RBT Definitions

Question 1

Any observable and measurable action, response, or activity of an individual.

Answer 1

Behavior

Question 2

A process that increases the likelihood of a behavior occurring again by following it with a the addition of reinforcing stimulus or removal of a aversive stimulus.

Answer 2

Reinforcement

Question 3

Increasing the likelihood of a behavior occurring again by adding a stimulus after it occurs

Answer 3

Positive Reinforcement

Question 4

Increasing the likelihood of a behavior occurring again by removing a stimulus after it occurs

Answer 4

Negative Reinforcement

Question 5

A process that decreases the likelihood of a behavior occurring again by following it with an aversive stimulus or the removal of a reinforcing stimulus.

Answer 5

Punishment

Question 6

Decreasing the likelihood a behavior with occur again by adding a stimulus after

Answer 6

Positive Punishment

Question 7

Decreasing the likelihood a behavior will occur again by removing a stimulus after

Answer 7

Negative Punishment

Question 8

The process by which a behavior is influenced by the presence or absence of a discriminative stimulus.

Answer 8

Stimulus Control

Question 9

the process of gradually shifting control from one stimulus to another in order to encourage the target behavior to occur in the presence of the new stimulus

Answer 9

Stimulus Control Transfer

Question 10

A stimulus that signals the availability of reinforcement if a particular behavior occurs. It is essentially a cue for when a behavior is likely to be reinforced.

Answer 10

Discriminative Stimulus (SD)

Question 11

a stimulus that signals the absence of reinforcement for a specific behavior. In other words, when the behavior occurs in the presence of the SΔ, it will not be reinforced, and the behavior is less likely to be repeated in the future

Answer 11

S Delta (SΔ)

Question 12

A stimulus or event that occurs before a behavior, influencing the likelihood of the behavior occurring.

Answer 12

Antecedent

Question 13

A stimulus or event that occurs after a behavior and influences the probability of that behavior occurring in the future. (Reinforcement or punishment)

Answer 13

Consequence

Question 14

Reinforcing a behavior every time it occurs. This is often used when teaching new behaviors.

Answer 14

Continuous Reinforcement

Question 15

Reinforcing a behavior only occasionally, rather than every time it occurs. It can be used to maintain established behaviors.

Answer 15

Intermittent Reinforcement

Question 16

The occurrence of a behavior in the presence of stimuli that were not present during the original learning situation, or the ability to apply learned behaviors across different situations.

Answer 16

Generalization

Question 17

The continued performance of a behavior after a teaching process or intervention has ended, without ongoing reinforcement.

Answer 17

Maintenance

Question 18

Breaking down a complex behavior or skill into smaller, manageable steps to make the behavior easier to teach.

Answer 18

Task Analysis

Question 19

A technique where individual behaviors are linked together to form a complex behavior.

Answer 19

Chaining

Question 20

method where the learner is first prompted and assisted to complete the last step of a task. Once they can do the last step independently, teaching moves to the second-to-last step, and so on, until the learner can perform the entire task independently.

Answer 20

Backward Chaining

Question 21

method involves teaching the learner the first step of a task and then prompting them to complete that step independently. After the first step is mastered, teaching moves on to the next step, and so on, until the entire task is learned.

Answer 21

Forward Chaining

Question 22

teaching method where the learner is prompted through every step of a task in one continuous process. The goal is for the learner to complete the entire sequence of steps, with assistance and prompts provided for any part of the task that the learner cannot do independently.

Answer 22

Total Task Chaining

Question 23

A technique used to teach new behaviors by reinforcing successive approximations of the desired behavior.

Answer 23

Shaping

Question 24

A process for identifying the purpose or function of a behavior. The goal is to find out why a behavior occurs, often by examining the antecedents and consequences associated with it.

Answer 24

Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA)

Question 25

Reasons/purposes motivating the behavior (remember SEAT) Sensory (automatic reinforcement) Escape (social negative reinforcement) Attention (social positive reinforcement) Tangibles (social positive reinforcement)

Answer 25

Function of the Behavior

Question 26

Data collected on Antecedents, Behavior, and Consequences to understand the function of the behavior.

Answer 26

ABC data

Question 27

The process of observing and recording behavior in a systematic and structured way to analyze patterns and identify variables influencing the behavior.

Answer 27

Behavioral Observation

Question 28

The initial measurement of a behavior before any intervention is implemented. It provides a reference point for assessing the effects of treatment.

Answer 28

Baseline

Question 29

Changing or adjusting a task to better fit the learner’s abilities or needs, such as simplifying a task or providing additional prompts.

Answer 29

Task Modification

Question 30

Teaching a new behavior by demonstrating it for the individual, so they can imitate the behavior.

Answer 30

Modeling

Question 31

The use of cues or hints to encourage the individual to engage in the correct behavior. _______ can be verbal, visual, physical, or gestural.

Answer 31

Prompting

Question 32

A systematic approach to teaching new things starting with the most intrusive prompt (full verbal/full physical) to the least intrusive (model prompt); fading out prompts

Answer 32

Most to least Prompting Hierarchy

Question 33

a systematic approach to teaching new things starting with the least intrusive (model) to the most intrusive (full verbal/full physical); increasing prompting

Answer 33

Least to most Prompting Hierarchy

Question 34

Giving an immediate prompt after the SD is placed; does not given the learner a chance to make a mistake to increase access to reinforcement

Answer 34

Errorless Prompting

Question 35

Teaching a learner in their natural environment, using naturally occurring stimuli and reinforcers to promote learning.

