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Hematology > RBC ANOMALIES & PATHWAYS > Flashcards

RBC ANOMALIES & PATHWAYS Flashcards

1
Q

conditions with high rbc count

A 
polycythemia vera
cardiovascular heart disease
lung disease
dehydration
acute poisoning
high altitude
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2
Q

erythrocyte count, hg and hematocrit are SLIGHTLY lower in 3 significant situations

A

after age of 50
in recumbency
after meals

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3
Q

non oxidative that handles 90% utilization of glucose in rbcs

A

embden meyerhof pathway

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4
Q

converts methemoglobin to hgb

A

methemoglobin reductase

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5
Q

normal values for female

A

4.5-5.5 million/ cu mm

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7
Q

rbcs with single elongated point/tail

A

teardrop cells

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10
Q

necessary for the production of 2,3-diphosphoglycerate

A

luebering rapoport pathway

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11
Q

rbc count for newborn

A

5.7 million/ cu mm

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12
Q

also known as phosphogluconate pathway

A

hexose monophosphate shunt

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13
Q

end result for EM pathway

A

2 atps

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14
Q

normal values of rbcs for male (conventional and SI)

A

5.5-6.5 million/cu. mm; x10 12/L

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15
Q

HM shunt depends on what enzyme

A

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

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16
Q

converts NADP to NADPH

A

glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase

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17
Q

inclusion produced when there is a defect in the pathway (g6pd deficiency)

A

heinz bodies

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18
Q

variation in shape

A

poikilocytosis

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19
Q

conditions with lower rbc count

A

anemia
hemorrhage
oligocythemia

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20
Q

enzyme needed for the production of 2,3-DPG

A

phosphofructokinase

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21
Q

present in dehydration and azotemia

A

echinocytes

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22
Q

low 2,3-dpg

high oxgyen affinity

A

deoxyhemoglobin/ tensed form

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23
Q

pathway which maintains the iron in hb in its reduced state

A

methemoglobin reductase pathway

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24
Q

can be seen in pk deficiency, uremia, cancer of the stomach, acute blood loss

A

burr cells

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26
Q

rbs with regularly spiculated surface rounded at the tip

A

echinocytes

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27
Q

intrinisic abnormality of red cell

A

schistocytes

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28
Q

projections of the spicule is more rounded than echinocytes

A

burr cells

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29
Q

in 3D, they are cup-shaped

A

stomatocytes

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30
Q

other name for dacrocytes

A

teardrop cells

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31
Q

have 2 small areas of central pallor separated by a band of hb

A

knizocyte

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32
Q

abnormality which is associated with myelofibrosis and myeloid metaplasia

A

teardrop cells

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33
Q

other name for ovalocytes

A

elliptocytes

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34
Q

results from red cell fragmentation which may be caused by mechanical damge, exposure to heat and toxix substances

A

microspherocytes

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35
Q

seen in MAHA

A

schistocyte

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36
Q

due to polimerization of Abnormal hb-hbs

A

sickle cells

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37
Q

only inclusion bodies which is visible in wet prep

A

howell jolly bodies

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38
Q

elongated rbc with slit-like central pallor

A

stomatocytes

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39
Q

variation in cell size

A

anisocytosis

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40
Q

ellipse, cigar-shaped rbc

A

elliptocytes

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41
Q

can be seen in abetalipoproteinemia, alcoholic cirrhosis, splenectomy, mcleod syndrome

A

acanthocyte

42
Q

destruction in which rbc lyses in blood vessels due to traumatic causes

A

intravascular hemolysis

47
Q

low oygen affinity

high 2,3-dpg

A

oxyhemoglobin/ relaxed form

48
Q

other name for codocytes

A

target cell

50
Q

feature of megaloblastic anemia

A

macro ovalocyte

51
Q

resemble a pinched bottle

A

knizocyte

52
Q

not visible in supravital stains

A

cabot rings

53
Q

4 peripheral membrane proteins

A

spectrin
ankyrin
band 4.1
actin

54
Q

3 problems for patients with sickle cell disease

A

vasooclusive,hematological and infection crises

55
Q

band 3 contains ____ which gives the (-) charge taht causes distance bet rbcs

A

sialic acid

56
Q

rings that are probably microtubules remaining from mitotic spindle

A

cabot rings

57
Q

abnormality in the membrane proteins

A

spherocytes

59
Q

cells seen in acute, severely hemolytic anemia, g6pd deficiency and hereditary lipoprotein deficiency

A

pyknocytes

60
Q

may be seen in lead poisoning or with impaired hb synthesisin megaloblastic anemia

A

coarse stippling

61
Q

stain used for proteins

A

coomasie blue

62
Q

% for proteins

A

52%

63
Q

smooth round remnants of dna

A

howell jolly bodies

64
Q

proteins are extracted by powerful detergents

A

sodium dodecyl sulphate

65
Q

proteins which is loosely connected with the membrane

A

peripheral protein

66
Q

what are the supravital stains

A

new methylen blue

brilliant cresyl blue

67
Q

resemble a stack of coins

A

rouleaux formation

68
Q

commonly seen when there is increased polychromatophilia

A

fine stippling

69
Q

% of Lipids

A

40%

70
Q

positive using feulcen stain

A

howell jolly bodies

71
Q

2 inclusion bodies which is composed of rna

A

basophilic stippling

reticulum of reticulocyte

72
Q

angular blue dots and represent ferric ions

A

howell jolly bodies

73
Q

not visible in wright stain

A

siderotic granules

74
Q

seen in severe liver disease, alcoholism, rh null disease

A

stomatocyte

75
Q

horn shaped cell

A

keratocyte

76
Q

rbc with high MCHC

A

spherocytes

78
Q

rbc which results from squeezing and fragmentation during splenic passage

A

teardrop cells

79
Q

2 inclusion bodies which is + in prussian blue

A

pappenhempimer bodies

siderotic granules

82
Q

protein which penetrates the phospholipd bilayer

A

integral protein

83
Q

principal integral protein

A

band 3

84
Q

HE which includes hereditary pyropoikilocytosis with elliptocytes that may be rod shaped

A

common HE

85
Q

enzyme which controls the esterification of plasma cholesterol

A

LCAT

86
Q

what does LCAT mean

A

lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase

87
Q

diagnostic implications for target cells

A

chronic liver disease
thalassemia
hemoglobinopathies

88
Q

size of normocyte

A

7-8 um

89
Q

destruction due to rupture of cell membrane

A

extravascular destruction

90
Q

other name for crenated cell

A

echinocytes

91
Q

% of CHO

A

8%

92
Q

clumping of red cells

A

agglutination

93
Q

causd by excess of red cell membrane relative to the hgb content of the cell

A

target cell

94
Q

female have lower lower RBC count than men due to what hormone

A

estrogen

95
Q

enzyme which maintains the EM pathway

A

pyruvate kinase

96
Q

seen in hemoglobinopathies

A

target cell

97
Q

spicules resembling 2 horns, result from a ruptured vacuole

A

keratocyte

99
Q

other name for drepanocyte

A

sickle cell

106
Q

mature red blood cells

A

erythrocytes

111
Q

anaerobic metabolism of glucose

A

embden meyerhof pathway

125
Q

seen in congenital dyserythropoietic anemia

A

macro ovalocytes

131
Q

RBCs with irregularly spiculated surface

A

acanthocyte

143
Q

regularly spiculated surface

A

burr cells

178
Q

other name for erythrocytes

A

discocytes

Hematology (1 decks)

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