RBT Training Flashcards
ABC
Antecedent, behavior, consequence. Also know as the 3 term contingency
Which data recording method would be best used to measure the time between when a cue was delivered and a learner responded to the cue?
Latency
Susan’s tantrums seemed to last longer with every passing day. Which data collection procedure would be the best to use to determine how long her tantrums last?
Duration
Which of the following data collection methods might be used for determining how many times a learner says “oh no!”
Frequency
What are the 3 domains of ASD?
Social Communication, Social interaction restrictive, repetitive patterns of behavior
What are some red flags a child may be at risk for ASD?
No big smiles or other joyful expressions by 6 months of age, no babbling, back and forth sharing sounds, smiles or expressions by 9 months, lack of response to name, no back and forth gestures, no words by 16 months, no 2 word meaningful phrases by 24 months, unusual prosody
What is prosody
Little variation in pitch, unusual voice quality
Explain the fundamental principle of ABA
Scientific approach that uses the principles of learning to understand the relation of behaviors and the environment. Consequences that follow a behavior control whether that behavior will increase or decrease
What 2 components does a comprehensive ABA treatment program include?
Behavior reduction- change antecedents and consequences to decrease inappropriate behavior: stereotypes, noncompliance, tantrums, aggressions. Skill repertoire building— increase appropriate behavior management and skill acquisition
3 levels of BACB certification
- RBT
- BCABA-Board certified assistant behavior analyst
BCBA- board certified behavior analyst
ABA treatment team consists of?
Supervisor, RBT, parents, caregivers, speech ,OT
Roles/ responsibilities of RBT
Direct implementation of acquisition and behavior reduction plans developed by the supervisor, data collection, assist with assessments
Two roles of the RBT in assisting with assessments
Provide info about clients current skill set. Assist with behavior motivation during a formal assessment. Does preference assessments.
Continuous measurement
Measuring each and every instance of behavior within the entire observation period
Probe data
Doing one trial to make sure a child can do something
Reinforcement
Presentation of a reinforcing stimulus or a removal of an aversive stimulus resulting in an increased or maintained rate of the behavior in the future
Intermittent reinforcement
Periodic reinforcement; subject does not know when reinforcement will occur for a specific behavior
Most powerful schedule of reinforcement
Intermittent reinforcement
Punishment
Presentation of an aversive stimulus or removal of a positive reinforcement as a consequence for behavior that reduces the future rate of behavior
Rate
A measure, quantity, or frequency, typically one measured against some other quantity of measure
Positive reinforcement
The presentation of a stimulus contingent on the occurrence of a behavior that results in an increase in the rate of that behavior over time
Negative reinforcement
The increase in rate or future probability of a behavior that occurs when there is a removal of a reinforcing stimulus contingent on a response
Negative punishment
The decrease in rate or future probability of a behavior that occurs when there is a removal of a reinforcing stimulus contingent on a response
Extinction
The process by which a behavior reverts to pre-reinforcement levels: the permanent removal of the reinforcing stimulus
Behavior
An act that can be clearly defined and observed
Dead man test
If a dead man can do it, it ain’t behavior and if a dead man can’t do it, then it is a behavior
Operant conditioning
Conditioning in which the desired behavior or increasingly closer approximations to is are followed by a rewarding or reinforcing stimulus
Discrete trial teaching
A method of teaching in simplified and structured steps
Instead of teaching an entire skill at once, it is broken down and built back up using trials that teach one step at a time
Natural environment training
When specific skills are worked on within the context in which they naturally occur
Partial interval recording
A procedure used to record behavior if it occurs at any point during an interval
Whole interval recording
A procedure used to record behavior only if it consistently occurred the entire time
Whole interval
Interval recording underestimates behavior
Partial training
Interval recording overestimated behavior
Momentary time sampling
A procedure that records behavior only if it occurs during the last 5 seconds of an interval
Continuous measurement
Measurement conducted in a manner such that all instances of the response classes of interest are detected during the observation period
Differential reinforcement
Reinforcing behavior in the presence of one stimulus while not reinforcing in the presence of another stimulus
Functions of behavior
Refers to the source of environmental reinforcement for behavior
Social attention
Function of behavior that is motivated by desire for attention from another person
Tangibles
Function of behavior that is motivated by the desire for an object
Escape or avoidance
Function of behavior that is motivated by desire to get away from situation
Stimming
Function of behavior that is motivated by self simulation–only purpose is as a vehicle for internal pleasure
Sensory stimulation
Function of behavior that is motivated by self stimulation- only purpose is as a vehicle for internal pleasure
Mand
Request for reinforcement
Tact
A label
Echoic
Repeating something that is heard
Intraverbal
A class of verbal operantd regulated by verbal discrimination stimuli
Feature Function Class (FFC)
Used to describe and understand objects further than just their label
Example of feature, function, and class
An apple: red, for eating, a fruit
Autoclitic
A single unit of verbal behavior that depends on other verbal behavior and changes the effect on the listener
Fading
Transferring stimulus control from one stimulus to another
Forward chaining
Teaching the first step of a behavior until it is mastered, then gradually adding
Backward chaining
Teaching the final step of behavior until it is mastered and then gradually working backward to the first step
Shaping
Differential reinforcement of successive approximations of a target behavior until the person exhibits the target behavior
Task analysis
The breakdown of a task into its individual components and steps
Motivational operation
Temporarily increases the effectiveness or values of a reinforcement. Temporarily increases the behavior that has been encouraged by that reinforcement in the past
Discriminate stimulus (sD)
A stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will be reinforced. (Signal that reinforcement is available)
S-Delta
A stimulus in the presence of which a particular response will not be reinforcement (signal that reinforcement is not available)
Conditioned reinforcement
Occurs when a stimulus reinforces set behaviors thru its association with a primary reinforcer
Unconditional reinforcement
A reinforcement that is inherent such as food
Abolishing operation
Can decrease reinforcement effectiveness. Usually associated with satiation
Acquisition
A target that is in the process of being taught
Antecedent interventions
Recognizing environmental factors that can attribute to problematic behavior and making changes necessary to promote appropriate behavior and reduce possible triggers for maladaptive
Antecedent
Events that occur before a behavior
Behavior intervention plan
Used for antecedent strategies, responding to maladaptive behavior, teaching replacement behavior and what interventions to use, both verbal and physical
Behavior skills training
Procedure consisting of instruction, modeling, behavioral rehearsal, and feedback that is used to teach new behaviors or skills
Instructions, model, rehearsal, feedback
Behavior
Anything a person does that can be observed and measured
Automatic sensory
Escape or avoidance
Attention
Access
Automatic sensory
Providing self stimulation and is automatically enforced
Escape
Avoiding or escaping a demand or undesirable task
Attention
Can be socially mediated and seeks attention in any way from others
Access
Tangible, wanting a preferred item
Chaining
Used to teach multi-step skills in which steps involved are defined thru task analysis. Each separate step is taught to link together the total chain. Can be done either by backward, forward or total task analysis
Consequence
Something that follows behavior