Ratios Flashcards
To understand and memorize ratios
Return on Assets
EBIT/Total Assets
For every dollar you have in assets they are making a return of __%
Return on Equity
Net Income/Equity (This is what will change with interest rates)
For every dollar you have in equity you are making __% return on it
Financial Leverage
If ROA is the same as ROE is means either two things.
1) The Company has no debt
2) The interest rate is the same as the ROA
Positive financial leverage
The ability to be able to borrow greater amount of money because you are, as of now, borrowing money at a lower interest rate than what you are earning back on the money you borrowed (your liabilities are working for you)
Negative Financial Leverage
When the interest rate at which you are currently borrowing is lower than what you are making back on the money you borrow (your liabilities are working against you and not pulling their weight)
Dividend payout ratio
Dividends/Net Income
For every dollar you have in net income you are paying out $XXX in dividends (This is 100%-retention ratio)
Retention Ratio
Addition to Retained Earnings/Net Income
For every dollar you earn in net income you are adding $XXX to RE (This is 100%-dividend payout ratio)
AVG Tax Rate
Amount taxed/Taxable Income
This shows avg tax rate over different tiered tax rates
Marginal tax rate
The tax rate of one additional dollar, also states what is your highest tax bracket
Net Working Capital
Current Assets - Current Liabilities
Earnings per share
Net Income/Avg shares outstanding
Dividends per share
Dividends/Avg shares outstanding
Statement of cash flows
1) Operating Activity (inflow/outflow from operations)
2) Investing Activity (Long-term assets PPE etc)
3) Financing Activity (Long-term liabilities N/P etc, long term financing dividends etc)
Current Ratio
Current Assets/Current Liabilities
Quick Ratio
Current Assets - inventory - prepaid exp etc/Current Liabilities