Ratio Analysis (8) Flashcards
1
Q
Define Gearing?
A
The extent to which an entity is funded by debt as compared to equity.
2
Q
Interest bearing debt
A
Liabilities of an entity which require the payment of interest on top of the capital amount.
3
Q
Apply ratio analysis in businesses to determine the?
A
position and potential of the company in which they have an interest
4
Q
There are various benefits to using ratio analysis?
A
- Measuring performance of the entity: Ratios provide an indication of an entity’s profitability, liquidity and solvency.
- Making comparisons: The ratios can be compared to those of companies in the industry in which the company operates, or with its own prior year ratios.
- Establishing future trends: Ratios calculated over many years can be used to establish trends.
- Identifying strengths and weaknesses: An entity’s strengths and weaknesses can be established through ratio analysis and interpretation
- Measuring performance of the entity: Ratios provide an indication of an entity’s profitability, liquidity and solvency. This information is a guide with regard to the entity’s performance in terms of generating profits, paying off debts and managing risk associated with borrowing. The financial and operational needs of the entity can also be determined. For example, the senior management of a company can decide to shut down a low-performing department if it continuously records low profits, is heavily in debt, or incurs significant expenses.
- Making comparisons: The ratios can be compared to those of companies in the industry in which the company operates, or with its own prior year ratios. This information can be used to measure performance against industry benchmarks, and improve the entity’s plans and policies accordingly.
- Establishing future trends: Ratios calculated over many years can be used to establish trends. For example, gross profit as a percentage of sales can be easily forecast based on previous years’ figures. This helps in planning and forecasting processes like budgeting.
- Identifying strengths and weaknesses: An entity’s strengths and weaknesses can be established through ratio analysis and interpretation. For example, low profit margins and increased expenses may be an indication of operational inefficiencies, on which the entity needs to improve. On the other hand, improved profit margins might indicate efficient marketing efforts and cost control, strengths that the entity should maintain.
5
Q
Explain Current ratio?
A
This indicates the entity’s ability to repay its current liabilities using current assets.
6
Q
Explain Quick ratio?
A
This indicates the entity’s ability to pay its current liabilities using assets that are quickly convertible into cash (excluding trading inventory, which is not easily convertible)
7
Q
Explain Trade receivables collection period (days)?
A
This indicates the time it takes an entity to collect amounts owed to it by debtors, which is the time between the sale of trading inventory and the receipt of payment. Generally, a shorter collection period is preferred as it improves the cash flow of the business.
8
Q
Explain Trade payables settlement period (days)?
A
This indicates the time it takes an entity to pay amounts owed to its creditors, which is the time between the purchase of goods and payment to the supplier. Businesses generally prefer taking longer to pay their creditors so that the cash can be used for internal operations. Taking too long, however, would incur penalties in the form of interest on overdue accounts.
9
Q
Explain Asset turnover? T
A
*Asset turnover = Total sales ÷ Total assets
his indicates how productively the entity’s assets are being used to generate sales. A high asset turnover indicates that assets are being used effectively to generate sales. A low ratio indicates low effectiveness where sales income generation could be improved. The ratio must be compared with industry averages.
10
Q
Explain Trading inventory turnover rate (times)?
A
- Trading inventory turnover rate (times) = Cost of sales ÷ Trading inventory
- This indicates the number of times in a period trading inventory is sold and replaced. A high trading inventory turnover indicates that sales are being made quickly. A low trading inventory turnover indicates that trading inventory is being kept for longer periods before being sold.
11
Q
Explain Trading inventory turnover (days)?
A
*Trading inventory turnover = (Trading inventory ÷ Cost of sales) × 365 days
- This indicates the number of days it takes an entity to convert its trading inventory into sales. The lower the number of days, the more efficient the entity is in selling its trading inventory, and vice versa.
12
Q
What do liquidity ratios measure?
A
An entity’s ability to pay off short-term debts using current assets
13
Q
Which of the following current ratio values represents the worst result for the business?
A
08:1
14
Q
What do Asset Management ratios measure?
A
The business’s success in managing its assets to generate sales
15
Q
A business’s revenue is equal to R500,000 and it has a total asset figure of R900,000.
