RCU 10.3

Question 1

INTRO TO RELATIVITY

Question 2

What is Relativity?

Answer 2

Relativity is a feature-rich, web-based platform that provides complete processing capabilities, image and native file review, powerful searching, diverse coding options, flexible workflow capabilities, productions, Unicode and foreign language support, and text analytics – all delivered in a highly scalable solution.

Question 3

Relativity browser compatibility

Answer 3

• Intenet Explorer
• Chrome
• Firefox
• Safari

Question 4

LOGGING IN

Question 5

Relativity password criteria

Answer 5

• At least 8 characters
• No more than 50
• 1 lowercase
• 1 uppercase
• 1 number
• 1 alpha numeric

Question 6

Different ways to log into Relativity

Answer 6

• Password
• Password 2 factor
• Active Directory
• Integrated Authentication
• Client certificate
• RSA
• Open ID Connect
• SAMIL 2.0

Question 7

How do you open a workspace ?

Answer 7

Click on the workspace name

Question 8

KEY TERMINOLOGY

Question 9

Definition of Workspace

Answer 9

Document repositories used to store, display, search, organize, and categorize documents related to a specific client. Workspaces are securable document repositories that facilitate viewing, searching, organizing, and categorizing content

Question 10

Definition of a User

Answer 10

Users are individuals that have access to the Relativity environment

Question 11

Definition of a Group

Answer 11

Users are organized by groups and a user can be in multiple groups.

Groups are added to the workspace and access permissions may vary from workspace to workspace.

Question 12

Definition of Document

Answer 12

A record within a workspace

Question 13

Definition of Field

Answer 13

Fields are used to store document metadata or coding information

Question 14

What are Required Fields?

Answer 14

Required fields are marked by a vertical orange line and require a coding decision before moving to the next document.

Ex.Designation and Comments.

Question 15

Definition of Choice

Answer 15

Choices are predetermined values that are applied to coding fields Single choice and multiple choice coding fields use preset values called choices.

Question 16

Choice - Single Choice

Answer 16

The single choice Designation field is displayed as a list of radio buttons and pop up pickers.

Like Designation and Privilege, you can only select one choice for single choice fields.

Question 17

Choice - Multiple Choice

Answer 17

The multiple choice Issues field as a list of checkboxes and popup pickers.

Like Issues, you can select one or more choices for multiple choice fields.

Note that choices can be nested.

Some fields can also be read only, like Date Sent or Control Number.

Question 18

Definition of Views

Answer 18

Customizable list of items within Relativity

Question 19

Why are views created?

Answer 19

To control items displayed in:

• A list based on a set of criteria
• To control fields of information related to displayed items
• To control the default sort oder of items.

Question 20

^{<strong>What do views control ?</strong>}

Answer 20

Views are special saved queries that control 3 things:

1. The items displayed on the list based on set criteria.
2. The fields of information displayed for the return item.
3. The sort order of the received item.

Question 21

Defintion of Layouts

Answer 21

A web based coding form where users can view and edit document field values.

Question 22

Definition of a Batch

Answer 22

A static set of documents split into multiple document sets based on Admin set criteria.

Question 23

WORKSPACE NAVIGATION

Question 24

USER TOOLS

Question 25

What are the User Tools?

Answer 25

• Quick Nav
• Favorites
• User drop down

Question 26

User Tools:

Quick Nav

Answer 26

Quick nav provides a fast way to search for any tab or workspace in Relativity. You can use this tool to locate subtabs when you don’t know the setup of a workspace.

Question 27

Favorites

Answer 27

The Favorites menu contains your bookmarks (Favorites) and the last 10 pages in your browsing history (Recents).

Question 28

Favorites: How to mark a page Favorite

Answer 28

To mark a page as a favorite, click the gray star at the upper-right corner of the workspace while on that page. You can also mark a page as a favorite in the Recents section. When you click a gray star, it turns yellow and Relativity adds that page to the Favorites section.

From the core reviewer interface, you can favorite a document by clicking the Show/Hide tab strip icon and then clicking the gray star.

Question 29

User Drop-down Menu​: What are the configuration options

Answer 29

• Home
• Reset password
• My Settings
• Help
• Support
• About

Question 30

User Drop-down Menu​: Home

Answer 30

Navigates you to the default Home tab. You can also return Home by clicking the Relativity logo in the top left corner

Question 31

User Drop-down Menu​: Reset Password

Answer 31

Opens a new page where you can change your password.

Question 32

User Drop-down Menu​: My Settings

Answer 32

Opens a pop-up where you can change various personal settings including your name, email address, and default preferences for document review.

Question 33

User Drop-down Menu​: About

Answer 33

Opens a web page dialog displaying the Relativity version number, your instance details, and licensing agreement information

Question 34

User Drop-down Menu​: Support

Answer 34

Opens a new window containing the Technical Support page of the Relativity website where you can open a support ticket.

Question 35

Tab Strip

Answer 35

A workspace contains tabs that provide easy access to di!erent Relativity features, including documents and batches. You can access di!erent tabs by selecting the tab of your choice on the tab strip. The tab you are currently viewing has a bright blue background, while other tabs remain dark. Your system admin determines which tabs you can see and use. As such, tab access may vary from workspace to workspace.

Question 36

Search Bar

Answer 36

Use the search bar, located below the tab strip, to quickly filter your document list by search terms. You can use the drop-down in the search bar to select the search index you’d like to use. The available indexes are configured by your system admin

Question 37

Browser panel

Answer 37

• Folders
• Field Tree Saved
• Searches Clusters

Question 38

Collapse Browser Panel

Answer 38

The browser panel is expanded by default. You can show or hide the browser panel with the icons at the upper-right. Hiding the browser provides more space to view the document list

Using the stacked dots icon at the upper-left, you can move the browser to the opposite side of the document list. You can also resize the browser panel width like any other window by dragging the edge right or left. Some workspaces do not have a browser panel.

Question 39

Collapse Search Panel

Answer 39

The search panel is also expanded by default. Like the browser panel, you can hide or show the search panel with the icons at the upper-right. Using the stacked dots icon at the upper-left, you can move the search panel to the opposite side of the documents list as well as next to or nested inside the browser panel. You can also resize the search panel width by dragging the edge right or left

Question 40

View Bar

Answer 40

The view bar is used to view document sets.

Question 41

View Bar: What does it consist of ?

Answer 41

• Views drop-down menu
• Include Related Items drop-down menu
• Add Widget
• Dashboard drop-down
• Export drop-down button
• Sampling button

Question 42

View Bar: Common Views

Answer 42

• All Documents
• My Checked Out Batches
• My Assigned Batches
• Not Yet Reviewed Documents
• Responsive Documents
• Unassigned Documents
• Email Threads
• Textual Near Duplicates

Question 43

Common View: Batch View

Answer 43

A common batch view is one that limits the displayed documents to your current batch(es). Within the batch, documents can be grouped by fields, such as custodian or designation. Some batch views get more granular to show only reviewed or unreviewed documents. These views update automatically each time a document is coded and saved

Question 44

Common View: Family Views

Answer 44

Views can display document families (attachments). These lists might contain blue horizontal lines indicating where one family begins and another ends.

*For family views that already display both the parent and attachment documents, you do not need to include families in the Include Related Items dropdown

Question 45

Common View: Email Threading

Answer 45

Email threading views are similar to family views, but they extend beyond a family of documents to capture entire conversations.

Email threading captures the entire conversation, regardless of the source, and arranges the email chain in order, typically including attachments.

Eg: A document set that contains emails from mulitple custodians

Question 46

Email Threading: Inclusive emails

Answer 46

Emails that contain an entire conversation thread.

Inclusive email messages contain the prior message content and have a “Yes” value in the Inclusive Email field.

Key Considerations:

• An email thread may contain more than one inclusive email. This often occurs when a conversation branches out into parallel conversations.
• An email might be inclusive because of its attachments

Question 47

Email Threading: Duplicative Spare

Answer 47

Duplicate spare email messages contain the exact same content as another message.

Question 48

Email Threading: Displaying Threads in a View

Answer 48

When threading is applied, indentation squares indicate each email’s indentation level within the thread.

• the first email in the chain is marked “1,” and an email responding to the first email is marked “2:.
• Email indentation squares count up to 99. For messages with an indentation level over 99, the number within the square icon displays as “99+.”

The color of the indentation square indicates information regarding an email’s inclusive and duplicate spare status.

Question 49

Email Threading: Black Square

Answer 49

A black square indicates that the email is both inclusive and is not a duplicate spare

Question 50

Email Threading: White Square

Answer 50

A white square indicates that the email is either non-inclusive or a duplicate spare.

Question 51

Common View: Textual Near Duplicate Views​

Answer 51

• Used when reviewing a set of documents that are highly similar but not identical to each other.
• Prior to creating the view, an admin can run a near duplicate analysis placing together documents with similar text patterns into relational groups. Exact syntax and word order are heavily considered during this analysis, unlike the conceptual analytics.

Question 52

Textual Near Duplicate Views​: Common Fields

Answer 52

• Textual Near Duplicate Principal
• Textual Near Duplicate Similarity
• Textual Near Duplicate Group

Question 53

Textual Near Duplicate Views​:

Textual Near Duplicate Principal

Answer 53

Identifies the principal document with a “Yes” value. The principal is the largest document (as measured by amount of text) in the duplicate group. It acts as an anchor document to which all other documents in the near duplicate group are compared.

Question 54

Textual Near Duplicate Views​:

Textual Near Duplicate Similarity

Answer 54

The percent value of similarity between the near duplicate documents in a given group and their principal document

Question 55

Textual Near Duplicate Views​:

Textual Near Duplicate Group

Answer 55

Identifier for a given group of textual near duplicate documents. If the document contains text but does not match with any other document in the data set, this field is empty. Documents that only contain numbers or that do not contain text have the Textual Near Duplicate Group field set to Numbers Only or Empty, respectively

• All documents in a near duplicate group are assigned a score that indicates how similar each document is to its principal.
• All principals have a score of 100 because they are, by definition, 100% similar to themselves. They will also have a “yes” value. However, not all documents with a score of 100 are necessarily principals.
• The remaining documents are part of the principal’s relational group. These documents are identical to the principal. We know this because they are 100% similar to it, but have a “no” value.
• Textual near duplicate groups have a relational field that you can use to code several documents at once

Question 56

Common View: Sorting Views - Sorting on a Field

Answer 56

You can use any sort-enabled field in the view to sort the entire searching set — the number of documents indicated at the lower right.

