RBC Morphology to Diseases and symptoms Flashcards
Acanthocytes
Abetalipoproteinemia
Severe liver disease
Splenectomy
Malabsorption
Hypothyroidism
Vitamin E deficiency
Burr cell
Uremia
PK deficiency
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Neonates (especially premature)
Artifact
Spherocytes
Hereditary Spherocytosis
Some hemolytic anemias
Transfused cells
Severe Burns
Target cell
Hemoglobinopathies
Thalassemia
Iron deficiency anemia
Splenectomy
Obstructive liver disease
Sickle cell
Homozygous hemoglobin S disease
Hemoglobin C crystals
Homozygous hemoglobin C disease
Hemoglobin SC crystals
Hemoglobin SC disease
Stomatocyte
Hereditary stomatocytosis
Alcoholism
Liver disease
Rh null phenotype
Artifact
Elliptocyte / Ovalocyte
1.Hereditary elliptocytosis or ovalocytosis
2.Thalassemia major
3.Iron deficiency anemia
4.Megaloblastic anemias (oval macrocyte)
5.Myelophthisic anemias
Teardrop cell
1.Myelofibrosis with myeloid metaplasia
2.Thalassemias
3.Myelophthisic anemias
4.Causes of extramedullary hematopoiesis
Schistocyte
Microangiopathic hemolytic anemia
Severe burns
Hemolytic uremic syndrome
Thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura
Renal graft rejection
Rouleaux
Increased concentration of globulins and / or paraproteins
Autoagglutination
Antigen / antibody reactions
Normocyte
Normal shape with center of pallor or none
Microcyte
Iron deficiency anemia
Sideroblastic anemia
Thalassemia minor
Chronic disease (occasionally)
Lead poisoning
Hemoglobinopathies (some)
Macrocyte
Occurs b/c of impaired dna synthesis. (exclude babies)
There may be some asynchrony
1. Liver disease
2. Vitamin B12 deficiency
3. Folate deficiency
4. Neonates
Dimorphic populations of RBCs
Transfusion
Myelodysplastic syndromes
Folate or Fe deficiencies; early in treatment process
Hypochromia
Occurs b/c of issue with hemoglobin synthesis.
Iron deficiency anemia
Thalassemias
Sideroblastic anemia
Lead poisoning
Some cases of chronic infllamation
Polychromasia
Acute and chronic hemorrhage
Hemolysis
Effective treatment for anemia
Neonates
Another name for acanthocytes?
Spur cells
Other names for burr cells
Echinocyte or crenated cells
Another name for target cells
codocytes
Another name for sickle cell
Drepanocyte
Another name for teardrop cells
Dacryocytes
Another name for schistocytes (not shitocytes)
Schizocyte
Size of RBCs (normo, micro, or macrocytes) corresponds to what parameter?
Normo MCV 80 - 100
Micro MCV < 80
Macro MCV > 100
What parameter suggests dimorphic populations of RBCs?
RDW greater than 14.5%
What parameter suggests hypochromia?
MCHC <32 g/ dL or 32%
What are the inclusions in cabot’s rings?
Remnants of Mitotic spindles. May be seen in any patient that has deficiencies in folate, B12 or have macrocytes .
Howell - jolly bodies have what inside them?
Nuclear aggregates. May be seen in patients that have gone through splenectomy. Be aware an artifact can make RBCs look like they are jolly bodies.
What are inclusions of basophillic stippling?
Degenerated RNA.
What are inclusions of pappenheimer bodies?
What are the inclusions in Hgb bars or crystals?
How are crenated forms of RBCs made?
Using too much blood to make blood smear slide. Too much blood makes the slide dry too slowly to turn RBCs into crenated RBCs.
Naturally occurring crenated RBCs (burr cells) is associated with what?
PK deficiency
Uremia
How many elliptocytes or ovalocytes do there need to be for a patient to have hereditary elliptocytosis in percentages?
Greater than 30%
What are the inclusions of heinz bodies made of?
Denatured Hgb.
When are basophilic stippling found?
Found in states of impaired Hgb synthesis like sideroblastic anemias, uremia, cancer, megaloblastic anemias, repeated transfusions and post splenectomy
Heinz bodies found in a patient suggest
G6PD deficiency
Howell Jolly bodies suggest patient has
Severe hemolytic and megaloblastic anemia, splenectomy, anemias associated with leukemia
Siderocytes / pappenhiemer bodies are associated with
Impaired Hgb synthesis (sideroblastic anemias), uremia, cancer, megaloblastic anemias, post - repeated transfusions, and post - splenectomy
Cabot’s Rings can be associated with?
Impaired DNA synthesis, megaloblastic anemias, or myelodysplastic syndromes