What is the value of its asset turnover ratio?
A
0.55
16
Q
A business’s current assets are equal to R350.000 and its current liabilities are equal to
R200,000. What is the value of its current ratio?
A
175:1
17
Q
Debt financing creates an obligation for the business to repay both?
A
interest and the principal amount.
18
Q
Ratio analysis can be used to establish the entity’s ability to repay both?
A
the interest expense and the capital portion of financing.
19
Q
Debt management ratios are also known as?
A
solvency ratios.
20
Q
Generally, financing an entity through equity is more?
A
expensive than financing through debt
21
Q
Explain Debt to equity ratio?
A
- Debt to equity ratio = (Total debt ÷ Total equity) × 100
- This indicates the extent to which the owner’s equity is exposed to the finance risk that is associated with debt financing. A higher ratio indicates more debt financing, and more finance costs.
22
Q
Explain Total debt ratio (%)?
A
- Total debt ratio (%) = (Total debt ÷ Total assets) × 100
- This indicates the percentage of assets financed by borrowing (loans, mortgage bonds etc). A high ratio indicates too much debt and, therefore, a low ratio is preferred.
23
Q
Explain Capital gearing ratio?
A
This indicates the degree to which the business’s operations are financed by debt as compared to owner’s equity. A high gearing ratio indicates that an entity is heavily financed by debt, which is a concern as this also leads to high finance costs. Thus, a low gearing ratio is preferred. However, the ratio also needs to be compared to industry averages before a definitive conclusion is made.
24
Q
Management must always be concerned about the business‘s ability to?
A
generate profits.
25
Explain Gross profit Percentage?
* Gross profit Percentage = (Gross profit ÷ Total sales) × 100
- This indicates the percentage of sales that is left to cover other expenses after deducting cost of sales. A high gross profit percentage is preferred, as it indicates that the entity has retained more sales income to pay other expenses. This percentage should be compared with industry averages.
26
Explain Net profit Percentage?
* Net profit Percentage = (Net profit after tax ÷ Total sales) × 100
- This indicates the percentage of sales that is left after all expenses have been deducted. A high net profit percentage indicates the entity’s ability to effectively control expenses and generate sales. This percentage should be compared with industry averages.
27
Explain Return on owner’s equity (%)?
Explain Return on owner’s equity (%) = (Net profit after tax ÷ Owner’s equity) × 100
- This indicates the percentage return earned on funds invested by owners of the business. A high return is favourable, while a low return is unfavourable as it indicates that shareholders are receiving a low return on their investment.
28
The statement of cash flows is used together with other financial statements to calculate
the cash flow ratios.
29
These ratios enable users to make conclusive decisions about business processes, as profits alone may not be an accurate?
overall cash flows.
30
Explain Cash flow to total debt ratio (%)?
* Cash flow to total debt ratio (%) = (Cash flow from operations ÷ Total debt) × 100
- This indicates the ability of the business to pay its debt using the cash generated from its operations. A high ratio shows that the entity will be able to cover its debt. The ratio should be compared to previous year’s ratios to determine whether it has improved or declined.
31
Explain Cash flow margin ratio (%)?
8 Cash flow margin ratio (%) = (Cash flow from operations ÷ Total sales) × 100
- This indicates the amount of cash generated per rand of sales. A high ratio indicates that more cash was generated from sales, and is preferred over a low ratio.
32
Market value ratios reflect an entity’s?
value relative to perceptions in the market.
33
Briefly explain Market value ratios?
reflect an entity’s value relative to perceptions in the market. Market value ratios provide information on how investors view the potential return and risk associated with owning a company’s shares. ‘Market price’ refers to the price at which investors are willing to buy or sell their shares.
34
Explain Earnings per share (EPS)?
* Earnings per share (EPS) = Net profit after tax ÷ Number of ordinary shares issued
- Earnings are profits for the year available to ordinary shareholders, which can either be paid out as dividends to the shareholders or retained in the business. EPS measures the profit earned per share.
35
Explain Price/Earnings (P/E) ratio? Market price per share in issue ÷ Earnings per share This indicates the amount that investors are prepared to pay for shares per rand of reported profits. It also indicates investors’ confidence in a company.
