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Physiology > RBC[Rabe] > Flashcards

RBC[Rabe] Flashcards

0
Q

T or F: blood does not have buffering capacity.

A

FALSE

It is a buffer, slightly alkaline, pH 7.35-7.45

Ppt

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1
Q

T or F: blood can be used to regulate temperature

A

TRUE

Ppt,lec

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2
Q

What contributes to blood viscosity?

A

Formed elements

Lec

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3
Q

Classify blood according to type of tissue.

A

Specialized connective tissue

-Because its binds tissues together, it is not compact

Ppt and Lec

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4
Q

What accounts for largest amount of formed elements in the blood?

A

RBC/ ERYTHROCYTES

Lec

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5
Q

What is RBC/total blood volume?

A

Hematocrit

Definition

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6
Q

Composidtion of plasma?

A
  1. WATER
  2. PLASMA PROTEINS
  3. CLOTTING FACTORS

Lec

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7
Q

What is the average hematocrit of male and female. Is it the same for both?

A

Not the same!

Male: 45% to 50%

Female: 40% to 45 %

Ppt

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8
Q

Absent is serum but present in plasma!

A

Clotting factors

Lec

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9
Q

Clot is formed when blood gets into contact with… (3)

A
  1. GLASS
  2. ANIONIC SURFACE
  3. NEGATIVELY CHARGED SURFACE

LEC

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10
Q

Enumerate the three important plasma proteins.

A
  1. Albumin
  2. Globulins
  3. Fibrinogen

PPT_9

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11
Q

What Type of formed elements responsible for oxygen transport?

A

ERYTHROCYTES

PPT

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12
Q

What is the function of white blood cells?

A

Takes part in IMMUNE SYSTEM

PPT

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13
Q

What are the Cell fragments that isminvolved in clotting?

A

PLATELETS

PPT

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14
Q

Plasma protein that:

  1. Is Major contributor to OSMOTIC PRESSURE of Plasma
  2. TRANSPORTS lipid, steroid, hormone
A

ALBUMINS

PPT

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15
Q

Plasma protein that:

  1. TRANSPORT lipid, ions, hormones,
  2. Has IMMUNE FUNCTION
A

GLOBULINS

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16
Q

Plasma protein that is

  1. Is Essential component of CLOTTING system
  2. Can be converted to FIBRIN
A

FIBRINOGEN

PPT

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17
Q

What constitutes regulatory proteins inside plasma?

A
  1. ENZYMES
  2. PROENZYMES
  3. HORMONES

PPT

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18
Q

What Constitutes 35% of plasma proteins?

A

GLOBULINS

PPT

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19
Q

What is the Most abundant plasma protein? Give its percentage.

A

ALBUMIN -60%

PPT

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20
Q

T or F: Fibrinogen constitutes 40% of plasma proteins.

A

FALSE!

4% only

PPT

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21
Q

Plasma component:

1. That TRANSPORT inorganic and organic molecules, formed elements and heat

A

WATER

PPT

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22
Q

Major Plasma component in terms of abundance

A

WATER

PPT

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23
Q

T or F: there is relatively few electrolytes in blood plasma

A

TRUE

Part of 1% only

PPT_11

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24
Q

What are the other (minor) solutes present in blood plasma?

A
  1. ELECTROLYTES
  2. ORGANIC NUTRIENTS
  3. ORGANIC WASTES
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25
Q

T or F: the blood contains ions that contribute to osmotic pressure of body fluids.

A

TRUE

electrolytes in plasma

PPT_11

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26
Q

T or F: amino acids can be carried by blood.

A

TRUE

PPT_11

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27
Q

Five the normal values of RBC in males and females.

A

Male: 5.2 million

Female: 4.7 million

PPT_12

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28
Q

How long is RBC’sAverage lifespan?

A

100 – 120 days

PPT_13

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29
Q

What is the term used to refer tomstacked RBCs?

A

Rouleau

PPT_14

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30
Q

These Maintains structural integrity and biconcave shape of RBC.

A
  1. ANKYRIN
  2. SPECTRIN

PPT_15, TRANS_2

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31
Q

T or F: Hereditary spherocytosis is caused by Weak interactions amongst peripheral and integral proteins.

A

TRUE!