• Click once to sort the documents on that field in ascending order, alphabetically. A down arrow appears next to the heading name.
• Click twice sorts the documents in descending order, alphabetically, resulting in an up arrow appearing.
• Click three times this clears the sort and return the field to its original order

Question 57

Folder Browser

Answer 57

The orange folder icon in the Folder browser shows the scope menu, which controls the folder scope of the documents returned. Click the drop-down arrow next to the scope menu to change scope

Scope Menu Options:

• This folder and subfolders: Displays the documents in the currently selected folder AND the documents in all of its subfolders. This is the default option
• Only this folder: Displays only the documents in the currently selected folder in the browser, not its subfolders

Question 58

Include Related Documents

(not in the save search view)

Answer 58

The Include Related Documents drop-down returns items related to the documents in the view. The options vary by workspace, but may include family groups, email threads, duplicates, or textual near duplicates. Once you select your browser and set of documents from the view bar, you can begin to work with the document list.

Question 59

Relativity Compare​

Answer 59

• Used to find subtle distinctions between documents
• Its an actual field (can also include in a save search)

How to use:

• Clicking the Compare icon opens a new window, which automatically populates the initial document in the Compare field.
• Click the ellipsis on the With field to select the document you want to compare to the original document.
• Once both documents are selected, click the Compare button to trigger the analysis.

Question 60

Relativity Compare​: Red Text

Answer 60

Indicates language in the first document but not the second.

Question 61

Relativity Compare​: Blue Text

Answer 61

Indicates language in the second document but not the first

Question 62

Relativity Compare​: Black Text

Answer 62

Indicates language common to both documents

Question 63

Document List Controls

Answer 63

• Reset column size
• Show/Hide Filers
• Clear all
• Turn Grid Style on
• Document Display Count - how many documents you are currently viewing (and how many documents are available)
• Number of Items Displayed - number of documents that you can currently see in your view without navigating to the next page. The default setting is 25
• Move First/Previous/Next/Last
• Total Items
• Save as Search - located next to the mass operations button

Question 64

BATCHING: Review Batches Tab

Answer 64

The Review Batches tab contains all the batches you can access. After clicking on the Review Batches tab, you also see important information about your batches, such as the batch name, batch status, who it’s assigned to, the batch size, and if it has been reviewed.

Question 65

BATCHING: Checking out Batches

Answer 65

You can only check out one batch at a time. However, an admin—or a user granted permissions—can assign out multiple batches at once.

• Click Edit to get a batch

Question 66

BATCHING: Checking In Batches

Answer 66

To check a batch in, navigate to the Review Batches tab and click Edit next to that batch

• a batch can be checked back in immediately after it has been checked out if necessary.

Question 67

BATCHING: Checking In Batches - Options

Answer 67

• Check In As Pending: Checks in the batch as pending, often used when the batch is only partially complete.
• Check In As Completed: Checks in the batch as completed
• Reassign To: If you have the appropriate permissions, assign batches to other users by selecting their name in the drop-down

Question 68

BATCHING: Batch Status

Answer 68

• Null: The batch is currently inactive.
• In Progress: The batch has been checked out, but not yet checked back in.
• Completed: The batch has been checked in as completed.

Question 69

Pivot

Answer 69

Pivot, which enables the visualization of key data in your case to reveal trends and patterns. Using Pivot widgets, users can create tables and charts to visually summarize and simplify data analysis. Pivot can be used whether you are looking at all records or a subset of records, such as search results.

Question 70

Pivot - Group By

Answer 70

Use Group By to define the horizontal axis of the Pivot report. You can run Group By on its own if you wish to only get results on a single field.

Question 71

PIVOT - PIVOT ON

Answer 71

Use Pivot On to break down the totals displayed in each row. This field acts as the vertical axis of the report.

Question 72

Pivot Display types

Answer 72

• Bar
• Stacked Bar
• Line
• Pie
• Table

Question 73

Pivot - Bar

Answer 73

Rectangular bars with lengths proportional to the values they represent.

Question 74

Pivot - Stacked Bar

Answer 74

: Rectangular bars with internal segments to compare parts of a whole

Question 75

Pivot - Pie

Answer 75

Circular chart divided into sections to illustrate each value. Available only if Group By field is used.

Question 76

Pivot - Line

Answer 76

Two values plotted along the vertical and horizontal axes

Question 77

Pivot - Table

Answer 77

Grid organized by rows and columns

Question 78

Dashboard

Answer 78

A dashboard is a custom page configuration, made up of the document list, widgets, or both.

Dashboards can also be linked to views. This means any time a particular view is selected, the dashboard tied to that view, or the configuration of the document list and pivots, display. There can be multiple dashboards in a given workspace, but you can quickly access different configurations.

Question 79

Different Ways to Search for Data

Answer 79

• Filters
• Keyword Search
• dtSearch
• Search Terms Report
• Regular Expression - (RegEx)
• Analytics

Question 80

Different Ways to Search for Data:

Filters

Answer 80

You can use filters to limit the documents or items that appear in item lists on Relativity tabs and pop-ups. When you enable the filters for an item list, you can set criteria on single or multiple fields so that only matching documents or items appear in the view. Filters query across the searchable set of documents in the active view to return your results. Relativity supports multiple filter types so that you can easily choose the best format for different field types

*You don’t need any specific security permissions to use filtering

Question 81

Different Ways to Search for Data:

Keyword Search

Answer 81

You can run keyword searches from the Documents tab and from Dynamic Object tabs. With these searches, you can leverage the basic functionality for querying the SQL full-text index populated with data from extracted text fields. The keyword search engine supports the use of Boolean operators and wildcards. As the default search engine in Relativity, keyword search automatically populates with extracted text during data import.

Question 82

Different Ways to Search for Data:

Saved Searches

Answer 82

These searches provide you with the functionality to define and store queries for repeated use. With flexible settings, you can create a saved search based on any Relativity search engine, assign security permissions to it, and define specific columns to display your search results. Saved searches support the development of complex queries that you build using a form with search condition options. These queries run dynamically to ensure that updated results appear when you access a saved search.

Question 83

Different Ways to Search for Data:

dT Searches

Answer 83

Available on the Documents tab, you can use the advanced searching functionality to run queries with proximity, stemming, and fuzziness operators, as well as with basic features such as Boolean operators and wildcards. System admins can create a dtSearch index for a specific subset of documents in a workspace, and then assign security to it. They must manually update indexes when the document search sets used to create them are modified.

Question 84

Different Ways to Search for Data:

Analytics

Answer 84

Supporting conceptual searching, Analytics includes documents in a result set when they contain similar ideas or conceptual relationships, rather than matching specific search terms or conditions. You can create searches with Analytics that categorize your documents based on the concepts contained in a sample document set. Instead of categorizing documents, you can also perform clustering, which uses specific algorithms (system-defined rules) to identify conceptually related documents.

Question 85

Different Ways to Search for Data:

Regular Expressions

Answer 85

Regular Expressions (RegEx) is a form of advanced searching that looks for specific patterns, as opposed to certain terms and phrases. With RegEx you can use pattern matching to search for particular strings of characters rather than constructing multiple, literal search queries. You can use RegEx with a dtSearch index using dtSearch syntax options to construct complex queries.

Question 86

Search Panel

Answer 86

Using the search panel, you can build complex searches using drag-and-drop functionality. You can set conditions and then drag and drop them into logic groups, which act as visual parentheses for your search query. This functionality is also available from the search builder when you create a saved search from the Documents tab, or from the Saved Searches browser

Question 87

Search Panel - Creating a Search from the Search Panel

Answer 87

• You can access di!erent fields and search indexes in your workspace from the Add Condition drop-down menu.
• You can select from one or more of the following index searches: Keyword, dT Search, Analytics

Question 88

Search Panel - Applying Logic Groups to Search Conditions

Answer 88

The criteria within logic groups are evaluated first before evaluating against other search conditions or logic groups.

Question 89

Filtering - Different Filter Types

Answer 89

• Boolean
• Numeric
• List
• Date
• Multilist
• Textbox

When filtering on multiple columns, each filter is treated as an AND operator.

Question 90

Filtering - List

Answer 90

Usually associated with fields used for coding documents. Conditions vary by the type and purpose of the field associated with it

Question 91

Filtering - Date

Answer 91

Available for Date field types. Conditions display a calendar with drop-down menus for selecting the date and time.

Question 92

Filtering - MultiList

Answer 92

Uses multiple conditions from a drop-down menu. You can connect the conditions with the OR or AND operators.

Question 93

Search Panel - Toggle Conditions on and off

Answer 93

Within the search panel, you can toggle conditions on and off by clicking the checkbox in the lower-right corner of the condition filter card. In this case the checkbox defines one of two possible states:

• On: Box is checked.
• Off: Box is unchecked.

Question 94

Keyword Search Engine

Answer 94

Keyword search is Relativity’s default search engine. You can use Boolean operators (AND, OR, NOT) in keyword searches, quotation marks for exact matches, and asterisks (*) for wildcards. Keyword search uses an index that is automatically populated. You can use keyword search right away as there is no setup involved.

When attempting to search for more than one word using keyword search, you must use quotations.

Ex: “Brown Fox”

Question 95

Keyword Search Strings:

“Or”

Operator

Ex. Wired OR Magazine

Answer 95

= all docs that have Wired, or all docs that have Magazine

Question 96

Keyword Search Strings:

“And”

Operator

Ex. Wired AND Magazine

Answer 96

= all docs that have both wired and magazine in them

Question 97

Keyword Search Strings:

” “

Double parenthesis Operator

Ex. “Wired Magazine”

Answer 97

= all docs that have the exact phrase “Wired Magazine” in them.

