Rates Of Reaction Flashcards
Mean rate of reaction equation
Mean rate = quantity product formed / time taken
Definition Of collision theory
Chemical reactions can only take place when the reacting particles collide with each other.The collisions must have sufficient energy.
How is the rate of a chemical reaction determined bye
The frequency of successful collisions
ROR - increasing particles
The more particles the more collisions per second
So the rate of reaction is faster
Increase rate is proportional to concentration
ROR - surface area
When we increase the surface area we have more collisions per second so the rate of reaction increases
Purpose of cotton wall
To allow carbon dioxide out and prevent acid from splashing out
Definition activation energy
The minimum amount of energy the particles must have in order to react
ROR - temperature
Increasing the temperature increases the energy of the particles
The particles have more energy to move faster
This increases the frequency of collisions so there is a greater number of collisions per second
More energy more particles can overcome the activation energy barrier and Clyde successfully
Increasing the temperature is proportional to the rate of reaction

Definition catalyst
Increase the rate of chemical reactions but are not used up
Why are catalysts good
Carry out chemical reactions quickly without increasing the temperature saves money
I’m not you stop that can be reused
Catalysts and activation energy
Catalyst provide an alternate pathway for reaction that has a lower activation energy
More particles successfully collide per second
Facts about catalyst x3
Do not include catalyst in chemical equations because they’re not used up
Different reactions need different catalysts
Enzymes act as catalysts in organisms
If we heat a reaction is it endothermic or Exothermic
Endothermic
Putting energy in
Copper Sulfate is what in the forward direction
Endothermic
Closed system
No energy can leave or energy
Definition equilibrium
When the rate of the forward and backward direction are equal
If the system is equilibrium and the changes made to condition then what happens
The system responds to counteract the change
A = B
What happens if we increase concentration of A
More B will form
A=B
Decrease concentration of B
More A will react to form B
A=B
Increase B
More B will turn into A
If it Exothermic the temperature of the SYSTEM …
Increase
Of it is endothermic the temperature of the system
DECREASES
If we increase the temperature the equilibrium shift to the
Endothermic
What does shift we decrease temperature equilibrium shift
Exothermic
If we increase the pressure the equilibrium shift to the side with
LESS molecules
Pressure only effects equilibrium
If gases are present
Or same number of particles
Explain in terms of particles how and why the rate of reaction changes during the reaction of calcium carbonate with hydrochloric acid (4 marks)
Acid particles used up
So concentration decreases
Less frequent collisions per second
So rate of reaction decreases
Which is the precipitation
The solid
Not aqueous
Suggest why catalyst is used in this industrial process
Do not give answers in terms of increasing the rate of reaction
Less energy is needed
What two pieces of measuring apparatus are needed to find the rate of production of a gas
Gas syringe
Stopwatch
Rate of reaction minuets or seconds
SECONDS
CONVERT
Atom economy big numbers
YES
How will increasing the pressure increase the rate of reaction
More collisions per unit time because there are more molecules per unit volume