PPT_16

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32
Q

It Catalyzes couple transport of anions.

A

BAND 3

under mem proteins

PPT_18

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33
Q

T or F:band 3 inhibits HCO3 to cross membrane in exchange for Cl;

A

FALSE!

It allows!

PPT_18

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34
Q

T or F: Chloride ion and bicarbonate ion passes through the same integral protein.

A

TRUE

BAND 3

PPLt_19

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35
Q

Enumerate normal hemoglobin component.

A
  1. Four globular protein units
  • alpha chain 1
  • alpha chain 2
  • beta chain 1
  • beta chain 2
  1. Heme containing the iron

PPT_20

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36
Q

What is the Protein molecule in the blood that transports respiratory gases?

A

HEMOGLOBIN

PPT_20

37
Q

T or F: Late in the second month the liver and spleen take over blood formation.

A

TRUE

PPT_23

Sa guyton “ ‘mid-trimester”

38
Q

Bones that persist as hematopoietic region until adulthood.

A

FLAT BONES

  1. ribs
  2. Sternum
  3. Hip

PPT_23

39
Q

Enumerate erythropoiesis sites

A

In the red bone marrow in

  1. long bones,
  2. cranial bones,
  3. ribs,
  4. sternum, and
  5. vertebrae

PPT_24

40
Q

What is the Source of all blood cells?

A

Pluripotetial hematopoetic stem cell

PPT_25

41
Q

T or F: abundance of oxygen in tissues initiates production of Erythropoietin.

A

FALSE!

Hypoxia causes

PPT_26

42
Q

These augments EPO synthesis (4)

A
  1. testosterone,
  2. growth hormone,
  3. insulin
  4. growth like factor 1
43
Q

steps in erythropoietin synthesis?

A
  1. HYPOXIA
  2. Stimulation of HYPOXIA INDUCIBLE FACTOR
  3. Binds HYPOXIA RESPONSE ELEMENT in DNA •
  4. Stimulation of EPO GENE EXPRESSION
  5. Synthesis of EPO

PPT_27

44
Q

is a decrease in red blood cells that occurs when your intestines cannot properly absorb vitamin B12.

A

Pernicious anemia

PPT_29,net definition

45
Q

T or F: RBC synthesis requires Vitamin B12 or FOLIC ACID.

A

FALSE!

And not or! It needs both

PPT_29

46
Q

Products of hemoglobin conversion

A
  1. AMINO ACIDS
    - —from globulins
  2. BILIVERDIN
    - —from heme
  3. Iron

PPT_31

47
Q

What is the precursor of biliverdin?

A

HEME

PPT_33

48
Q

What is the Precursor of urobilins and stercobilins?

A

Bilirubin

PPT_33

49
Q

A product of bilirubin that is eliminated in urine.

A

UROBILINS

PPT_33

50
Q

A product of bilirubin that is eliminated in feces.

A

STERCOBILINS

PPT_33

51
Q

T or F: Biliverdin gets converted to bilirubin INSIDE MACROPHAGES in liver, spleen, and bone marrow.

A

TRUE!

PPT_33

52
Q

T or F: Amino acid from phagocytosed RBC are transported back to red bone marrow for recycling.

A

TRUE

PPt_33

53
Q

Depressed hematocrit translate to what kind of condition?

A

ANEMIA

PPT_35

54
Q

These Are cell surface proteins that identify cells to immune system.

A

Surface Antigens

PPT_36

55
Q

T or F: Rhogam is an Rh(D) immunoglodulin.

A

TRUE

PPT_45

56
Q

What RBC membrane protein:

  1. Allows for integral structure of RBC membrane
  2. Maintains RBC shape
  3. Allows flexibility of RBC
A

SPECTRIN

TRANS_2

57
Q

T or F: most of Glycophorin mass lies on cytoplasmic side.

A

FALSE!

External

Trans_2

58
Q

What substance accounts for the negative charge on RBC surface?

A

SCIALIC ACID

Trans_2

59
Q

What transport is catalyze s by band 3 membrane protein?

A

COUPLE TRANSPORT OF ANIONS

TRANS_3

60
Q

What specific RBC membrane protein is responsible for delivering CO2 from tissues to lungs?

A

BAND 3 PROTEIN

Trans_3

61
Q

What RBC component contains iron?