Question 98

Keyword Search Strings:

“NOT”

Operator

Ex. Wired NOT Magazine

Answer 98

=All docs that have the word wired but not the word magazine.

Caveats:

1. Do not start with “NOT”

Ex: Not wired

2. Don’t use with the OR operator

Ex: Wired or not magazine

Question 99

Keyword Search Strings:

” * “

Operator

Ex. Wire*

Answer 99

= all docs that begin with wire -

Wired, wire, wires, wireless….

Caveats: Don’t add * to the beginning of the word, SQL doesn’t support this.

Question 100

Keyword Search:

Stop Words

Answer 100

These are words/terms ignored by Relativity Single Digits

• Single letters
• .
• :
• ;
• \
• /
• @ and - The at sign (@) and dashes (-) are ignored from being indexed in a keyword search, when either is used at the beginning of a query.
• Hyphen and dashes - When a search phrase includes a hyphen or dash, the query returns results that include terms containing other punctuation marks. For example, the following results return for a search on the term Pop-up:
  
  • Pop.up
  • Pop–up
  • Pop?up

Question 101

Keyword Search:

What happens when a stop word is used but does not have the double quotes?

Ex: Sun on my head

Answer 101

=All docs that have Sun and Head in them.

Stop words are ignored if not surrounded by double quotes. Relativity will use the “AND” operator without respect to proximity

Question 102

Keyword Search:

What happens when a stop word is used with double quotes?

Ex. “Sun on my Head”

or

“Sun on Head”

Answer 102

Ex: Sun on my head =Sun, any word, any word head

Ex: Sun on head =Sun, any word, head

The stop words position in the phrase are taken into account when the query is executed.

Question 103

dTSearch Engine

Answer 103

Relativity’s dtSearch engine provides advanced search functionality such as proximity, fuzzy, and stemming searches, as well as basic features such as Boolean operators and wildcards.

In order to use this advanced search technology, an index must first be built. After an admin builds a dtSearch index, the Dictionary option is also available.

Question 104

Precedence or Order of Evaluation:

dTSearch by default

Ex: A and (B or C)

Answer 104

“Or” will be searched before “And”

Relativity will search for all docs that have B or C before searching for A.

Question 105

dT search Syntax Options:

Boolean Operators

Answer 105

• And
• Or
• Not
• And Any

Question 106

Examples of dtSearch syntax using Booleen Operators:

Apple and Pear

Answer 106

Returns documents which contain both “Apple” and “Pear.”

Question 107

Examples of dtSearch syntax using Booleen Operators:

Apple and not Pear

Answer 107

Returns documents which contain “Apple” but not the word “Pear.”

Question 108

Examples of dtSearch syntax using Booleen Operators:

Apple or Pear

Answer 108

Returns documents which contain either the word “Apple” or the word “Pear.”

Question 109

Examples of dtSearch syntax using Booleen Operators:

Apple Pear

Answer 109

Returns documents with the exact phrase “Apple Pear.”

This search would be interpreted as Apple and Pear in a Keyword Search.

Question 110

Examples of dtSearch syntax using Booleen Operators:

Ex: (Apple and Pear) AND ANY (Grape or Banana)

Answer 110

• Apple and Pear
• Apple and Pear + Grape
• Apple and Pear + Banana
• Apple and Pear + Grape + Banana

Note - There must be a search word(s) before “AND ANY”

Question 111

dT search Syntax Options:

Wild Card

Answer 111

The following characters represent wildcards in dtSearches:

• ?
• *
• ~

Leading wild cards are also allowed, meaning those added to the beginning of a word.

Question 112

Wild Card Special Characters functions:

”?”

Answer 112

Matches any single character.

Question 113

Wild Card Special Characters functions:

”*“

Answer 113

Matches any numbers or characters.

This character slows searches when used near the beginning of the word.

Question 114

Wild Card Special Characters functions:

”~”

Answer 114

Matches words containing grammatical variations of a root word.

The tilde (~) is the stemming character available in dtSearches.

Question 115

dT Search Syntax Options:

Auto Recognition

Answer 115

Auto-recognition is a search index setting enabled by a system admin, which provides you with the ability to search for various date formats, email addresses, and credit card numbers.

This needs to be activated and has a major affect on indexing and search performance.

Question 116

Auto Recognition:

Dates -

Ex: January 10, 2006 or January 10, 2006 to January 20, 2006

Answer 116

date(jan 10 2006)

date(jan 10 2006 to jan 20 2006)

It uses English-language months, including common abbreviations and numerical formats. For example, these date formats are recognized:

• January 15, 2006
• 5 Jan 06
• 2006/01/15
• 1/15/06 • 1-15-06
• The fifteenth of January, two thousand six

Question 117

Auto Recognition:

Email -

Ex: Sales@example.com

Answer 117

Mail(Sales@example.com)

With this feature, you can search for a specific email address regardless of the alphabet settings for the at sign (@), periods (.), or other punctuation in the email address

Question 118

Auto Recognition:

Credit Card

Answer 118

creditcard(1234*)

Searches for any sequence of numbers that matches the syntax for a valid credit card number issued by a major credit card company. A credit card number is recognized regardless of the pattern of spaces or punctuation embedded in the number.

Question 119

dT Search Syntax Options: Fuzzy Searching

Answer 119

The following character represent Fuzzy Searches in dtSearches:

”%”

This will return documents containing spelling variations of a specified term.

The number of percent signs used indicates how many characters in the search term are ignored by the dtSearch engine when it runs the query. The position of the % indicates the number of characters from the beginning of the term that must match exactly with words in the result set

Fuzzy searching may be useful when querying documents that contain misspelled terms, typographical errors, or have been scanned with Optical Character Recognition (OCR).

Question 120

Examples of dtSearch syntax using the Fuzzy Search Operator:

a%%pply

Answer 120

Indicates that a matching word must begin with “a” and di!er from “apply” by only two characters.

Question 121

Examples of dtSearch syntax using the Fuzzy Search Operator:

app%ly

Answer 121

Indicates that a matching word must begin with “app” and di!er from “apply” by only one character

Question 122

dT Search Syntax Options: Stemming

Answer 122

The following character represent Fuzzy Searches in dtSearches:

”~”

Returns documents containing grammatical variations of a root word.

Because stemming only works with the root word, it generally doesn’t return irregular variations of a verb. For example, a search on run~ would not return “ran.”

Question 123

Examples of dtSearch syntax using the Stemming Search Operator:

apply~

Answer 123

Returns documents containing the words “apply,” “applying,” “applies,” and “applied

Question 124

dT Search Syntax Options: Proximity Search

Answer 124

Searches for documents that have words in the proximity of each other.

The operator “Not” can be used in conjunction with all dtSearch proximity searches.

Question 125

Examples of dtSearch syntax using the Proximity Operator:

Apple not w/5 Pear

Answer 125

Returns documents where the word “Apple” appears, but not within 5 words of “Pear.”

Question 126

Examples of dtSearch syntax using the Proximity Operator:

Apple w/5 xlastword

Answer 126

Returns documents where “Apple” appears in the last 6 words of a document

Question 127

Examples of dtSearch syntax using the Proximity Operator:

Apple w/5 xfirstword

Answer 127

Returns documents where “Apple” appears in the first 6 words of a document.

Question 128

Examples of dtSearch syntax using the Proximity Operator:

Apple pre/5 Pear

Answer 128

Returns documents where “Apple” appears first, within 5 words of “Pear.”

Question 129

dT Search Syntax Options: Dictionary Search

Answer 129

Dictionary Search queries the dtSearch index for a term and displays up to a maximum of 2,000 occurrences of the term, in addition to the number of documents that contain it.

You can use this search feature to gather statistics on new terms as they come to light. To access Dictionary Search, click the Dictionary link to the left of Search Terms text entry box.

Question 130

dtSearch Dictionary Search: Fuzziness Level

Answer 130

Select a value from one to ten to determine the degree of variation in the terms returned. A larger number returns terms with more variation.

This option is independent of the fuzziness (%) character that you can enter in the textbox on the Dictionary Search dialog.

Question 131

dtSearch Dictionary Search:

Enable Stemming

Answer 131

Check the box to return grammatical variations of a word. For example, a search on “apply” returns “applying”, “applies” and “applied.”

This option is independent of the stemming (~) character that you can enter in the textbox on the Dictionary Search dialog.

Question 132

dT Search Syntax Options: Stop Words

Answer 132

Certain words are ignored because they do not act as meaningful criteria in a query.

• Punctuation marks
• Single letters
• Numbers
• Words (such as “at”, “a”, “on”, “of”, “it”, and “the”).

Question 133

Examples of dtSearch syntax using Stop Words:

Proof of Purchase

Answer 133

Returns any documents where proof and purchase are separated by any word.

Question 134

Saved Search

Answer 134

A saved search is a saved set of criteria that returns documents that meet that criteria.

You can looks for docs that are have certain fields coded a certain way.

You can also sort criteria to dictate which fields to display in the search results. You can perform a saved searches on the entire workspace, or limit them to selected folders

Saved searches are executed in real-time, so you can save the search conditions but not the results list.

Relativity executes the search each time you select it in the Saved Searches browser. This functionality ensures that only data meeting the search criteria is returned in the result set. It also ensures that any new data added to the workspace is included in the saved search if it matches your search criteria.

Question 135

Saved Search Browser

Answer 135

The Saved Searches browser holds all of the saved searches in your workspace. You can use it to create, organize, edit, and interact with saved searches.

Question 136

Saved Search Browser: What two Modes can you toggle between?

Answer 136

• Search folder tree
• Search list

Question 137

Saved Search Browser: Search Folder Tree

Answer 137

Displays a list of your existing saved searches in nested folder.

