Rationalism Over Empiricism Flashcards
What is Rationalism?
Rationalism is a School of Thought within Epistemology that states that reason is the primary source of knowledge and understanding. Innate Rationalists, like Plato, believe that our minds / souls have innate knowledge.
What is Empiricism?
Empiricism is a School of Thought within Epistemology that states that knowledge is derived from our senses and observations of the world around us.
What is A Posteriori?
Knowledge based on experience and observation. E.g. The sun will shine tomorrow.
What is A Priori?
Knowledge independent of experience and known through reason or logic alone. E.g. All bachelors are unmarried men.
What is Induction?
Induction is a method of logical reasoning where specific observations are used to make general conclusions. This being an assumption.
What is Deduction?
Deduction is a method of logical reasoning where general principles or premises are used to derive specific conclusions. This being certain.
What is Episteme?
Episteme is true knowledge that is based on rational inquiry.
What is Doxa?
Doxa is opinion or belief that is based on appearances.
What is David Hume’s Problem with induction?
David Hume’s problem with induction is the idea that here is no logical basis for assuming that future events will always follow the same patterns as past events, despite our habitual expectations. Proving induction can never be certain.
