RCP 135 Flashcards
Other Bronchodilators
____ of 11 years and younger
10.6%
____ high school students
11.8%
severity: mild persistent
-symptoms more than 2 days/week but not daily
-nighttime awakenings 3-4 times/month
-rescue med use more than 2 days/week but not daily
-minor interference with normal activities
severity: moderate persistent
-symptoms daily
-nighttime awakenings > 1 time/ week but not nightly
-rescue med use daily
-some limitations of normal activities
severity: severe persistent
-symptoms throughout the day
-nighttime awakenings almost nightly often
-rescue med use several times/day
-extreme interference with normal activities
asthma control is defined as…
-daytime symptoms less than or equal to 2 days/week and less than 1 time a day
-less than 2 nighttime awakening/month due to asthma
-able to engage in normal activities
-use of rescue med less than or equal to 2 days/week
peak flow meter: red
less than 50% of personal best, having an active asthma attack and should go to the hospital immediately!
to find normal patient values for peak flow meter we need to know what?
-age
-height
-gender
zone system: green zone
-80% of more of personal best
-good control
-no symptoms present
-take meds as usual
zone system: yellow
-50-79% of personal best
-caution
-take an inhaled short-acting beta agonist
-if still in yellow, talk to physician about changing daily meds
zone system: red
-less than 50% of personal best
-medical alert
-take a SABA immediately
-call physician or go straight to ER
what is asthma?
asthma is a serious chronic disease affecting the airways. A condition in which a person’s airways become swollen, inflamed, and narrowed while producing extra mucus making it difficult to breathe and reducing airflow in and out of the lungs. Making this an obstructive disease.
what kind of disease is asthma?
it is a obstructive disease
status asthmaticus
does NOT respond to rescue medication
what are the two categories of asthma?
-Intrinsic (non-allergic), -extrinsic (allergic)
extubation/flares are caused by….
triggers such as:
-smoke
-dust
-mites
-mold
-cold air
-exercise
KY is ___ highest rate in the US
3rd
____ adults in KY (32% are smokers)
18.6%
females ____ more likely after puberty to develop asthma
9.3%
Cromolyn sodium is a preventative medication and….
-NEVER to be given during an asthma attack
causes (triggers)
-different for everyone
-allergies
-avoidance strategies
-definition of well controlled
how to get rid of dust mites
-encase mattress ins special dust-mite free cover
-reduce indoor humidity to <60%
-remove carpets from bedroom and from concrete floors
-place stuff such as stuffed toys in the freezer for a minimum of 8 hours or in the dryer for 10 minutes
correct use of MDI’s
-Shaking the inhaler
-Use of spacer/holding chamber
-Only activate inhaler ONCE for each inspiration
-Hold breath as you count to 10 slowly
-Wait one to two minutes between puffs
-Clean inhaler/spacer as needed
-Know when to replace
long-term control meds
-reduce inflammation
-must be taken daily
-do NOT expect quick relief
-examples: cromolyn sodium, singular, accolate Flovent
quick relief meds/rescue
-short acting beta2 agonist
-relax muscles around airways
-provide prompt relief of symptoms
-if used daily, indicates need for starting or increasing long-term control meds
-examples… albuterol, Xopenex
classification of severity is based on…
-symptoms
-nighttime awakenings
-rescue medication use
-interference with normal activities
severity: Intermittent
-symptoms equal to or less than 2 days/week
-nighttime awakenings less than 2 times/ month
-rescue med use less than or equal to 2 days/week
-no interference with normal activities
peak flow meters
-measures how well air moves OUT of the lungs
-results may indicate decreased flows before a patient will show symptoms
-any patient older than 5 can usually use
peak flow meter: Green
80-100% of personal best, indicates good control
peak flow meter: yellow
50-80% of personal best, use caution and make sure you are taking your medications