Question 138

Saved Search Browser: Search List

Answer 138

To display checkboxes to the left of folders and searches, click the display checkboxes button.

You can then perform mass operations for items that you check.

Question 139

Field Tree Browser

Answer 139

You can use the Field Tree browser to see a list of the search terms from Search Terms Reports and the list of documents that contain each term.

• Folders are named after the Search Terms Report, with a prefix of STR.

Search Terms Reports (STR) identify documents containing specific keywords or terms. You can enter multiple terms and generate a report listing the number of hits for each term in a document.

Question 140

Cluster Browser

Answer 140

You can use the Cluster browser to visualize groups of conceptually similar documents. With clusters, you can identify conceptual groups in a workspace or subset of documents using an existing Analytics index

Question 141

Conceptual Analytics:

Keywords Expansion

Answer 141

Unlike traditional methods of data analysis, that depend on exact text and word order, conceptual analytics tools are concerned with a document’s conceptual content

Question 142

Conceptual Analytics

Answer 142

Unlike traditional methods of data analysis, that depend on exact text and word order, conceptual analytics tools are concerned with a document’s conceptual content

Question 143

Data Analysis Features

Answer 143

• Pivot
• Dashboards

Question 144

CORE REVIEWER INTERFACE

Question 145

What is the Core Reviewer ?

Answer 145

You can use the core reviewer interface to review and interact with your documents. There are four main areas you can use during the review process

Question 146

Four Main Areas that are used during the Review Process

Answer 146

• Persistent Highlight Sets pane
• Relativity viewer
• Layouts (coding forms)
• Related Items pane

Question 147

IMAGING

Answer 147

A system admin can give you permission to replace a document’s native file, image a single document on-the-fly, upload a new image for a document, or delete all images for a single document. You can do this using the Imaging Options toolbar.

Question 148

What are the different imaging icons

Question 149

DOCUMENT VIEW SELECTOR

Answer 149

You can view documents in viewer, image, long text, and production modes.

Question 150

Viewer Mode

Answer 150

The Viewer opens the document using the Relativity native file viewer. It provides a print preview that shows how the file would look in its native application. In the viewer, email attachments also display in the header, with the attachment’s file extension.

• To download the native version of a document, click the file icon in the upper-left corner of the viewer

Question 151

Viewer Mode - Document Intelligence

Answer 151

Relativity notifies the user if hidden content is present in the current document in the viewer. Hidden text, slides, rows, columns, comments, speaker notes, track changes, and Excel formulas are all visible in the viewer. Document intelligence is available for Excel, PowerPoint, Word, and PDF. When a document contains hidden text, a notification appears in the viewer. Once the notifications appear, you can choose whether or not to show the items in the annotation bar.

Question 152

Image Mode

Answer 152

Image mode displays a TIFF or JPEG version of the document. Image mode is available only if an image has been loaded or created. You can highlight and redact images in this mode.

Question 153

Long Text Mode

Answer 153

The long text radio button displays a drop-down menu of extracted text and all long text fields that have been made available in the viewer. For example, in addition to a document’s extracted text, there might also be a long text field for translations of foreign language documents

Question 154

Production Mode

Answer 154

If your workspace contains images that are part of a production, you can see the production radio button as the final option on the Document View Selector. You can use this drop-down to navigate between various produced images. You can see this option only if you have permission to view production images.

Question 155

Redaction Types

Answer 155

• Black
• Cross
• Text
• White
• Inverse
• Full page
• Mass

Question 156

Redaction Type - Black

Answer 156

Creates a solid black box on the document, similar to using a black marker.

Question 157

Redaction Type - Cross

Answer 157

Creates a white redaction box with a black border and a black X from corner to corner

Question 158

Redaction Type - Text

Answer 158

Creates a white redaction box with black text. The size of the text within the redaction fills the box by default. Once created, you can edit redaction text by right-clicking on the textbox and selecting Edit. The Enter Redaction Text pop-up opens for you to enter your desired redaction text.

Question 159

Redaction Type - White

Answer 159

Creates a solid white box on the document, outlined in gray for better visiblity in the viewer. However, the gray border won’t be printed or produced.

Question 160

Redaction Type - Inverse

Answer 160

Creates a black redaction across the entire page, except where you initially drew the redaction. A blue cast indicates where the black redaction is created, and the white box indicates the area that is not redacted. You can apply an inverse redaction and other redactions on the same document.

Question 161

Redaction Type - Full Page

Answer 161

Covers the entire page of a document. The full-page redaction options consist of black box, white box, textbox, and cross redactions

Question 162

Redaction Type - Mass

Answer 162

Applies a redaction to a range of pages or all pages in a document.

Question 163

Show Markup History

Answer 163

By clicking on show markup history, the following info will be displayed:

• Action - Tracks markup creation, deletion, and resizing.
• User name - Indicates who performed the action.
• Time Stamp - Displays when the action was performed

Question 164

Markup Navigation Pane

Answer 164

Use the Markup Navigation Pane to locate all markups throughout a document. It will display a list of:

• Redactions and highlights users created in the document
• References to their page numbers
• References to parent markup sets

Click any of the hyperlinks under Markup Type, the page and location of where the markup was added appears.

Question 165

Navigation Bar

Answer 165

You can easily move through documents loaded into the viewer by using the Navigation Bar located in the upper-right corner of the core reviewer interface. Simply click the arrows to find a document. You can go back and forth between documents or navigate directly to the first or last document in your returned set. You can also type a number into the textbox and press the Enter key to move to that particular document.

Question 166

Core Reviewer Interface Toggle Features

Answer 166

• Keyboard short cuts
• Show/hide Document list
• Dock/Undock Document Reviewer
• Swap Panes
• Standalone document reviewer
• Show hide tab strip
  *

Question 167

Core Reviewer Interface Toggle Features: Keyboard Short Cuts

Answer 167

Relativity has a set of standard keyboard shortcuts for various navigational commands. However, you can also assign keyboard commands to fields or choices. If you have the permissions to edit fields and choices, you can create additional shortcuts using the Keyboard Shortcuts property on the field or choice

Question 168

Core Reviewer Interface Toggle Features: Show/Hide Document List

Answer 168

Sometimes it is helpful to see both the document list and the coding layout at the same time, as they contain di!erent sets of information. The Show/Hide Document List tool is located in the upper-right section of the core reviewer interface.

Question 169

Core Reviewer Interface Toggle Features: Dock/Undock Document Viewer

Answer 169

The viewer can be docked or undocked from the core reviewer interface depending on your preference. This is particularly helpful in situations where you have more than one monitor. If selected, the viewer opens in a new window. Once you are finished, click the Return to Document List link and the standalone viewer disappears

Question 170

Core Reviewer Interface Toggle Features: Swap Panes

Answer 170

The Swap Panes toggle option switches the locations of the viewer and the layout so that whichever is on the left side flips to the right side and vice-versa.

Question 171

Core Reviewer Interface Toggle Features: Standalone Document Reviewer

Answer 171

To view a document in a separate browser window, click the Launch Standalone Document Viewer icon in the upper-right section of the core reviewer interface. This option opens another viewer pane with an Unsynced designation at the top of the screen. This means that the standalone viewer is not synchronized with the interface. To synchronize the standalone viewer with the core viewer, click Unsynced. This switches the standalone viewer setting to Synced where you can view text and images, natives, and productions side by side while navigating through the document list.

Question 172

Core Reviewer Interface Toggle Features: Show/Hide Tab Strip

Answer 172

The Show/Hide Tab Strip icon changes the viewer display settings so you can see the tab strip as it would appear when viewing the document list. Toggling this feature on displays the workspace name and the user drop-down menu so you can add a document as a favorite or access your Favorites list from within the viewer.

Question 173

Layouts

Answer 173

Layouts are web-based coding forms where you can view and edit document information. To access a layout, click on a document’s control number, or the edit link to open the document in edit mode. Layouts hold information like fields, choices, and text. For example, there are often layouts specifically for first pass review, second pass review, QC round, or privilege review. These layouts would contain di!erent fields and choices because they serve di!erent purposes. In addition to coding, layouts can also provide additional information that may be pertinent to the case or document.

Question 174

Related Items Strip

Answer 174

A document can be related to other documents, for example, an email with an attachment is part of a family. Or, a document could be a duplicate—the same document might be sent to you and someone else to save, for instance. These document relationships are captured via relational fields. Other common relational groups are email threads and textual near duplicates. Common examples include family groups, duplicates, email threads, and textual near duplicates.

• Related Items Icons - To open the Related Items Pane within the viewer, you must first click on one of the Related Items icons at the bottom of the layout. Selecting one of these options displays a group of documents related to the active document. Depending on your permissions and how your workspace is set up, these icons and options can vary. Hover over each icon to display the name of the item.

Question 175

Persistent Highlights Pane

Answer 175

Persistent highlight sets are reusable and transferable highlight parameters controlled by your admin to find specified terms within your document set. If there are any persistent highlight sets in your workspace, you can see them displayed in the left-most panel of the core reviewer interface by clicking the Show/Hide Persistent Highlight Sets toggle icon.

Your workspace might have more than one persistent highlight set. Once visible, each set can be turned on/o! by clicking on its light bulb icon. An additional light bulb is present if the current document is being viewed as the result of a search in order to see the search term hits. You can expand and collapse each persistent highlight set by clicking the plus and minus signs next to the name of the set. If the document you are currently viewing contains any of the terms specified in the set, you can view those terms and the number of times they appear in the document when you expand the set.

Question 176

Short Message Viewer

Answer 176

A Relativity Short Message Format (RSMF) file is an RFC 5322 (Internet Message Format) standards compliant file that encapsulates normalized short message data. The data can come from text messages like SMS or Apple iMessage, or it can come from instant messenger services such as Skype, Bloomberg, or Slack.

The Relativity Short Message Viewer displays various types of conversations and individual messages. You can use the Short Message Viewer’s built-in capabilities to find participant names, specific statements, or emojis in conversations. Additionally, you can easily find what was said during a particular time period by using the Timeline Navigator.

