Rdiographic Interpretation

Question 0

What does the photoelectric effect depend on?

Answer 0

The cube of the atomic number

Question 1

What does absorption depend on?

Answer 1

Absorption=density and the cube of the atomic number

Question 2

What is the Compton effect and what does it depend on?

Answer 2

It is the scatter of the X-ray and is affected by the density

Question 3

What are the five different radiopacities?

Answer 3

Gas fat soft tissue or fluid mineral metallic

Question 4

How can depth perception be reconstructed?

Answer 4

By taking more than one view you will get a better idea of what is going on in a 2D image

Question 5

What is border effacement?

Answer 5

Two structures of the same opacities overlap and so their margins cannot be identified. The borders are effeced

Question 6

What are the steps for radio graphic interpretation?

Answer 6

Viewing conditions-dark, evaluate the radio graphic quality, the roentgen signs, examine systematically, apply knowledge of normal anatomy, form a differential list to explain the changes.

Question 7

How do you orientate the radiograph?

Answer 7

Based on human patient standing infront of the clinician. So patient right to image left and then patient rostral/cranial to image left

Question 8

Why are the ideal viewing conditions?

Answer 8

Quiet, dark, block out extra light, bright light box, enough view boxes, uninterrupted.

Question 9

What factors do you use to determine radiographic quality?

Answer 9

Exposure, patient positioning(not rotated), phase if respiration-inspiratory for lungs and exploratory for abdomen due to displacement of the diaphragm, patient factors- fat, breed, age and collimation

Question 10

What can happen if exposure is not right?

Answer 10

Kv and mAs is too low= overexposed
Kv and mAs too high= underexposed
Motion e.g. Heart beat etc so you decrease the motion time to decrease artefacts

Question 11

What does Kv and mAs mean?

Answer 11

Penetrating power and number of X-rays

Question 12

What is collimation?

Answer 12

Centring of the patient to concentrate the beam of one specific area

Question 13

What are the rontgen signs?

Answer 13

Size, shape, number, location, margination, radiopacity

Question 14

What are the rontgen signs used for?

Answer 14

Interpretation of the radiograph; referral for surgery and for diagnosis

Question 15

How can you evaluate the radiograph?

Answer 15

Organ approach, area approach, evaluate the whole radiograph not just the organ that is thought to be the problem

Question 16

Why is body condition important?

Answer 16

The subcutaneous fat will reduce the image quality due to increased opacity from the fat

Question 17

What can make interpretation difficult?

Answer 17

New bone growth, old injury, inflammation and chronic fractures

Question 18

What three things make up radiographic geometry?

Answer 18

Magnification, penumbra, distortion

Question 19

What does magnification of the radiograph?

Answer 19

Enlargement of the radiographic image of an object relative to its actual size, it increases the film subject distance

Question 20

What is the relationship between magnification and penumbra?

Answer 20

The width of the penumbra increases with increased magnification

Question 21

What is distortion?

Answer 21

Mis representation of the true show of an object

Question 22

What is summation?

Answer 22

Superimposition of structure in different planes and the resultant image is the summation of the opacities.