* Price/Earnings (P/E) ratio = Market price per share in issue ÷ Earnings per share
- This indicates the amount that investors are prepared to pay for shares per rand of reported profits. It also indicates investors’ confidence in a company.
36
Explain Dividend yield (%)?
* Dividend yield (%) = (Dividend per share ÷ Market price per share) × 100
- This indicates an investor’s return. Investors prefer a high dividend yield. However, a high dividend yield may also be considered risky, as it may imply that the company is returning a huge portion of profit back to the shareholders as dividends. This leaves less profit for future development and growth.
37
Explain Dividend cover (times)?
* Dividend cover (times) =(Earnings per share ÷ Dividend per share)
- This indicates how easily dividends can be covered by earnings. A high dividend cover indicates that more earnings have been retained and reinvested in the entity. A low dividend cover shows that most of an entity’s earnings have been paid out as dividends.
38
List any two profitability ratios?
Any of the following profitability ratios may be listed:
- Gross profit percentage
- Net profit percentage
- Return on owners’ equity
39
A newly qualified investment analyst has been tasked with assessing the ability of a company to pay its debts when they fall due. They are unsure of which ratios to use. Explain to them which type of ratios are most appropriate, and give any two examples of such ratios?
The new investment analyst should be advised to use liquidity ratios. Liquidity ratios measure an entity’s ability to pay its short-term obligations (current liabilities), using current assets.
*Any of the following liquidity ratios may be listed as examples:
- Current ratio
- Quick (Acid test) ratio
- Trade receivables collection period
- Trade payables settlement period
40
After going through the current financial statements and calculating the ratios, the management accountant has concluded that the company is highly geared. Explain what this means?
Gearing refers to the extent to which an entity is funded by debt as compared to equity. If an entity is highly geared, it means that its financing is mainly composed of debt as compared to equity.
41
Rufus Traders are putting together a credit policy. What would you advise them in relation to trade receivables collection and trade payables settlement periods?
- Trade receivables collection period is a measure of how long it takes an entity to collect amounts owed to it by debtors. Rufus Traders should set up a trade receivables collection period that ensures that the days are kept as short as possible. Longer collection periods may result in credit losses and cash flow challenges.
- Trade payables settlement period is a measure of how long it takes an entity to pay amounts that it owes to its creditors. Ideally, Rufus Traders should allow longer settlement periods so that it has cash available for use in operations. However, it should be careful not to default, as this may attract penalties.
In considering an appropriate policy, Rufus Traders should also consider the industry averages and use them as a benchmark.
42
Define Current ratio?
When compared to the industry average of 5:1, the ratios for 20.17 and 20.16 are both high.
43
Explain Trade receivables collection period?
The collection period is much higher than the industry average of 45 days for both years. The collection period increased from 86 days in 20.16 to 97 days in 20.17.
44
Explain Trading inventory turnover (days)?
The number of days that Tuks Ltd takes to convert its trading inventory into sales decreased from 145 days in 20.16 to 108 days in 20.17.
45
Explain Capital gearing ratio?
The degree to which Tuks Ltd is funded by debt as compared to equity increased from 0.22:1 in 20.16 to 0.29:1 in 20.17.
46
Explain Gross profit percentage?
The company’s gross profit percentage declined from 74.94% in 20.16 to 65.24% in 20.17.
47
Explain Return on owner’s equity?
The return earned by Tuks Ltd’s shareholders decreased from 63.93% in 20.16 to 40.96% in 20.17.
48
Explain Price/Earnings ratio?
The increase in the P/E ratio from 1.30 in 20.16 to 1.64 in 20.17 indicates that investors are willing to pay more for shares in Tuks Ltd.
49
A company's statement of financial position and statement of cash flows show the following figures:
Cash flow from operating operations: R800,500
Total debt: R1,300,000
What is the company's cash flow to total debt ratio?
61.6%
50
A company's statement of financial position shows the following:
HEDEN
Total equity: R700,000
Non-current liabilities: R600,000
Current liabilities: R50,000
What is the company's capital gearing ratio?