Question 177

WHAT ARE THE FILTER TYPES?

Answer 177

• Boolean filters
• Numeric filters
• List filters
• Date filters
• Multilist filters
• Textbox filters

Question 178

BOOLEAN FILTERS - Fields availble

Answer 178

Boolean filters are available only on Yes/No field types.

Ex:

• Has Natives
• Has Images

Question 179

NUMERIC FILTERS- Fields available

Answer 179

Available for the following field types only:

• Decimal
• Whole number
• currency

Question 180

LIST FILTERS - Fields Available

Answer 180

Available for the following field types only:

• Single Choice
• Single Object
• User
• Fixed Length text

These are frequently associated with coding documents

Notes:

Fields that contain a large number of items may also cause the List filter to take longer to populate. For fields that may contain a large number of choices, you can designate a Popup filter instead.

Fixed Length Text fields - if the field contains more than 255 items, the List filter type you specify for the field will revert to the Textbox filter type and an error will be written to the Error Log when you visit a Document list view containing the field.

Single Choice / Single Object fields - if the field contains more than 255 items, the List filter type you specify for the field will revert to None (disabled) and an error will be written to the Error Log when you visit a Document list view containing the field.

Question 181

DATE FILTERS - Operators available

Answer 181

Operators are available:

• All
• Not Set
• Is
• is before
• Is before or On
• Is after
• Is after or on
• Between

Question 182

MULTI LIST FILTERS - Fields available

Answer 182

Available Fields

• Mulitple Choice
• Mulitple Object
• Single Choice

Question 183

TEXT BOX FILTERS - Fields and operators

Answer 183

Available for the following field types only:

• Fixed Length
• Long Text
• Date
• Whole number
• Decimal
• Currency
• Object

You can also connect with these operators:

• AND
• OR
• IS SET
• IS NOT SET
• BETWEEN
• = (equal)
• >= (greater than or equal to)
• <= (less than or equal to

Question 184

EXAMPLES OF VALID TEXT BOX SEARCH STRINGS

Answer 184

Question 185

INVALID TEXT BOX SEARCH STRINGS

Answer 185

Question 186

TEXT BOX FILTERING - ALPHABETIC

Answer 186

Question 187

TEXT BOX DATES AND NUMBER FILTERING

Answer 187

Question 188

INVALID DATA AND SEARCH STRINGS

Answer 188

Question 189

Email Thread Visualization

(EVT)

Answer 189

Question 190

EVT

Coding highlighting

Answer 190

Question 191

Creating and managing search conditions

Answer 191

• Filters
• Search Panel
• Saved Searches
• Lists

Question 192

Analytics For Review

Answer 192

• Email threading and email thread visualization (ETV)
• Textual near duplicate identification
• Language identification
• Find similar documents
• Keyword expansion

Question 193

Textual Near Duplicate Identification

Answer 193

Textual near duplicate identification analyzes a document for exact syntax, word order, and word count, and groups documents with similar text patterns together into relational groups. You can then use this analysis to review a set of documents that are extremely similar, but not identical to each other. For example, you may need to ensure a series of very similar reports are coded the same way. In situations like these, you can use a view that displays textual near duplicates, or you can include textual near duplicates in your existing view using the Include Related Documents drop-down.

Question 194

Language Identification

Answer 194

Language identification looks at the extracted text of each document to determine the primary language and up to two secondary languages present. You can see how many languages are present in your data set, and the percentages of each language by document. You can then easily separate documents by language and batch them out to native speakers for review. After running language identification, you can review the Language Identification Summary report to get an overview of the results.

Question 195

Find Similar Documents

Answer 195

Use the Find Similar Documents feature from within the viewer to quickly access a group of conceptually related documents. From the core reviewer interface, right-click on the current document in the viewer and select Find Similar Documents from the menu. Relativity identifies a group of related documents and displays them as search results in the Related Items Pane. Unlike textual near duplicate identification, which analyzes precise word count and order, the Find Similar Documents feature ranks the documents based on the conceptual similarity of their content rather than a strict word comparison.

Question 196

Keyword Expansion

Answer 196

You can use keyword expansion to identify conceptually related terms to a single term you select. Note that “conceptually related” doesn’t necessarily mean that the results will be synonyms of the submitted text. Instead, Relativity will return terms that are associated with your search words, and terms that are about the ideas they represent within your document set. You can use keyword expansion to see how different language is used to express the same concept, or to identify other terms and words in your index to use as search terms.

Question 197

Working with Entities and Aliases​

Answer 197

Name Normalization analyzes email document headers to identify all aliases (proper names, email addresses, etc.) and the entities (person, distribution group, etc.) those aliases belong to. Aliases are identified during the name normalization operation in Analytics. Once name normalization runs, you can navigate to the Entities tab to see a list of all aliases in the workspace. You will also have access to a variety of Entity fields that you can use to return participants involved in a conversation.

Question 198

Active Learning

Answer 198

Active Learning is an application used to help expedite a review workflow. Your admin can set up your Active Learning project and create a single choice field for reviewers to code relevance. Once reviewers are added to the Active Learning project and start the review, reviewers can access the project and begin coding documents. Coding decisions are ingested by the Active Learning model and, in turn, help the model improve which documents are served to reviewers.

Your Active Learning project consists of a unique project homepage. If you are set up as the project admin, you can monitor certain metrics on this homepage to determine when the project is complete, and when it’s time to take a sample for validation. This homepage is a dashboard that displays key information about the project.

Question 199

Important Aspects of the Active Learning Homepage

Answer 199

1. Project Size - The number of documents in the project.
2. Coded [Positive Choice] - The number of documents coded with the positive designation on the review field. These documents are used to teach the Active Learning model.
3. Coded [Negative Choice] - The number of documents coded with the negative designation on the review field. These documents are used to teach the Active Learning model.
4. Skipped - The number of documents served to a reviewer that weren’t coded.
5. Document Rank Distribution - This chart lays out all of the project’s documents, and displays their relevance rank from 0 to 100. Documents with a relevance rank closer to 0 are less likely to be considered as relevant to the reviewer, and documents closer to 100 are more likely to be coded as relevant.
6. Prioritized Review Progress - This chart displays the effectiveness of the queue’s ability to locate the relevant documents by measuring the project’s relevance rate. Relevance rate measures the percentage of documents that were predicted to be relevant that were then confirmed as relevant by reviewers’ coding decisions.
   a. You may see a spike in the relevance rate if a large amount of new documents are added to the project, or if the definition of relevance changes during the course of the review. Eventually, the relevance rate will plateau and decline. Declines in relevance rate indicate that the project is near completion since the model is serving up fewer relevant documents to reviewers.
7. Review Statistics - In the Review Statistics tab, you’ll find data summarizing Prioritized Review, Coverage Review, Manually-Selected Documents and Elusion Tests

Question 200

Case Metrics

Answer 200

Consists of 3 reports:

• Reviewer Choices Report: Measures how reviewers code documents.
• Reviewer Statistics Report: Measures how much time reviewers spend reviewing documents.
• Reviewer Overturn Report: Measures accuracy of coding decisions.
• Reviewer Metrics dashboard: Contains four interactive widgets that display reviewer performance information, such as total usage time per user, distinct edits per hours per user, distinct edits per reviewer, and extracted text by user

Question 201

Creating Batches - Batch Fields

Answer 201

• Batch Set
• Batch
• Batch Status
• Batch Unit
• Assigned to
• Batch Size

Question 202

Batch Fields​ - Batch Set

Answer 202

The set to which the batch belongs

Question 203

Batch Fields - Batch

Answer 203

The name of the batch

Question 204

Batch Fields - Batch Status

Answer 204

The status of the batch (3)

• Blank
• In progress - currently checked out
• Completed - batch is checked in as completed

Question 205

Batch Fields - Batch Unit

Answer 205

The optional grouping condition on the batch

Question 206

Batch Field - Assigned To

Answer 206

The reviewer who has checked out the batch

Question 207

Batch Fields - Reviewed

Answer 207

Specifies whether the batch has been reviewed.

Question 208

Batch Fields - Batch Size

Answer 208

The number of records in the batch

Question 209

New Batch Set Information Form Fields

Answer 209

• Name - Name of the Batch Set
• Maximum Batch Size
• Batch prefix
• Batch Data Source - The saved search you want to batch documents from
• Batch Unit Field - an optional grouping mechanism, enabling you to group similar documents in the same batch. Documents with different values in a batch unit field are not included in the same batch unless the Family Field would override this.

*A common batch unit field is custodian. However, you can use any single choice, multi- choice, single object or non-relational and non-system fixed length text field.

When using multiple choice fields for the Batch Unit Field, the choice values must be the same in order for them to be grouped in a batch. If the combination of choices is unique enough for the choice values, the documents are batched in separate batch groups.

• Family Field - you can select your workspace group identifier. Documents in a family group are not split across batches, even if their batch unit field differs.
• Reviewed Field - an optional field that you can select from any yes/no, single-choice, or multi- choice field from the drop-down menu. Based on your selection, a tally is kept of how many doc- uments in the batch have been reviewed. The batch set monitors the field you specify as the Reviewed Field. It also increments a count for each document in the batch that has been coded with a value for that field.

Question 210

Batch Permissions

Answer 210

Batch - a group of documents assembled based on criteria that an admin sets and then assigns to a reviewer for review.

Edit- group members can view, check out, and edit batches.

Delete- group members can view, edit, and delete batches.

Viewing and checking out (editing) available batches requires access to the Review Batches or Batch Sets tab.

Adding batches requires access to the Batch Sets tab.

Editing security on batches requires access to the Review Batches or Batch Sets tab.

Batch Set - the set to which the batch belongs.

Using any Batch Set permissions requires access to the Batch Sets tab.

Question 211

Active Learning - Reviewer Permissions

Answer 211

If Browser permissions are set only to Advanced & Saved Searches, reviewers can’t access the Reviewer page.

