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PPL > Ratel > Flashcards

Ratel Flashcards

1
Q

What does a transponder do?

A

Enables a ground base radar controller or a pilot with an ACAS to determine the location (and altitude) of an aircraft

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2
Q

What is an ACAS

A

Airbourne Collision Avoidance System. fitted to another AC

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3
Q

How does a transponder work

A

a signal sent from a ground based rader unit is received by the transponder (interrogates the transponder). the signal triggers the transponder to send a coded signal back to the radar unit

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4
Q

sound waves travel at what speed

A

the speed of sound

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5
Q

what factor influences the speed of sound

A

air temperature

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6
Q

what is the definition of frequency

A

the rate of recurrence of a vibration, an oscillation or a cycle (past a given point)

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7
Q

how is wave motion described

A

by its shape and frequency

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8
Q

how do radiowaves (electromagnetic waves) differ from sound waves

A
  • variations in the strength of electric and magnetic fields, which do not require a medium
  • radiowave distances are substantially greater
  • rw travel at the speed of light
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9
Q

how can the characteristics of a waveband be defined

A

wavelength, frequency, amplitude, frequency bands

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10
Q

what is wavelength

A

length of a single wave or one completed cycle

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11
Q

what is frequency

A

number of completed waves passing a point in one second

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12
Q

what is amplitude

A

distance from the top or bottom of the wave to the mean value line of a wave

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13
Q

why do we use the VHF band for aeronautical comms?

A
  • large number of freuqncies

- reception is superior

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14
Q

what is a disadvantage of VHF band for aeronautical comms

A

inability of signals to bend around obstacles. line of sight

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15
Q

why would you be able to get a hf signal if you were in the lee of a mountain

A

sky waves- the propagation of radio waves reflected or refracted back toward Earth from the ionosphere, an electrically charged layer of the upper atmosphere

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16
Q

what is a transceiver

A

a receiver and a transmitter

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17
Q

what are the types of modulation and whats the difference

A

amplitude modulation- varying the amplitude while frequency remains constant
frequency modulation- vice versa

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18
Q

what are the advantages of fm modulation over am

A

clearer signals

greater availability of channels within a given range of frequencies

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19
Q

all ac in nz are fitted with 2 radios. what are they

A

transponder, elt

20
Q

what is mode
a
c

A 
a- four figure code (predetermined for a class of ac, issued to you by control, permanent discrete code issued)
c- four figure code plus altitude
21
Q 
transponder codes
off
sby
on
alt 
test
A

off- off
sby- transponder switched on but will not reply to interrogations
on-will reply to interrogations but will send mode A only
alt- transponder on, will reply. Mode A and C will be sent
Test- test function

22
Q

transponder codes
7500
7600
7700

A

7500- unlawful interference/ hijacking
7600- communications failure
7700- emergency- distress

23
Q

2 major disadvantages of hf

A

static interference and signal fading

24
Q

sound waves passing through air consists of …. being compressed and expanded; they move at the speed of ….

A

air, speed of sound

25
Q

radio waves are …. waves; they move at the speed of …

A

electromagnetic, light

26
Q

amplitude means the distance between

  • top of wave to the bottom of the wave or
  • top or bottom of the wave to the mean value line
A

top or bottom of the wave to the mean value line

27
Q

what is meant by the term attenuation

A

weakening or decaying

28
Q

when radio waves are in the vhf band they have a longer/shorter wavelengths than in the lf band

A

shorter

29
Q

the preferred frequency band in aviation is ….

A

vhf

30
Q

what is mean by the term transceiver

A

transmitter/receiver

31
Q

what is meant by the term nav/com

A

combined radio installation for navigation aids and communications

32
Q

what is an important negative aspect of vhf transmission/reception

A

comparatively short range, line of sight

33
Q

flying higher/lower will improve range of vhf reception

A

higher

34
Q

range of vhf reception in nz has been improved by the installation of

A

repeater stations

35
Q

what is meant by the term modulation

A

superimposing of intelligence on the carrier wave

36
Q

when you press the microphone transmit button, the radio transmits the … and when you speak into the microphone you add … to it

A

carrier wave, modulation

37
Q

what happens if you activate your transmitter when another station is transmitting

A

you cut out other transmitions

38
Q

what is the function of the squelch control

A

to control the level of unwanted signals or static

39
Q

list two important steps before you transmit a message

A

formulate the message, listen for others

40
Q

compared to normal conversation what should be your rate of speech during transmitting

A

slightly slower, conversational

41
Q

what is the predominant advantage of hf over vhf and what is the predominant disadvantage

A

greater range. presence of static and fading

42
Q

when you see a short 50-80cm antenna, what frequency band is the radio likely to operate in

A

vhf

43
Q

after engine start you should select …. on your transponder and select …. or ….. for in flight conditions

A

sby, on, alt

44
Q

when you turn the transponder function switch on, the equipment transmits mode ….. information which does/does not include altitude information

A

mode a, does not

45
Q

when you are instructed to squawk ident you should

A

press the transponder ident button once

PPL (7 decks)

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