A

HEME

Trans_3

62
Q

What amino acid is replaced by valine on the case of sickle cell anemia?

A

GLUTAMIC ACID

Trans_3

63
Q

What is the most common hemoglobin?

A

HEMOGLOBIN A!

TRANS_3

64
Q

Which part of the body is there:

  1. highest oxygen tension
    and
  2. Lowest oxygen tension ?
A
  1. ALVEOLI of lungs
  2. TISSUES

TRANS_3

65
Q

Condition wherein body can’t absorb enough iron from the intestines as rapidly as it is lost.

A

BLOOD LOSS ANEMIA

TRANS_4

66
Q

A condition in which bone marrow aplasia cause deficient production of blood cells.

A

APLASTIC ANEMIA

Trans_4

67
Q

Condition caused by loss of vit. B12 (cyanocovalamin), folic acid (impt in
synthesis of thymidine) or intrinsic factor from the stomach mucosa that lead to very slow reproduction of erythroblasts in bone marrow

A

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA

TRANS_4

68
Q

Conditions caused by presence of Hemoglobin S in RBC

A

SICKLE SHAPED ANEMIA

TRANS_4

69
Q

T or F: in hereditary spherocytosis the RBCscan’t withstand compression forces and are easily ruptured by even slight compression

A

TRUE

trans_4

70
Q

Conditions characterized by Red blood cells being too large, with odd shapes

A

MEGALOBLASTIC ANEMIA

TRANS_4

71
Q

Condition wherein Rh(+) RBCs in fetus are attacked by antibodies from Rh(-) mothers

A

Erythroblastosis fetalis

Trans_4

72
Q

Most responsible organ in detecting oxygen level of the body.

A
  1. KIDNEY – 90%
  2. LIVER –10%
  3. SKIN
  4. BRAIN

TRANS_5

73
Q

Protein Supporting terminal erythroid differentiation and proliferation.

A

ERYTHROPOIETIN

Trans_5

74
Q

Gene that promotes apoptosis.

A

GATA2

Trans_5

75
Q

Enumerate hormones that stimulate erythropoietin production

A
  1. Norepinephrine,
  2. Epinephrine &
  3. Prostaglandin

Trans_5

76
Q

Nucleoside triphosphate that needs vitamin b12 and folic acid.

A

THYMIDINE TRIPHOSPHATE

TRANS_5

77
Q

Enumerate possible effects of vitamin b12 and folic acid defficiency.

A
  1. Abnormal and diminished DNA -> failure of
    nuclear maturation and cell division
  2. Erythroblastic cells of bone marrow fail to
    proliferate rapidly and produce mainly larger than normal red cells called MACROCYTES

Trans_5

78
Q

T or F: eextrinsic factor in GIT is essential in vitamin b12 ansorption.

A

FALSE!

Intrinsic dapat.

Trans_5

79
Q

T or F: 10% of circulating RBCs wear out per day.

A

FALSE!

1% lang

Trans_5

80
Q

Responsible for breakdown of hemoglobin.

A

Macrophages of

  1. liver,
  2. spleen, and
  3. bone marrow

Trans_5

81
Q

What do you call deposit of iron that cannot be dissolved anymore and a useful indicator of disease?

A

HEMOSIDERIN

trans_6

82
Q

What od you call those extra stored iron?

A

FERRITIN

trans_6

83
Q

T or F: secondary polycythemia is an innate function in immunity.

A

FALSE!!

Adaptive

Trans_6

84
Q

Condition that results in production of all 3 blood cells.

A

Polycythemia vera (Erythremia)

Trans_6

85
Q

Name the reaction: If a blood transfusion is given to a person who has antibodies to that type of blood, then the transfused blood will be attacked and destroyed

A

TRANSFUSION REACTION

TRANS_7

86
Q

T or F: Rh factor is x-link gene.

A

FALSE!!

Autosomal recessive.

Trans_7

87
Q

What is thePrescription for pregnant Rh- moms?

A

Rhogam

Trans_7

88
Q

Donor RBC + Recipient serum

A

MAJOR CROSS MATCH

TRANS_7

89
Q

Donor plasma + recipient RBC

A

MINOR CROSS MATCH

TRANS_7

Physiology (4 decks)

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