The review group must have access to all documents in the Active Learning project. If documents are not accessible (for example, documents stored in a secured folder) they are not served to reviewers in the queue

Question 212

Name Normalization

Answer 212

Name Normalization analyzes email document headers to identify all aliases (proper names, email addresses, etc.) and the entities (person, distribution group, etc.) those aliases belong to. Name normalization automatically merges entities with those created by Legal Hold, Processing, or Case Dynamics.

Question 213

Name normalization overview

Answer 213

First, the operation parses header data (From, To, Cc, Bcc) from every segment within an email document using the same logic as email threading.

Once the header data is parsed, name normalization identifies aliases within each section, looking for semi-colon delimiters to identify multiple aliases. Each unique alias is stored and matched with an unnamed entity.

Question 214

Name Normalization - Entities and Aliases

Answer 214

Entity - either a person or company, generally a person

Alias - the name and other email addresses.

• Name normalization uses logic to match alias siblings to the same Entity
• Entities with the same first and last name are merged together
• Entities identified by name normalization are automatically merged with those created by Legal Hold, Processing, or Case Dynamics when their first and last name values match.
• One can assign an alias to an entity by using the mass operation on aliases tab - “Assign to an entity”.
• You can then use the communication widget to visualize communication frequencies, patterns, and networks between the entities linked to the documents in the view

Question 215

Two different ways to search documents

Answer 215

• Documents tab - by using the search bar to search a keyword query or use the drop down for a different index query.

Question 216

Saving Filters as a Search

Answer 216

Question 217

Keyword Search -

Operators

Answer 217

• AND
• OR
• NOT
• *
• ” _”

Question 218

Keyword Search Strings:

Parenthesis

EX: computer AND (wired OR magazine)

Answer 218

The word computer and the word wired OR the word computer and the word magazine

Question 219

Keyword Search Strings: Order of Precedence when there are no parenthesis

Answer 219

AND is first

When a search string does not include parentheses, the order of precedence for a keyword search evaluates AND then OR expressions.

For example, the search string A AND B OR C is evaluated as (A AND B) OR C.

Question 220

Using the NOT operator in keyword searches​

EX: Query for email messages that have Ryan as the author, but do not have Will as the recipient.

Answer 220

Question 221

Running a keyword search in the search panel

Answer 221

1. Navigate to the Search panel in the Documents Tab.
2. Click Add Condition.
3. Select (Index Search) in the Add Condition drop-down menu. The (Index Search) window opens.
4. Select Keyword Search from the drop-down Index. Searching Guide 30
5. Enter terms for the search in the Search Terms box.
6. Optionally, select the Sort By Rankoption to return results in order by relevance. The most relevant documents are listed at the top of the result set.
7. Click Apply.
8. (Optional) Add any additional conditions through the Add Condition drop-down menu.
9. Click Run Search. To stop a long running search, click Cancel

Question 222

Running a keyword search in the Search browser

Answer 222

1. Click icon for search to access the search browser from the document list.
2. Click New Search.
3. Set required fields.
4. Click Add Condition.
5. Select (Index Search) in the Add Condition drop-down menu. The (Index Search) window opens.
6. Select Keyword Search from the Index drop-down menu.
7. Enter terms for the search in the Search Terms box.
8. Optionally, select the Sort By Rank option to return results in order by relevance. The most relevant documents are listed at the top of the result set.
9. Click Apply.
10. (Optional) Add any additional conditions through the Add Condition drop-down menu.
11. Click Save or Save As.
12. Click the name of the keyword search in the search browser. 1
13. Click Run Search. To stop a long running search, click Cancel.

Question 223

Search panel - Access and Permissions

Answer 223

The search panel is available for the Document list and for many other tabs in Relativity.

Permissions:

• To access search indexes (Keyword search, dtSearch, Analytics, and Data Grid), from the Add Conditions drop-down menu, you must have View Search Index permissions.
• To view and select fields from the Add Conditions drop-down menu, you must have Edit Search permissions.

If neither permission is present, the search panel buttons will not appear.

Question 224

Expanding and collapsing the search panel

Answer 224

Question 225

Search Panel - Using the auto-run search setting

Answer 225

A setting at the bottom of the searching panel allows you to automatically update your data when you select new conditions. With Auto-run search set to On, each condition that you select from the searching panel will cause the page to auto-refresh and display updated data based on the new condition.

Question 226

Search Conditions

Answer 226

You can use the search conditions option to build complex queries by selecting fields, operators, and values. While this feature has the same functionality as the search condition section of the saved search form, it’s conveniently available from the Documents tab and Relativity Dynamic Object tabs. This option displays up to five rows, with each row representing a separate criterion. Depending on the type of field you select, different operators appear. You can use this option alone or in conjunction with keyword searches, dtSearches, Analytics, or Cluster visualization. When you use search options in conjunction with another search feature, documents must both meet the search criteria and also the conditions specified.

*To use the search conditions option, you must have add or edit permissions for Search and access to the Saved Searches Browser assigned to you through the Security page.

Question 227

Setting Up Search Conditions - Search Panel

Answer 227

1. Navigate to the Search Builder.
2. Click Add Condition and select the fields to which you want to apply conditions. A pop-up window opens for each condition field you select.
3. Set the required conditions in the relevant field pop-up window.
4. Click Apply.
5. (Optional) Click Add Logic Group to add a logic group. Logic groups are evaluated first, and then connected to other filter conditions or logic groups using AND / OR operators.
6. (Optional) Drag and drop conditions together to create logic groups.
7. (Optional) Add the AND or OR operators to connect the criterion.
8. Click Apply. If you need to edit the condition, click on the condition card. The pop-up reopens so you can make changes.

Question 228

Setting Up Search Conditions - Search Browser

Answer 228

1. Click the search icon to navigate to the Search Browser.
2. Click New Search.
3. Click Add Condition and select the fields to which you want to apply conditions. A pop-up window opens for each condition field you select.
4. Set the required conditions in the relevant field pop-up window.
5. Click Apply.
6. (Optional) Click Add Logic Group to add a logic group and drag and drop your conditions into the frames. Logic groups are evaluated first and then connected to other filter conditions or logic groups using AND / OR operators.
7. (Optional) Add the AND or OR operators to connect the criterion.
8. Enter all required fields.
9. Click Save or Save As. If you need to edit the condition, click on the condition card. The pop-up reopens so you can make changes

Question 229

Using the multiple object condition builder

Answer 229

You can set conditions for multiple object fields from a single pop-up window. The following example uses Batch as a multiple object field condition. To use the multi-object condition builder, follow these steps:

1. Click Add Condition from the Search browser or Search panel.
2. Enter or select Batch. The Condition: Batch window opens. 3. Select the desired operator from the Operator drop-down list. For example, these conditions.
3. Click Add Condition.
4. Select the condition from the Add Condition drop-down list. For example, Batch:: Batch Set.
5. Click the available fields from the Available column and move them to the Selected column as desired.
6. Click Apply.
7. (Optional) Click Add Logic Group to add a logic group. Logic groups are evaluated first and then connected to other filter conditions or logic groups using AND / OR operators.
8. (Optional) Drag and drop conditions into logic groups as desired. 1
9. Click Apply on the Condition: Batch window. Relativity applies your search conditions.

Question 230

Multiple Object Searching

Answer 230

When searching using These Conditions or NOT These Conditions, keep in mind the following:

• These Conditions - returns a document if any of the RDOs that document is associated with matches the search criteria.
• NOT These Conditions - returns all documents that are not associated with at least one RDO that meets the criteria.
• If a document is not associated with the object you’re searching, it won’t be returned in a search for These Conditions.

Question 231

Imaging on the fly

Answer 231

After imaging a document on the fly, you can access thumbnail renderings of the imaged pages of the document. Imaging some file formats can cause problems. Consider the following:

• Many PDFs render and image very well. However, you may have problems rendering and imaging some PDFs due to the variety of their content.
• While most Microsoft Office documents render and image well, you may experience issues when imaging documents with embedded files.
• You may have problems rendering and imaging vector-based documents like Visio and CAD

Question 232

IMAGING

Answer 232

You can use imaging to convert a group of documents to images using imaging profiles and sets. You can fine-tune how your images generate by creating reusable profiles that use specific image settings.

With imaging sets, you can image a group of documents by selecting a saved search and a specific imaging profile. Imaging sets also provide error-handling functionality you can use to view error messages and rerun imaging on specific documents or jobs.

Question 233

IMAGING PERMISSIONS

Answer 233

Question 234

Mass Imaging

Answer 234

Mass imaging creates TIFF or JPEG images for a document set based on the settings in the imaging profile you select. Relativity also provides a default imaging profile that you can use out-of-the-box. You can customize profiles to create color JPEG images, adjust image size, and leverage other formatting options. Mass image is available from the mass operations bar.

Question 235

Using Mass Operations

Answer 235

• Cancel Production Job
• Mass edit
• Mass copy
• Mass move
• Mass delete
• Mass Save as PDF
• Mass replace
• Mass image
• Tally/sum/average
• Send to CaseMap
• Mass export to file
• Mass convert
• Move to folder path
• Mass Save as List
• Mass print images
• Mass cluster
• Set long text field size
• Invite users

Question 236

Mass Operations - Cancel Print Job

Answer 236

Question 237

Mass Operations - Mass Edit

Answer 237

You can use the mass edit operation to modify fields and coding values for multiple documents or objects at the same time. You can use any layout that you have rights to. Mass edit is available from the mass operations bar.

Question 238

Working with multi-choice fields on the mass edit form

Answer 238

In the mass edit form, there are two options for editing multi-choice fields: a checkbox or a pop-up picker. When you select the pop-up picker as the display type during the layout build, there are two options to edit the field: Check and Uncheck.

Click Check to create a list of items to add to the field. Click Uncheck to create a list of items to remove from the field. Items not selected remain unchanged. Clicking either Check or Uncheck opens the Available Items window.

From the Available Items window, you can move choices and objects into the Selected Items list below. Select the check box next to the desired selection, and then click Add. This builds a list in the bottom window of selected items. To remove something from this list, select it and click Remove. Click Set to proceed with the action to Check or Uncheck the items from the field. Cancel stops any action.

