RAWR Flashcards
An assertion open to challenge
Claim
Assert something that could possibly becontradicted
Claim
An argument about a quantifiable topic
Claim of fact
Asserts that something is true in the past, present, or future
Claim of fact
Claim of fact - asserts that some thing is true in the ____, ______, or ______
Past, present, future
Argues wether something good or bad is
Claim of value
Based on judgement & evaluation
Claim of value
Claim of value - argues whether something is ______ or ______
Good, bad
Claim of value - based on ______ & ______
Judgement, evaluation
Asserts the implementation of a certain policy
Claim of Policy
Driven need to present a solution to problems that have arisen
Claim of Policy
Some times, response to dim of fact
Claim of policy
Connection among texts
Intertext
Before the text
Hypertext
Uses hyperlinks
Hyper text
Errors in reasoning that invalidate an argument
Logical fallacies
An arguer presents argument asap one only two options despite the multiple possibilities
False dilemma
Conclude to be true just because it is not proven to De false, vice verse
Appeal to ignorance ( arguments ad lanorantlem)
Series of increasingly superficial and unacceptable consequences is drawn
Slippery slope ( domino fallacy)
Two or more points are rolled into one and the reader is expected to accept/ reject both
Complex question (loaded question)
Occurs when a threat, instead af reasoning, is used to argue
Appeal to force (argumentum ad baraculum)
Element of pity is used instead of logical reasoning
Appeal to pity ( argumentum ad misericordiam)
Unpleasant consequences of believing something are pointed out to show that the belief is false
Appeal to consequences (argumentum ad consequentiam)
Considered to he valid because it is what the majority thinks
Bandwagon (appeal to popularity)
Tries to refute the argument by attacking the person
Attacking the person
Argument quotes an expert who is not qualified in the particular subject
Appeal to authority (argumentum ad verecundiam)
Authority in question is not mentioned or named
Anonymous authority
Sample is not enough/ significant to support a generalization
Hasty generalization
Assumed that two are similar, in some ways are also similar
False analogy
General rule is applied to a situation, even when it should be an exception
Accident
Since event A happened before B, therefore A is the cause of B
Post hoc
Direction between cause & effect is reversed
Wrong direction
Explanation for an event is reduced to one thing when there are also other reasons
Complex cause
Supposed to prove something concludes something else instead
Irrelevant conclusion
Position of the opposition is twisted
Straw Man
If A is true, then B is true
If B is true, therefore A is true
Affirming the consequent
If A is true, then B is true; if A is not true, then B is not true
Denying the antecedent
When arguments contradict one another
Inconsistency
Central idea ofmultiple-paragraph composition
Thesis statement
What are the parts of a thesis statement?
- Topic
- Position
- Reason/s
- Concession
Subject of the text
Topic
Your stand on topic
Position
Explanation and justification of your position
Reason/s
Opposing viewpoint on topic
Concession
What are the models of thesis writing
- Basic Thesis statement C topic + position)
- Thesis statement with concession (basic thesis statement + concession)
- Thesis statement with concession & reason
- Thesis statement with reason
Guides, controls, & unities ideas in paragraph
Topic sentence
Book review / article critique
- Criticize
- critique
- critic
Expressing disapproval finding faults in something without providing acomprehensive analysis
Criticize
Implies move detailed analysis and evaluation, considering both positive & negative view
Critique
Is a person who engages in the act of critiquing
Critic
What are the differences of Book Review & Report in terms of purpose?
1.) Purpose:
Book Review -> provides critical evaluation and opinion of a book.
Book Report- > focuses on summarizing the content of book.
What are the differences of Book Review & Report in terms of content?
2.) Content:
- book review -> analyzes strengths, weaknesses, & impact
- book report -> summarizes the key aspects of the book
Differences of Book Review & Report in terms of writing style
3.) writing style:
- book review -> more subjective & critical
- book report-> objective & factual
Differences of book review & report in terms of length:
4.) length:
- book review→ can vary in length, depending on the prediction
- book report → usually shorter than book reviews
Specialized form of academic writing in which a reviewer evaluates
Book review/ article critique
Structure of book review
I. Introduction
II. Summary
III. Review/ critique
IV. Conclusion
5% of the paper
Introduction
Has title, author, & any relevant background information of book/author
Introduction
10% of the paper
Summary
Concise summary of the books main plot or content
Summary
Focus on key events, characters, etc.
Summary
75% of the paper
Review/critique
Writing style, plot & structure, characters, themes & messages, originality & creativity, strengths & weaknesses
Review/ critique
Other 10% of the paper
Conclusion
Summarize your main points
Overall impression of the work
Final assessment of the book, if recommending it or not, & explaining your reasoning
Conclusion
Elicits the expected response fromthe reader
Business letters