Answer 35

Natural Environment Teaching (NET)

Question 36

Reinforcing one behavior while withholding reinforcement for another behavior. It can be used to increase desired behaviors and decrease undesirable ones.

Answer 36

Differential Reinforcement

Question 37

Reinforcing a functionally equivalent alternative behavior and using extinction/withholding reinforcement for the socially inappropriate behavior

Answer 37

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behavior (DRA)

Question 38

reinforcing the absence of a target behavior for a specified period of time. This means that reinforcement is provided when the learner does not engage in the target behavior during that interval. (Reinforce any OTHER behavior other than the target behavior)

Answer 38

Differential Reinforcement of Other Behavior (DRO)

Question 39

behavior that is reinforced is one that is physically incompatible with the target behavior. This means that the learner cannot engage in the target behavior while performing the incompatible behavior.

Answer 39

Differential Reinforcement of Incompatible Behavior (DRI)

Question 40

reinforce a behavior but only when it occurs at a low rate.

Answer 40

Differential Reinforcement of Lower Rates of Behavior (DRL)

Question 41

reinforcing a behavior when it occurs at a high rate. This strategy is used to increase the frequency of a behavior that should be performed more often.

Answer 41

Differential Reinforcement of Higher Rates of Behavior (DRH)

Question 42

Teaching a person to use appropriate communication methods to express their needs or desires, often used to replace maladaptive behaviors.

Answer 42

Functional Communication Training (FCT)

Question 43

The process of discontinuing reinforcement for a previously reinforced behavior, which leads to a decrease in that behavior over time.

Answer 43

Extinction

Question 44

a temporary increase in the frequency, intensity, or duration of a behavior when reinforcement for that behavior is suddenly withheld or discontinued. individual may initially escalate the behavior when reinforcement in withheld as they attempt to get the reinforcement they expect.

Answer 44

Extinction Burst

Question 45

the reappearance of a previously extinguished behavior after a period of time has passed since it was last reinforced/behavior was extinguished

Answer 45

Spontaneous Recovery of Behavior

Question 46

An environmental variable that affects the effectiveness of a reinforcer and influences the frequency of behaviors associated with that reinforcer.

Answer 46

Motivating Operation (MO)

Question 47

event or condition that increases the value of a reinforcer, making it more effective or desirable. (Ex: food is an more desirable is you are hungry; hunger is the _____)

Answer 47

Establishing Operation (EO)

Question 48

event or condition that decreases the value of a reinforcer, making it less effective or less desirable (ex: food is less desirable if a person has just eaten a large meal; [the lack of] hunger is the _____)

Answer 48

Abolishing Operation (AO)

Question 49

A written plan based on the results of a Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) that outlines strategies to reduce problematic behaviors and teach alternative behaviors.

Answer 49

Behavior Intervention Plan (BIP)

Question 50

A form of communication that is reinforced through the behavior of others. It includes things like speaking, signing, or using communication devices.

Answer 50

Verbal Behavior

Question 51

focuses purely on the physiological act of producing sound, regardless of whether it serves a communicative function (ex: saying “ah”, humming, sounds, words, etc)

Answer 51

Vocal Behavior

Question 52

A procedure used to determine what items, activities, or stimuli are preferred by an individual, often used to identify potential reinforcers.

Answer 52

Preference Assessment

Question 53

A single item is presented at a time and the behavior analyst observes how long the child engages with the item (process is repeated with multiple items)

Answer 53

Single Stimulus Preference Assessment

Question 54

Two items are placed in front of an individual and the behavior analyst records which item is chosen; process is repeated and items are ranked based on how many times they are chosen

Answer 54

Paired Stimulus Preference Assessment

Question 55

3-7 items are laid out in front of the learner; learner choses an item and the behavior analyst records what item was chosen; item is placed back in the array and the array is reorganized

Answer 55

Multiple Stimulus Preference Assessment with Replacement

Question 56

3-7 items are laid out in front of the learner; learner choses an item and the behavior analyst records what item was chosen; item is removed/ NOT placed back in the array and the array is reorganized

Answer 56

Multiple Stimulus Preference Assessment without Replacement

Question 57

Individual is given free access to a variety of items; behavior analyst records the amount of time spent with each item

Answer 57

Free Operant Preference Assessment

Question 58

asking the individual to rank each of the items in the array from most preferred to least preferred

Answer 58

Rank Order Preference Assessment

Question 59

The process of collecting data on all instances of a behavior

Answer 59

Continuous Measurement

Question 60

The process of collecting data during specific intervals of time

Answer 60

Discontinuous Measurement

Question 61

Counting the number of times a behavior occurs

Answer 61

Frequency

Question 62

How long the behavior lasts from start to finish

Answer 62

Duration

Question 63

The number of times a behavior occurs in a specific interval; frequency/duration = _____ ex: 5 aggressions/minute

Answer 63

Rate

Question 64

The time between the presentation of the SD and the occurrence of the behavior

Answer 64

Latency

Question 65

The time between 2 occurrences of the SAME behavior

Answer 65

Inter Response Time (IRT)

Question 66

The behavior is recorded if it happens at any point in the interval

Answer 66

Partial Interval

Question 67

The behavior is only recorded if it happens for the entire duration of the interval

Answer 67

Whole Interval

Question 68

The behavior is only recorded if the behavior happens at the exact moment the interval ends

Answer 68

Momentary Time Sampling

Question 69

A type of reinforcement system where tokens can be exchanged for secondary/backup reinforcers

Answer 69

Token Economy

Answer 70

Antecedent Interventions

Question 72

Intensity