0.46:1
51
A company's statement of financial position and statement of profit or loss and comprehensive income show the following figures:
Total Equity: R1,000,000
Net Profit: R850.000
What is the return on owner's equity (ROE)?
85%
52
Market-related information shows the following information about a company.
Market price per share in issue: R50
Net profit: R900,000
Number of shares issued: 22.500
What is the company's price/earnings ratio?
125
53
A company's statement of profit and loss and other comprehensive income shows the following figures:
Total Sales: R1,500,000
Net Profit: R680,000
What is the company's net profit percentage?
45%
54
Explain The gross profit percentage?
indicates how much sales is left to spend on other expenses after deducting cost of sales.
55
The current ratio measures?
the ability of the entity to pay its current liabilities using current assets.
56
Explain Trading inventory turnover (days)?
measures the number of days it takes an entity to convert its trading inventory to sales.
57
Dividend cover is an indication of how easily?
dividends can be covered by earnings.
58
Users of ratio analysis also need to be aware of the limitations of their findings. The following are limitations associated with ratio analysis:
- Application of different accounting policies
- Reliance on accuracy of accounting information
- Ratios not adjusted for inflation
- Subjective interpretation
- Application of different accounting policies: Comparisons are sometimes made between businesses that use different accounting policies;
- Reliance on accuracy of accounting information: The correctness of ratio analysis depends on the accuracy of the accounting information being interpreted. Likewise, if the financial statements are inaccurate, the ratio analysis will also be misleading.
- Ratios not adjusted for inflation: In cases where there has been a significant increase in inflation in recent years, comparison using historic information will provide misleading results.
- Subjective interpretation: It is possible for one ratio to be interpreted differently by different analysts, which can be misleading to other users.
59
What does 'limitations' of ratio analysis refer to?
What does the limitation 'ratios not adjusted for inflation' refer to?
- There may be a biased inflation of the importance of certain ratios over others
Some goods are more vulnerable to inflation than other goods
- Prices increasing over time could make comparing ratios across years misleading
60
What does the limitation 'reliance on accuracy of accounting information' refer to?
The Accountant might make an error when calculating the ratios
Incorrect accounting records might affect the ratios in a material way
61
What does the limitation 'Interpretation is subjective' refer to?
It is possible that one user of the ratios might draw different conclusions from another
62
Gross profit percentage exudation? (Gross profit ÷ Total sales) × 100
Gross profit percentage = (Gross profit ÷ Total sales) × 100
63
Net profit percentage equation?
Net profit percentage = (Net profit after tax ÷ Total sales) × 100
64
Current ratio equation?
Current ratio = Current assets ÷ Current liabilities
65
Quick (Acid test) ratio equation?
Quick (Acid test) ratio = (Current assets – trading inventory) ÷ Current liabilities
66
Trade receivables collection period equation?
Trade receivables collection period = (Trade receivables ÷ Credit sales) × 365 days
67
Trade payables settlement period equation?
Trade payables settlement period = (Trade payables ÷ Credit purchases) × 365 days
68
Trading inventory turnover rate Equation?
Trading inventory turnover rate = Cost of sales ÷ Trading inventory
69
Comment on Jozi Traders’ gross profit percentage and trading inventory turnover rate, for 20.16 and 20.17?
The gross profit percentage decreased from 29.36% in 20.16 to 28.21% in 20.17. This decrease shows that there was less income to spend on other expenses in 20.17. On the other hand, Jozi Traders’ trading inventory turnover rate decreased significantly from 9.70 times in 20.16 to 4.83 times in 20.17. The turnover rate indicates the number of times trading inventory is sold and replaced. Therefore, a decrease in the rate should raise concern. A low turnover rate also corresponds to the decrease in gross profit percentage, and the decrease in sales
70
Name the Liquidity ratios?
- Current ratio = (Current assets ÷ Current liabilities)
- Quick (Acid test) ratio = (Current assets – Trading inventory) ÷ Current liabilities
- Trade receivables collection period (days) = (Trade receivables ÷ Credit sales) × 365 days
-Trade payables settlement period (days) = (Trade payables ÷ Credit purchases) × 365 days
71
Name the Asset management ratios?
