RBT Study Guide Flashcards
Frequency
A continuous measurement system to track how many times a behavior occurs. EX. Client engaged in 4 instances of SIB
Duration
a continuous measurement system to track how long a behavior occurs. EX. Client engaged in 10 minutes of tantrum behavior during the session.
Latency
A continuous measurement system to track the duration of when a SD has been presented and the behavior occurs. EX. RBT prompted client to clean up, client started to clean up 5 minutes later being given the SD.
Interresponse time
A continuous measurement system to track the amount of time that elapses between two instances of a desired behavior. EX, RBT delivers SD to clean up, client begins to clean up then stops and starts cleaning again 30 seconds later.
Partial Interval
A discontinuous measurement system to track whether a behavior does occur during a specific interval. EX. Client engages in SIB during the 2 minutes interval an X will be recorded, if client does not engage in SIB, a 0 will be recorded.
Whole interval
A discontinuous measurement system to track that a desired behavior does occur for the entirety of the interval duration. EX. Client will work on coloring for the duration of 1-minute intervals.
Measurement Time Sampling
A discontinuous measurement system to track if a behavior occurs at the beginning or end of an interval. EX. Client will participate by raising his/ her hand during the lesson either at the beginning or end of the 15 minute interval.
Paired Stimulus
A preference assessment to establish preferred reinforcers for the learner. This assessment method consists of presenting 2 items and recording the learner’s choice.
Single stimulus
A preference assessment to establish preferred reinforcers for the learner. This assessment method consists of presenting one item to the learner and recording his responses and engagement duration.
Free Operant
A preference assessment to establish preferred reinforcers for the learner. This assessment method consists of allowing the learner to interact with all available items in the environment, record the duration of the learner’s interaction with each activity/item to compare and determine preference.
Mand
A mand is a request for something wanted or needed, or to end an aversive/undesirable event.
Demand
A request that is placed by the speaker to the learner.
Prompt
A gesture, demonstration, or instruction to increase the client’s correct responses when presented with a skill task.
Verbal Prompt
A verbal prompt is a verbal cue given by the speaker to the learner to perform or complete a task.
Gestural Prompt
A gestural cue given by the speaker to the learner to perform or complete a task.
Physical Prompt
A physical cue given by the speaker to the learner to perform or complete a task.
Modeling Prompt
A modeling cue given by the speaker to the learner to perform or complete a task.
Shaping
An intervention technique where the speaker implements small steps to teach a new skill.
Chaining
An instruction technique in which a task is broken up in small steps and teaches each step individually.
Tacting
Involves a verbal operant response evoked by a non-verbal discriminate stimulus presented. Labeling actions and events.
Forward chaining
a teaching procedure in which a new skill is taught starting with the first step and then forward.
Backward Chaining
A teaching procedure in which a new skill is taught starting with the last step and then backwards.
Total task chaining
A teaching procedure in which a skill is taught from beginning to end.
Intraverbals
An intraverbal is a verbal operant involving a response evoked by a verbal discriminative stimulus. EX. What is your favorite food? Cake, 1..2..3.. The cow says? Moo
Listener Selection
A response evoked by a verbal discriminative stimulus presented. EX. RBT presented client 5 visuals or different office items, then presents the SD. Touch the glue, Find the Stapler, Give me Scissors
Listener Responding
A behavior response evoked by a verbal SD presented. EX. Throw it away, Touch your nose, stand up, clap hands
Flexibility Training
A teaching technique to adapt behaviors to changes within the environment. EX, the client will share a preferred item with other peers for 1 minute without screaming.
Echoics
A verbal behavior response from the learner in which they repeat the same word or sound from the speaker.
Social Skills
Verbal and Non-verbal behaviors that we utilize to communicate and interact with others.
VP-MTS
Visual prompt match to sample; a teaching technique where the learner is given a visual stimulus in order to match with the identical discriminative stimuli presented in an array.
DRO
Differential reinforcement of other behaviors; reinforcement procedure in which the speaker reinforces the learner when not engaging in specific target behavior but not other desired behaviors. EX. The RBT will provide reinforcement when the client does not engage in screaming when presented with a non-referred task.
DRI
Differential Reinforcement of incompatible behaviors; a reinforcement procedure in which the speaker reinforces the learner by engaging in a behavior incompatible with the target behavior.
DRA
Differential reinforcement of alternative behaviors; a reinforcement procedure in which the speaker reinforces the learner engaging in equivalent or alternative positive behavior from the specific target behavior. EX. The learner disrupts a lesson by answering questions prior to raising their hand or being called on to answer. Speaker will provide reinforcement when the learner raises their hand.
DRL
Differential reinforcement of low behaviors; reinforcement procedure in which the learner is reinforced when they engage in lower duration or instances of a specific target behavior.
DRH
Differential reinforcement of high behaviors; reinforcement procedure in which the speaker provides the learner reinforcement to increase a desired target behavior.
DTT
Discrete trial training; teaching techniques used to teach the learner new skills in a structured one-to-one environment.
NET
Natural Environment Teaching; a technique that teaches the learner new skills in a variety if environments.
Maintenance
the ability for the learner to retain and perform a skill over time.
Generalization
The ability for the learner to perform skills across different components.
Fixed Ratio
A reinforcement schedule in which the speaker delivers reinforcement to the learner after a set of # of correct responses.
Fixed Interval
A reinforcement schedule in which the speaker delivers reinforcement to the learner after a correct response has elapsed over a set amount of time.
Variable Ratio
A reinforcement schedule in which the speaker delivers reinforcement to the learner after a variable # of responses have occurred.
Variable Interval
A reinforcement in which the speaker delivers reinforcement to the learner.
Positive reinforcement
A process in which the speaker provides the learner reinforcement through tangibles, items, edibles, and social praise to increase desired behaviors.
Conditioned reinforcement
Occurs when a stimulus has aquired the ability to reinforce behavior response, through the ability of learner primary reinforcers.
Unconditioned reinforcement
primary reinforcement: an acquisition that does not require and learned behavior responses. Reinforcement is provided naturally.
Continuous reinforcement
reinforcement is provided every single time a desired behavior response occurs.
Intermittent reinforcement
reinforcement is provided to an interval # of a desired behavior response.
Token Economy
a reinforcement system that uses points or tokens to reward positive behaviors.
Response cost
a punishment procedure in which reinforcers such as token, points, tangibles, and/or activities are withdrawn as a consequence of maladaptive behaviors.
Antecedent manipulation
an intervention in which the therapist modifies the environment, routine or events to decrease an undesirable behavior and increase desirable/target behaviors.
Premack Principle
an intervention strategy implemented to use a highly preferred tangible or activity to reinforce a non-preferred or low probability behavior, also known as first/then.
SD
Discriminative Stimulus; the instruction delivered to evoke a behavior response.
BIP
Behavior intervention plan; an improvement written plan based off of the outcome of a functional behavior assessment (FBA)
Behavior Topography
refers to the physical form or shape of the behavior exhibited by the client.
4 Functions of Behavior
Attention
Escape
Tangible
Sensory/Automatic
HRE
Happy Relaxed and Engaged
ABC of ABA
Antecedent
Behavior
Consequence
Behavior Momentum
building up confidence with previously mastered skills/materials to complete an undesired task/ skill.
BST
BEHAVIOR SKILLS TRAINING