Question 239

Mass Operations - Mass Delete

Answer 239

You can use the Mass delete operation to remove a group of documents or objects from Relativity in a single operation. When you delete documents, you can also remove their images and natives from the file servers. Mass delete is available from the mass operations bar.

If you have the appropriate permissions, you may also be able to force delete documents and certain objects, which includes unlinking associative objects and deleting child objects. This option is available when you have the Delete Object Dependencies permission listed in the Admin Operations section of the security page.

• You can’t undo a mass delete operation
• You can’t use mass operations on Data Grid-enabled fields.

Question 240

Permissions for Mass Delete

Answer 240

Question 241

Mass Deletions - Enabling or disabling snapshot auditing on delete

Answer 241

When performing a delete, you can optionally create a snapshot of the current field values in the deleted record. Relativity stores this data in the history for the workspace. While you can enable this property to facilitate searching workspace history, it can also significantly increase the size of the audit table for the workspace. Disabling snapshot and removing any PreDeleteHandlers on the document object will improve mass delete performance. For information on PreDeleteHandlers, see Pre Mass Delete event handlers.

To enable or disable this option, navigate to the Object Type tab, and edit the Document object type.

Note: Enabling Snapshot Auditing On Delete increases the database size.

Question 242

Mass Operations - Mass Replace

Answer 242

You can use the mass replace operation to replace existing long or fixed-length field text with new content. Mass replace is available from the mass operations bar.

Note: You can’t use mass operations on Data Grid-enabled fields.

Question 243

Mass Operations - Tally/Sum/Average

Answer 243

You can use the tally/sum/average operation to tally, sum, or average the values of fields associated with documents or objects.

Note: You can only use tally/sum/average on fixed-length text, choice, user, and number fields.

This operation is commonly used to determine the number of pages in a print job or production. For documents, it’s recorded under the document history. Tally/sum/average is available from the mass operations bar.

Note: You can’t use mass operations on Data Grid-enabled fields.

Question 244

Mass Operations - Mass Convert

Answer 244

Mass convert will pre-convert a large set of documents into HTML5 format before review. By using mass convert you can eliminate document load time in the viewer. This operation is only available on the Document object. Mass convert is available from the mass operations bar.

Note: You can’t use mass operations on Data Grid-enabled fields.

Question 245

Mass Operations - Set Long Text Size

Answer 245

You can use the set long text field size operation to calculate long text size and save the value in a decimal field for each selected document. The mass operation is available from the mass operations bar. You can use the mass operation with Data Grid-enabled or SQL extracted text fields. This feature is useful when creating views and saved searches of documents based on long text size. In Relativity, long text is declared as an uncompressed nvarchar(max). This means it will always hold each character as 2 bytes in terms of how this operation calculates the size of the long text field.

*To enable the mass operation in your Relativity instance, you must import the Long Text Size application from the application library. To do this, you must have the appropriate admin rights.

Question 246

Mass Operations - Invite Users

Answer 246

You can use the Invite operation to send out invitation to newly-created users to log in to Relativity and set their passwords. The mass operation is available from the mass operations bar. This feature is useful when you setting up a large number of reviewers in a new case.

Note: You can’t use mass operations on Data Grid-enabled fields.

To send invitations to multiple users:

Navigate to the Users tab.

Question 247

Relativity Short Message Format

Answer 247

Relativity has created a Viewer experience to help you review and produce short message data similar to a conventional document. The data can come from text messages like SMS or Apple iMessage or it can come from instant messenger services such as Skype, Bloomberg, Slack, etc.

To begin viewing short message data in Relativity, you must create a “Relativity Short Message Format” file (RSMF) from the database export of the chat platform you are collecting from. Relativity does not automatically convert raw exports of databases to RSMF.

Question 248

Relativity Short Message Viewer

Answer 248

Short Message Viewer mode displays an HTML rendering of the message or conversation including attachments, reactions, events, and emojis. Viewer mode provides options for navigating through a single document and between documents in a document set. In Short Message Viewer mode you can also conduct text searching and highlighting text to copy and paste.

Viewer mode provides the following toolbar options:

*Relativity automatically hides toolbar buttons and controls that aren’t applicable to the currently loaded document type so that your toolbar isn’t cluttered while you’re reviewing documents.

Question 249

Relativity Short Message Viewer - Search for Emojis

Answer 249

To search for terms in the Search Bar, consider the following:

Entering a term and either clicking the left or right arrow button or pressing Enter in this text box scrolls to and highlights the text of the next instance of the term (from the placement of the cursor).

Searching in Search Bar is not case sensitive.

Search results match partially-entered words.

Matching is done on the literal character typed into the Search Bar, including non-alphanumeric characters. This means that the viewer doesn’t treat non-alphanumeric characters as wildcards. To find variations on words or phrases use an asterisk (*).

Question 250

Relativity Short Message Viewer - Platform Icons

Answer 250

Question 251

Relativity Short Message Viewer - Conversation Pane

Question 252

Active Learning - Reviewer Access

Answer 252

Project Document View -

Upon saving a new project, Relativity creates a new document list view that’s tied to the Active Learning project. This is the only place a logged in user can enter a project queue. This view is automatically secured to the reviewers and returns documents previously reviewed by the currently logged in reviewers. When a reviewer first accesses the view, no documents appear because none have been coded. Documents appear in the list as the reviewer codes documents from the Active Learning queue.

The project document view enables or disables reviewer access based on whether or not the logged in reviewer is added to the queue in the Active Learning project.

Question 253

Active Learning - In Active Reviewer

Answer 253

In Active Reviewer - If a reviewer hasn’t been added to the queue or if the queue is paused, they can’t access the Active Learning queue from the project document view. The reviewer can still access the view but only for reviewing previously coded documents. An inactive reviewer can still code documents outside the queue if they have permissions to do so.

Question 254

Active Learning - Active Reviewer

Answer 254

If a reviewer is added to the queue and the queue is enabled, a blue banner appears in the project document view with a Start Review button. Clicking Start Review begins the review process for that logged in user.

If the queue is disabled or a reviewer is removed from the queue while reviewing documents, a warning message will appear.

Question 255

Active Learning - Review workflow

Answer 255

The reviewer clicks Start Review to access the Active Learning queue viewer and start reviewing documents. This viewer looks the same no matter which type of queue is active. The Active Learning viewer contains the same functionality available in the standard viewer for non-Active Learning projects.

Relativity checks the following before assigning a document to a reviewer:

The current reviewer has permission to the document

The document has not been coded already

The document is not assigned to any other active reviewer

Documents can only be assigned to one reviewer except in cases where the reviewer leaves the viewer without making a coding decision or is automatically logged out. When this happens, the queue can reassign the document. You can view the reviewer assignment from the Project Reviewers::User field.

Reviewers code documents on the review field specified for the project and then click Save and Next to get a new document. They can also code other fields not associated with the project. Reviewers can skip documents without making a coding decision unless the review field is a required field. They can also click to skip the current document and open a new document. In the upper right of the viewer, reviewers can see a running count of all documents they’ve coded in the project, including skipped documents. Skipped documents are also reflected in the Admin dashboard on Project Home.

Question 256

Active Learning process

Answer 256

The actual Active Learning process takes place using a combination of time and detection of new coding decisions. By default, the classification index rebuilds every 20 minutes since the last completed build. However, if Active Learning detects reviewer inactivity of at least five minutes, a build will take place before the twenty-minute threshold is reached.

Question 257

Active Learning viewer protocol

Answer 257

Best results are achieved when the reviewer codes based on the so-called “four corners rule”. This means that a document should be judged responsive or not responsive based solely on the extracted text of that document only. Although individual anomalies will not hurt the algorithm, too many in aggregate could cause a higher error rate.

Question 258

Active Learning queue relational functionality

Answer 258

The Active Learning queue does not serve up family members. However, relational functionality and email thread visualization is available for family-based review. If family members are coded and they are included in the Active Learning project, those documents contribute to the project and are reported as manually-selected documents.

Question 259

Active Learning - Prioritized Review

Answer 259

The Prioritized Review queue serves documents that are most likely to be coded on the positive choice (ex. Relevant) with a small set of documents included for index health. The documents included for index health are system-selected to help the model develop a better range of training. Any coded document contributes to the model’s learning

Question 260

Active Learning - Coverage Review

Answer 260

Coverage Review serves up documents that are optimal for training the model. The goal of Coverage Review is to quickly separate your documents into the positive choice and negative choice categories. Unlike Prioritized Review, which serves up the highest ranking documents, Coverage Review is intended for quick production use cases where you want to train the model as fast as possible.

The documents that are served up during Coverage Review can be either relevant or non-relevant and are the most impactful to training the model. Coverage Review begins by serving the documents the model is most unsure about - these are documents with a rank near 50. Coverage Review continues serving up documents until there are no longer any documents to review.

Special considerations

In order to make the Coverage Review even more efficient, we recommend suppressing duplicate documents from your Active Learning project on project setup. For more information, see Project setup.

The Active Learning model only builds once you have at least five documents coded with the positive choice and five coded with the negative choice.

Question 261

Active Learning - Elusion Test

Answer 261

An Elusion Test is used to validate the accuracy of an Active Learning project. The goal of the Elusion Test is to estimate how many low-ranked documents are actually highly relevant documents that you would leave behind if you stopped the project at that point. We recommend running the Elusion Test near the end of the project when you believe the project has stabilized and the low-ranking documents have an acceptably low relevance rate. However, you can run an Elusion Test at any point during the project.

When you run the Elusion Test, you specify either the number of documents in the sample or the confidence level, margin of error, and rank cutoff. The elusion sample is taken from the not coded documents below the specified rank cutoff. The not coded documents include documents never reviewed and documents that were skipped. Reviewers then code these documents on the same project review field to see what relevant documents remain, which ultimately result in elusion calculations.