- Asset turnover = Total sales ÷ Total assets
- Trading inventory turnover rate (times) = Cost of sales ÷ Trading inventory
- Trading inventory turnover (days) = (Trading inventory ÷ cost of sales) × 365 days
72
Give the Debt management ratios?
- Debt to equity ratio = Total debt ÷ Total equity
- Total debt ratio (%) = (Total debt ÷ Total assets) × 100
- Capital gearing ratio = Long-term liabilities ÷ Capital employed
73
Name the Profitability ratios?
- Gross profit percentage = (Gross profit ÷ Total sales) × 100
- Net profit percentage = (Net profit after tax ÷ Total sales) × 100
- Return on owner’s equity (%) = (Net profit after tax ÷ Owner’s equity) × 100
74
Name the Cash flow ratios?
- Cash flow to total debt ratio (%) (Cash flow from operations ÷ Total debt) × 100
- Cash flow margin ratio (%) (Cash flow from operations ÷ Total sales) × 100
75
Name the Market value ratios?
- Earnings per share (EPS) = Net profit after tax ÷ Number of ordinary shares issued
- Price/Earnings (P/E) ratio = Market price per share in issue ÷ Earnings per share
- Dividend yield (%) = (Dividend per share ÷ Market price per share) × 100
- Dividend cover (times) = Earnings per share ÷ Dividend per share
76
What should lesson plans mainly focus on?
Teaching skills and knowledge that will make learners competent in the topic being taught
77
What is the purpose of a summative assessment?
To gauge whether the learners have acquired the knowledge and skills that are in line with the learning objectives of & programme
78
Which of the following is an example of formative assessment in "customer relations" training?
Dividing learners into pairs where one would be a sales consultant and one a customer
79
What is the main point to consider when selecting content for the lesson plan?
Meeting the instructional objectives of the programme
80
When sequencing content, which description best describes
"known-to-unknown" order?
Starting the lesson with familiar aspects. then presenting new information
81
Explain the difference between formative assessments and summative assessments?
Formative assessments are aimed practice. They allow learners to apply what they are learning throughout the training programme or course (it is continuous) and will indicate whether the learner is competent enough to move on to the summative assessment. Summative assessments are ‘final’ and do not allow learners to practise. It is the final measurement that instructors use to determine if learners have achieved the unit standard outcome. It is not continuous like formative assessments, and only occurs at the end of the training or course.
82
Name the three forms of competence and give an example of each?
- Foundational competence: An engineer’s theoretical knowledge of how an engine works. Your examples may vary, but the emphasis must be on theoretical knowledge.
- Practical competence: This would an engineer’s ability to fix an engine or build one from scratch. Your examples may vary, but the emphasis must be on the application of theoretical knowledge.
- Reflexive competence: Challenging an engineer to build an engine using only certain or limited materials. Your examples may vary, but the emphasis must be on the problem- solving and analysis, and should involve both theoretical and practical knowledge.
83
It is important for trainers to design learner guides that are?
both supportive and interactive.
84
An effective learner guide should include the following?
- Detailed support material relating to all of the theory and practise the trainee needs in order to attain mastery of the topic of the training programme. This includes figures, diagrams and tables where necessary, to highlight pertinent information visually or delineate the differences between concepts, or advantages and disadvantages of particular techniques or processes.
- Space for trainees to reflect on the content of the training, such as including a few open lines at the end of every section or the bottom of every second or third page, so trainees can write their own additional notes based on class discussions to supplement the material provided.
- Formative assessment exercises and/or opportunities for reflection and practise, so trainees are given exercises and activities through which they can actively process the work that they are learning, and self-reflect on their understanding and comprehension of the training material.
- A thorough bibliography, so trainees can access recommended sources that may assist them if they need to conduct their own research, or do follow-up reading while completing summative assessments.
85
give the following advice about support materials?
- A variety of support materials should be utilised. It is important, however, that support materials only be used when they will enhance the content of the training programme.
- Support materials (such as PowerPoint presentations and flip chart / whiteboard explanations) should always be clearly visible to everyone in the room.
The trainer should face the trainees at all times when referring to support materials.
- Support materials should be prepared and set up before the commencement of the training programme to avoid last-minute delays or problems (such as printing issues), and to ensure all equipment (such as data projectors and sound systems) is in working order.
