20
Q

Once your RDS instance is encrypted using RDS Encryption at Rest, are DB snapshots automatically encrypted as well?

A

Yes

21
Q

Does RDS Multi-AZ boost performance?

A

NO (that’s Read Replicas)

22
Q

What does RDS Multi-AZ do?

A
  • automatic, synchronous replication of your DB in another AZ
  • Automatic failover in case the primary instance goes down
23
Q

With what RDS DB engines does Multi-AZ work?

A

(All except Aurora)

  • SQLServer
  • Oracle
  • MySQLServer
  • PostgreSQL
  • MariaDB
24
Q

Assuming Multi-AZ is turned on, what is a way that you can force a failover for your RDS instance?

A

Reboot your RDS instance

25
Q

What type of replication is involved with RDS Read Replicas?

A

Asynchronous replication

26
Q

What is the primary difference between a primary instance and its read replica?

A

The read replica is read-only

27
Q

With what RDS DB engines are Read Replicas compatible?

A

(all except SQLServer)

  • MySQLServer
  • PostgreSQL
  • MariaDB
  • Oracle
  • Aurora
28
Q

Do you need to have automatic backups turned on in order to use read replicas?

A

Yes

29
Q

Can you have RDS Read Replicas of RDS Read Replicas?

A

Yes, but watch out for replication latency issues

30
Q

Does an RDS instance and its read replica share a DNS endpoint?

A

No, each read replica has its own DNS endpoint

31
Q

Can you have Multi-AZ RDS Read Replicas?

A

Yes

32
Q

Can you have RDS Read Replicas of RDS DBs that are sources for Multi-AZ?

A

Yes

33
Q

Can you turn a read replica into a “normal” database?

A

Yes, but this breaks replication

34
Q

Can you have an RDS Read Replica in a region that is different from the primary instance, assuming you are using Multi-AZ?

A

Yes

35
Q

Can you have an RDS Read Replica of an RDS instance which is not using multi-AZ?

A

Yes

36
Q

What are the two best ways to improve RDS performance?

A
  • Read Replicas
  • Elasticache
37
Q

In RDS, can you create a Read Replica in another region?

A

Depends on the underlying database format

(All except SQLServer are supported)

38
Q

How do you Encrypt and unencrypted RDS instance?

A
  1. Create a snapshot of the unencrypted RDS DB
  2. Copy the snapshot and tick “Enable Encryption”
  3. Restore the RDS DB instance from the encrypted snapshot
39
Q

What is the maximum number of Read Replicas you can have for a single RDS instance?

A

15

40
Q

You have an unencrypted RDS instance. How do you create an encrypted read replica?

A

You can’t

41
Q

What are the 2 key features of RDS? What are they primarily for?

A
  • Multi-AZ (for distaster recovery)
  • Read Replicas (for performance)
42
Q

Does RDS Multi-AZ require changing the connection string?

A

If you lose access to your primary database, AWS can automatically point incoming requests to your secondary database without changing the connection string

43
Q

How do Read Replicas work in RDS?

A
  • There is no automatic failover. If your primary instance goes down, you’ll need to create a new URL to connect to the secondary instance
  • All writes to the primary instance are copied over to the read replica(s)
44
Q

Suppose you want to be able to handle a surge of incoming traffic to your RDS instance and scale out your application. What key feature of RDS would you use to do this?

A

Read Replicas

45
Q

What is the maximum number of read replicas that can be made from a single primary RDS instance?

A

up to 5 copies

46
Q

Does RDS run on virtual machines?

A

Yes

47
Q

How can you log in to the OS of an RDS instance?

A

You can’t

48
Q

How can you patch the OS or database of an RDS instance?

A

This is Amazon’s responsibility (you can’t)

49
Q

Is RDS Serverless?

A

No, (except for Aurora)

RDS runs on virtual machines

AWS Certified Solutions Architectn CO3 (59 decks)

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