RD Flashcards
What are the risk factors of retinal detachment?
What are the risk factors of retinal detachment?
What are the 3 Types of Retinal Detachment?
Rhegmatogeneous Retinal Detachment
Tractional Retinal Detachment
Exudative Retinal Detachment
What is Rhegmatous Retinal Detachment and what are the three main signs?
ts the most common. Occurs due to break or tear in retina.
Signs = Flashes & Floaters, curtain like peripheral VF defect
What is Schaffers sign?
- tobacco dust - indicated RD
- release of blood cells/pigment clumps into the anterior vitreous indicating rhegmatogenous rd has occurs
hat is Exudative Retinal Detachment and what are the main signs?
Occurs due to exudation of fluid into the tissue plane.
Signs = Rapid VF loss, no flashes or floaters.
how to look for Schaffers sign
optic section of cornea with angle b/w illumination arm and observation at approx 15 deg
push SL forward so you get clear section of lens and continue to push SL forward until posterior part of lens comes into focus
you will see pigment clumps in anterior vitreous
. to improve visibility we agitate vitreous by getting px to look in different directions then straight ahead.
what is Weiss ring
type of floater
large ring shaped floater created by the detachment of the vitreous from the ONH
usually harmless can disappear on its own.
small number of cases a pvd can lead to retinal tear
- observed in complete pvd
principles of examining px with flashes +floaters
1) if unable to carry out must refer to practitioner competent to do so
2) ensure front line staff are trained to deal with such px who contact px. px told diagnosis cannot be made without examination
30 Carry out examination until you detect a problem and can make a diagnosis or decide what action to take
4) if suspect a retinal break/tear
must take H+S - to identify risk factors
look for schag=ffers sign- examine anterior vit
dilated funds
appropriate advice, bak up written info
5) accurate records
what do emergency referrals include?
1) rd
2) TOBACCO DUST
3) VITREOUS , RETINAL OR PRE RETINAL HAEMORRHAGE
4) LATTICE DGEN OR RETINAL BREAK WIT DYMPTOMS
When / how can you manage a px in your practice
—- if floaters are due to pvd
1) vison unchanged
no rd or tear present
no Schaffers sign
px well in formed what to to of there is a rd
issue written info to support diagnosis
investigations
dilated funsu
vf
Schaffers sign
reduced iop in affected eye by 5mmHg
weiss ring
if large detachment may see RAPD
OCT
What are the surgery choices for retinal detachment?
If simple RD = Cryo Buckle
If complex RD = Vitrectomy, Laser breaks, fill eye with air to flatten retina.
What are the 8 main signs of retinal detachment?
A
Possible Reduced Va
Possible RAPD
Possible mild uveitis
Lowered or Raised IOP
Elevated Retina
Thin Retina
Tobacco dust (schaffer’s sign)
Retinal breaks
What is Tractional Retinal Detachment and what are main signs?
ccurs from pulling forces on retinal surface (when neovascularisation occurs i.e. in diabetes/vein occlusions)
Signs = Flashes, Slow progressing VF defect
Symptoms = Trauma, Healing
How does retinal detachment occur?
The seperation between neurosensory retina and RPE leads to fluid filling this space.