86
Now, let’s turn our attention to some of the more common learning support materials that can be used during training.
Learner guides or workbooks should include details of?
all exercises, tasks and activities for the duration of the training programme. This will not only save time, since trainees will not have to write down what is required of them, but it will also ensure consistency of responses from trainees. These workbooks may contain clear self-study material that trainees are expected to read and complete in their own time, in order to improve their understanding of the topic being presented (Truman et al., 2007).
- PowerPoint presentations
- Additional handouts
- Flip charts / whiteboards
- Videos
87
Classroom-based training, like all other training methods, comes with its own set of advantages and disadvantages. Let’s start with the advantages?
- Good environment: Classroom settings are normally clean, organised and removed from the noise and distractions typically found in work environments. This makes for a very productive learning experience.
- Group sizes: Depending on the setting, classroom environments can accommodate both large and small groups. For example, a big venue can host more than 100 learners at a time, whereas a small meeting room can be used for smaller, more intimate training groups.
- Presence of instructor/facilitator: Classroom-based training is typically led by an instructor or facilitator. This individual guides the learners through the training and can help them when and where needed.
- The social element: Classroom environments allow learners to interact with one another. It also allows them to learn from each other, which enhances the overall learning experience.
Cooperation: Classroom environments also allow learners to interact with potential co-workers in a professional manner. This helps to prepare them for the real work environment.
88
Some of the disadvantage of classroom-based training programmes include?
- Time frames
- Knowledge retention
- Removed from the work environment
- Work schedule
- Personality types
- Time frames: Classroom-based training is usually limited to a certain amount of time (one or two days), at specific times of the year, or month. This might mean that only a certain amount of content can be covered and that, if a learner misses the training, they have to wait a long time before they can attend again.
- Knowledge retention: Classroom-based training is not the best type of training for knowledge retention because it is such a short-lived experience. Learners often only remember a small percentage of what they learned.
Removed from the work environment: Even though classroom training is a good, quiet space to learn, it is also removed from the actual work environment, which might make it difficult for learners to see the practical application of what they have learned.
- Work schedule: Training might require employees to take time out of their work schedule. This could make it difficult for them to attend, and might cause their work to pile up.
- Personality types: Classroom-based training usually works best for social, extroverted learners. Shy or introverted learners might find it difficult to interact with others or participate in the activities.
89
Workplace-based training is often referred to as ‘on-the-job’ training. It typically takes place in the work environment by?
pairing the learner with other staff members
90
The advantages of workplace training include the following?
- Real-world setting
- Persona
- Participation and team building
- Social interaction
- Professionalism
- Real-world setting: Learners get to learn and apply their skills in the actual work environment.
- Personal: This type of training is a lot more personal, and learners get a lot more ‘one-on-one’ time with those teaching them.
- Participation and team building: Since learners are applying their skills on the job, they feel part of the team and can achieve a sense of accomplishment.
- Social interaction: Workplace-based training gives learners the opportunity to interact with their colleagues and senior members of staff.
- Professionalism: By working with their peers and senior staff members, learners have the opportunity to observe their professional skills and behaviours and to learn from it.
- Company benefits: Of course, the company also benefits from workplace training, as the learner is actually doing work while they learn.
91
The advantages of workplace training include the following:
Some of the disadvantages of workplace-based training include:
- Training:
- Time frames
- Personality clashes
- Training: For workplace training to be successful, those mentoring, coaching and guiding the learners must also be properly trained to do so – something that is often neglected.
- Time frames: Because this training happens in a real-life setting, there might not always be time for the learner to fully grasp what is going on, or why things are done a certain way. When deadlines are close, mentors and coaches might not be able to slow down for the sake of the learner.
- Personality clashes: As in all work environments, not everyone can get along. But this becomes a problem when the learner and the mentor or coach they are teamed up with cannot get along. It will hinder the learning experience.
