Rate of reactions Flashcards
What is an element?
Elements are made of only one type of atom.
What is a compound?
A compound is a substance made from two or more types of atom chemically bonded (in a pattern).
What is a mixture?
A mixture is a substance made of two or more types of atoms that are not chemically bonded (no pattern).
What are the physical properties of a metal?
- High melting point and
boiling point - Shiny/Lustrous
- Malleable
- Conductors
- Grey (except Au/Cu)
- high density
What are the physical properties of a non-metal?
- low melting point and
boiling point - Dull
- Brittle
- Insulators
- various colors
- low density
How does Mg react with oxygen?
Observations: burns with a white flame, produces a whit solid
Formula: MgO
How does Ca react with oxygen?
Observations: burns with orange flame, produces white solid.
How does Fe react with oxygen?
Observations: Burns with orange/red flame, produces brown solid.
How does S react with oxygen?
Observations: burns with blue flame, produces colorless gas.
How does C react with oxygen?
Observations: burns with red flame, produces carbon dioxide.
When metals react with oxygen and water do they make an acid or base?
They make a Base.
When non-metals react with oxygen and water do they make an acid or base?
They make an acid.
metal + water =>
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
non-metal + water =>
Acid
metal + water =>
metal hydroxide + hydrogen
How do Li, Na, K react with water?
Li: effervesces, temp. increase, element disappears, floats near the surface.
Na: effervesces, temp. increase, element disappears, floats near the surface, forms sphere. (prevented from moving, burns with yellow/orange flame)
K: effervesces, temp. increase, element disappears, floats near the surface, burns with lilac flame.
How can you tell the reactivity of a metal by it’s place on the periodic table?
The lower and more to the left it is the more reactive it is.
how can the reactions of metals with acids be used to identify a metal’s reactivity?
- effervescing (slower/faster)
- temp. increase (lower/higher)
- metal disappears (faster/slower)
What is displacement?
A reaction where a more reactive element replaces a less reactive element. (happens with an element and a compound)
What is the reactivity series of the most common metals? (most reactive to least reactive)
K
Na
Li
Ca
Mg
Zn
Fe
Cu
Ag
Au
What observations can be used to know if a displacement reaction has occurred?
Temp. change and color change.
In electrolysis which side are the anode and cathode on?
The cathode is on the left (-)
The anode is on the right (+)
In what side is the non-metal formed in electrolysis?
In the anode.
In what side is the metal usually formed?
In the cathode or hydrogen from the water.