The following are helpful definitions to better understand elusion calculations:

Discard pile – the set of not coded documents with ranks below the rank cutoff. Reviewers in the Elusion Test are served a sample of documents from the discard pile.

Discard-pile elusion rate – the percentage of documents in the discard pile that are relevant. It’s not possible to calculate this number precisely (with zero error) without coding every document in the discard pile. Therefore, we use sampling to estimate the discard-pile elusion rate. Sampling results in a sample elusion rate along with a margin of error and confidence level, which capture the amount of uncertainty in the estimate. To calculate a more precise margin of error after a completed Elusion Test, see Calculating a post-test margin of error .

Sample elusion rate – the percentage of documents in the Elusion Test’s sample that are relevant.

Question 262

Active Learning - Running an Elusion Test

Answer 262

For best results, we strongly recommend coding every document in the Elusion Test and avoiding skipping documents. Skipped documents are counted as relevant in Elusion Test results.

If a document was skipped during Prioritized Review or Coverage Review and is then served during the Elusion Test, the Review Statistics for that queue are also updated.

Question 263

Active Learning - Review Elusion Test Results

Answer 263

Based on the coding of the elusion test sample, the results display the following:

Elusion Rate - the percentage of documents coded relevant in the elusion sample. The elusion rate results are displayed as a range that applies the margin of error to the sample elusion rate, which is an estimate of the discard pile elusion rate. The rate is rounded to the nearest tenth of a percent.

Note: Documents that are skipped during the Elusion Test queue are treated as relevant documents. Therefore, coding all of the documents in the elusion sample guarantees the statistical validity of the calculated elusion rate as an estimate of the entire discard-pile elusion rate.

Eluded Documents - the estimated number of eluded documents, calculated by multiplying the sample elusion rate by the number of documents in the discard pile. This number is subject to the final confidence and margin of error which can be found in review statistics.

Pending Documents - the number of documents that have not been submitted to the model, including documents in the elusion test sample and manually-selected documents coded while the elusion test was taking place.

If documents were skipped during the Elusion Test, a warning appears on the modal. You can review these skipped documents, and they’ll be reflected in the results as if they were coded during the test. If these documents are coded after you click Complete Project, only the Pending Documents count is updated.

If you find the results of the Elusion Test acceptable, select whether to Update ranks upon completion, and then click Complete Project to close the project. Once the project is complete, the model remains frozen. Any coding decisions that occurred after the Elusion Test was administered will not be used to train the (now frozen) model.

Question 264

dT Search - Exact Phrase no double quotes

Answer 264

Searching for words right next to each other with no operator between them constitutes an exact phrase in dtSearch. For example, if you search for apple pear, dtSearch returns documents that contain the exact phrase apple pear. There is no rule that requires double quotes around a phrase of any number of words. You only need to use double quotes when searching for a word that is a dtSearch operator

• dT search operators = AND, OR

Question 265

dT Search - Exact Phrase - Double quotes

Answer 265

You must use double quotes when searching for exact phrases that contain words that are reserved as dtSearch operators, such as the Boolean connectors AND, OR.

Note: Connector words such as and and not are also included by default in the noise word list. All these words are noise words and you must remove these words from the list to make dtSearch index these files

Search string - clear and present danger

Returns documents that contain both the word clear and the phrase present danger.

If you need to return documents that contain the exact phrase clear and present danger, you must:

Remove the word and from the dtSearch noise words list.

Surround the search string with “double quotes” so that the word AND is not treated as a Boolean connector.

Search string - “clear and present danger”

Returns the exact phrase clear and present danger.

Question 266

dT Search - Operator Precedence - No Parenthesis

Answer 266

By default, dtSearch evaluates OR expressions before AND expressions

*The order of precedence for a keyword search evaluates AND expressions before OR expressions:

Ex: apple AND pear OR grape

• pear OR grape is evaluated first
• AND apple is evaluated second

Docs Returned:

pear, grape, apple

pear, apple

grape, apple

(No docs with just pear and grape)

Question 267

dT Search - Operator Precedence - With Parenthesis

Answer 267

We strongly recommend using parentheses to group expressions and control which ones are evaluated first. For example, the parenthetical grouping in the following search string directs dtSearch to evaluate the AND expression before the OR expression:

EX: grape OR (apple AND pear)

• apple AND pear is evaluated first
• OR grape is evaluated second

Docs Returned:

• apple, pear, grape
• apple, pear
• grape

Question 268

dT Search - Fuzzy Searching (%)

Answer 268

Using the dtSearch engine, you can perform fuzzy searches, which return documents containing spelling variations of a specified term.

The percent sign (%) is the character used for fuzzy searches. The number of (%) used indicates how many characters in the search term dtSearch engine ignores when it runs the query. The position of the % indicates the number of characters from the beginning of the term that must match exactly with words in the result set. The following search strings illustrate how this character is used:

app%ly indicates that a matching word must begin with app and differ from apply by only one character.

a%%pply indicates that a matching word must begin with a and differ from apply by only two characters.

Question 269

dT Search - Using the fuzziness operator and fuzziness level option

Answer 269

Documents tab - when you select a dtSearch in the Search With option, you can use the fuzziness character (%). See Running a dtSearch.

Dictionary Search - when you click the Dictionary link, you can use the fuzziness character (%) and the Fuzziness Level menu on the Dictionary Search dialog. See Running a Dictionary search.

In the Fuzziness Level menu, you can select a value from 1 to 10, which applies to all terms in the textbox. Larger numbers return terms with more variation. We recommend using values between 1 and 3 for moderate error tolerance. The following table describes the expected results for sample settings.

Saved Search - when you create a saved search, you can use the fuzziness operator (%) and the Fuzziness Level menu when you add a dtSearch index condition or by clicking the and click the Dictionary link. The Fuzziness Level menu in a saved search uses the same settings as described above. See Saved search.

The Fuzziness Level menu is independent of the fuzziness (%) character that you can enter in the textbox. A search for appl% without a Fuzziness Level setting may return documents containing apple or apply, since these terms have the stem appl and differ by one character.

*Fuzzy searching uses term length and fuzziness level to decide how many % characters to add. This is not a straight level to character match. This means a level 7 fuzziness search doesn’t necessarily mean up to 7 additional characters return.

Question 270

dT Search - Phonic Searching (#)

Answer 270

Using the dtSearch engine, you can perform phonic searching, which returns documents containing words that sound like the word you’re searching for and begins with the same letter. The pound sign (#) is the character used for phonic searches when added to the front of a word. For example, a phonic search for pear also finds pair and pare.

You can also use phonic searching in Dictionary searches.

Question 271

dT Search - Using the stemming operator and enable stemming checkbox

Answer 271

Using the dtSearch engine, you can perform stemming searches, which return documents containing grammatical variations of a root word. Stemming is limited to English only.

After you perform a stemming search, you can enter applied in the Find Next box, and then click the Find Next icon to locate hits or grammatical variations.

Because stemming only works with the root word, it generally doesn’t return irregular variations of a verb. For example, a search on run~ would not return ran

In Relativity, you can use the stemming character (~) or the Enable Stemming checkbox to perform stemming searches. The availability of these search options depends where you’re running a dtSearch:

Documents tab - When you select a dtSearch in the Search With option, you can use the stemming character (~). See Running a dtSearch.

Dictionary Search - When you click the Dictionary link, you can use the stemming character (~) and the Enable Stemming checkbox on the Dictionary Search dialog. See Running a Dictionary search.

Saved Search - When you create a saved search, you can use the stemming character (~) and the Enable Stemming checkbox in the Search Conditions section of the form. See Saved search.

The Enable Stemming checkbox is independent of the stemming (~) character that you can enter in the Search Terms box or Dictionary Search textbox. A search for apply~ with Enable Stemming checkbox unselected returns apply, applied, applies, or applying. A search for apply with Enable Stemming checkbox selected returns the same results.

Question 272

dT Search - Using fuzzy searching and stemming together

Answer 272

With fuzzy searching and stemming enabled, it checks for a fuzzy match twice, once against the original term, and once comparing the stemmed word with the stemmed word in the index. A match on either counts as a hit.

Question 273

dT Search - Wild cards

Answer 273

The dtSearch engine supports special characters that you can use as wildcards. It also supports the use of leading wildcards, or those added to the beginning of a word

Question 274

dT Search - Numerical patterns

Answer 274

To search for other numerical patterns such as social security numbers, you can use the = wildcard, which matches any single digit. For example, if hyphens are indexed as spaces, then the following search request would find U.S. social security numbers:

=== == ====

This searching pattern can return false hits; for example, no valid social security number begins with 9. However, this is the only way to get social security numbers with spaces instead of dashes.

Question 275

dT Search - Connector words

Answer 275

The dtSearch connector words are:

• and
• or
• not
• to
• contains

To search for a phrase that contains one of the dtSearch connector words, quote a connector word or the phrase it is in, or put a tilde after the connector. The following search strings work in returning phrases that contain connector words:

• “clear and convincing evidence”
• not~ relevant
• “whether or not John wants to”

Note the following:

Adding a ~ after a connector word prevents dtSearch from recognizing the word as a connector but does not otherwise affect the search. The ~ character after a word tells dtSearch to apply the stemming rules to it. Because the stemming rules included with dtSearch do not modify short words, the ~ does not change the outcome of a search for and, or, not, or to.

Connector words such as “and” and “not” are also included by default in the noise word list. All these words are Noise words and you must remove these words from the list to make dtSearch index these files

Question 276

dT Search - Words and phrases

Answer 276

Phrases with Noise Words - dtSearch skips any noise words in a phrase. For example, it skips of in the search string Statue of Liberty and retrieves any documents that contains statue an intervening word, and liberty.

Words with Punctuation - Punctuation inside a word is treated as a space. For example, dtSearch treats the search term can’t as two words, can and t.

Numbers and Characters in Parenthesis - Unexpected results may be returned when numbers or characters in parenthesis are used in a dtSearch. For example, the search term 1843 (c)(8)(ii) is treated as four words.