92
Competency-based training attempts to break away from the traditional classroom setting. It creates a partnership between employers and educators, to achieve outcomes?
that benefit both the employer
93
The steps in creating a competency-based training programme
- Create
development Plan
- Assess and measure
- Repeat
Establish job/role standards Identify skill(s) gaps dev
94
Core competencies refer to?
the skills and knowledge that you would expect any proficient employee to be able to demonstrate in the course of their work. For example, an educator would be required to relate to and interact well with students
95
Work experience or job knowledge?
This will help equip newcomers with key skills, and place them under the mentorship of more experienced employees. Training for new employees without experience, or with little experience, is directly related to the specific role they have to fill.
96
Explain Professionalism?
Business etiquette training is a valuable tool for newer employees who need to refine some of their skills.
97
Explain Teamwork?
This will teach learners the ability to communicate and cooperate with others, to ensure smooth workflow. Relevant training options for this area would be team building and team leadership.
98
Explain Responsibility?
This is related to character and not necessarily to skills. However, sometimes people need guidelines to assist them in attaining the level of responsibility required for the tasks at hand. Training may be applied in time management and business etiquette.
99
Explain Adaptability?
This is useful for newcomers to the company, as they need to embrace the culture and different procedures followed by the company. In order for this to be achieved, an induction programme or orientation day/plan is helpful.
100
Explain Positive disposition?
A good attitude creates a healthy and productive environment. To maintain a positive workforce, companies can invest in team-building activities.
101
Explain Self-driven or motivated?
It is important for an employee to have a desire to be part of the company, take pride in their work, and work toward personal and company goals. This kind of employee stays motivated and creates positive energy in a work environment. Employees are often motivated (and more committed) when they know companies are willing to invest in them. Training options may therefore be related to the role of the employee, but may also include goal-setting and team building.
102
Explain Attention to detail?
This is particularly important in a high-risk environment, where detailed procedures need to be followed and documents need to be accurate – e.g. an attorney’s office. This may also apply to other areas, such as data capturing, monitoring volatile equipment, hospitals, or (simply) organising and maintaining a system of records
103
Explain Commercial awareness?
Sales representatives and marketing departments need to be aware of what is happening in the marketplace regarding trends, competitors etc. Training that may be relevant to this area include: customer service, sales training, sales management, marketing, and especially social media marketing.
104
Explain Decision-making?
It is important to be able to assess situations, and make decisions to the benefit of the company and its people. Training will depend on the level of decision-making that needs to happen. In management, training may include: leadership training, people management and motivation, delegation, team leadership, supervisory skills, problem-solving, and negotiating skills In more junior roles, training may include the following: customer service and front-line skills development.
105
Explain Communication?
A lack of communication of information may result in misunderstanding, a misleading assumption, poor customer service, insubordination etc. Training may include: communication excellence, barriers to communication, conflict management and handling difficult customers.
106
Explain Interpersonal skills?
This refers to the ability to get along with other people. These skills can be built by encouraging communication excellence.
107
Explain Persuasion?
A salesperson requires skills that ensure that the client regards them as sincere and committed. Persuasiveness may be trained by focusing on: negotiating skills, sales techniques, and leadership.
108
Explain Problem-solving?
This is a valuable skill for people in an organisation who deal with customers, or management who deal with personnel, competitors or organisational development. Areas of training may include: assertiveness training and negotiating skills.
109
Explain Customer service?
A customer liaison needs to be able to listen and respond effectively to customer questions, solve customer problems, keep customers satisfied, respect all internal and external customers, and commit to exceeding customer expectations.
Training may include: conflict management and front-line skills.
110
Organisation Structure is essential for ensuring that tasks are prioritised and completed and that no task is forgotten or overlooked
To ensure that personnel are organised, the following training areas may be considered?
- time management,
- organisational skills training,
- prioritising, and
- diary management.
111
Which of the following refers to qualities that assist the organisation in reaching its objectives?
Key competencies
112
Which of the following is NOT true with regards to competency-based training?
It is also known as 'on-the-job' training
113
During the development of a competency-based training programme. what should be done between establishing the job requirements and creating a development plan?
Identifying the skills gaps
114
Which of the following represents a major difference between traditional education and competency-based learning?
Competency-based learning is more practical, whereas traditional learning is more theoretical
115
Which of the following kinds of training might be suited for increasing 'commercial awareness'?
Sales training
